Partai Demokrat (Amerika Serikat): Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
65434fedcd (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
||
(30 revisi perantara oleh 15 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Rapikan}}
{{Tentang|partai politik di Amerika Serikat|parpol di Indonesia|Partai Demokrat}}
{{Infobox partai politik
| name = Partai Demokrat
| native_name = {{Nobold|{{Lang|en|Democratic Party}}}}
| lang1 =
| name_lang1 =
Baris 14 ⟶ 15:
| colorcode = #00A6EF
| leader =
| chairman = [[
| chairperson =
| president = [[Joe Biden]]
| spokesperson =
| founder = [[Andrew Jackson]] </br> [[Martin Van Buren]]
| leader1_title = Wakil Presiden
| leader1_name = [[Kamala Harris]]
| leader2_title =
| leader2_name =
| leader3_title = Pemimpin Senat
| leader3_name = [[Chuck Schumer]]
| leader4_title = Pimpinan Majelis
| leader4_name = [[Hakeem Jeffries]]
| leader5_title = Ketua [[Asosiasi Pemerintahan Demokratis|Asosiasi Pemerintahan]]
| leader5_name = [[Dan Malloy]] ([[Connecticut|CT]])<ref>[https://democraticgovernors.org/gov-malloy-elected-as-dga-chair/ Gov. Malloy Elected as DGA Chair]. democraticgovernors.com (2015-12-07). Retrieved on 2016-09-15.</ref>
| slogan =
| founded = 8 Januari 1828; 195 tahun yang lalu
| dissolved =
| merger =
Baris 40:
| headquarters = 430 South Capital Street SE,<br />[[Washington, D.C.]], 20003
| newspaper =
| student_wing = College Democrats of America
| youth_wing = Young Democrats of America
Baris 47 ⟶ 46:
| wing2_title = Sayap Luar Negeri
| wing2 = Democratic Abroad
| wing3_title = Sayap LGBT
| wing3 = Stonewall Democrats
| membership_year =
| membership = {{Penurunan}}47,
| ideology = [[Liberalisme]]<br>[[Liberalisme sosial]]<br>[[Progresivisme]]
| religion =
Baris 59 ⟶ 58:
| affiliation1_title =
| affiliation1 =
| colors = {{color box|{{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}|border=darkgray}} Biru
| blank1_title = Spektrum politik
| blank1 = [[Sentrisme]] sampai [[Kiri tengah]]
Baris 67 ⟶ 66:
| blank3 =
| seats1_title = Jumlah kursi di [[Senat Amerika Serikat|Senat]]
| seats1 = {{Infobox political party/seats|48|100|hex=#
| seats2_title = Jumlah kursi di [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Amerika Serikat|DPR]]
| seats2 = {{Infobox political party/seats|
| seats3_title = Majelis Tinggi Negara Bagian
| seats3 = {{Infobox political party/seats|
| seats4_title = Majelis Rendah Negara Bagian
| seats4 = {{Infobox political party/seats|
| seats5_title = Pemerintahan teritorial
| seats5 = {{Infobox political party/seats|4|5|hex=#0000FF}}
| seats6_title = Jumlah Kursi di ruang atas teritorial
| seats6 = {{Infobox political party/seats|31|97|hex=#0000FF}}
| seats7_title = Kursi di ruang bawah teritorial
| seats7 = {{Infobox political party/seats|9|91|hex=#0000FF}}
| symbol = [[File:Democratic Disc.svg|90px]]
| flag =
Baris 87 ⟶ 92:
| elections_dab2 =
| footnotes =
| governing_body = [[Komite Nasional Partai Demokrat]] (DNC)
}}
'''Partai Demokrat''' ({{lang-en|Democratic Party}}) adalah salah satu dari dua [[partai politik]] terbesar di [[Amerika Serikat]]; selain [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]]. Partai Demokrat [[Politik kiri tengah|berhaluan tengah kiri/demokrat sosial]], walaupun kebijakan-kebijakannya tidak terlalu kiri dibandingkan dengan partai-partai buruh atau demokratis sosial di negara lain.
Partai Demokrat didirikan pada tahun 1828 oleh [[Martin Van Buren]] dari [[New York (negara bagian)|New York]]. Van Buren memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk partai ini dalam upaya memenangkan [[Andrew Jackson]] dari [[Tennessee]] untuk menjadi Presiden. Partai Demokrat adalah partai aktif yang tertua di dunia.<ref name="Lucas-2014">M. Philip Lucas, "Martin Van Buren as Party Leader and at Andrew Jackson's Right Hand." in ''A Companion to the Antebellum Presidents 1837–1861'' (2014): 107–129.</ref>'''<ref name="Janda-2010">"The Democratic Party, founded in 1828, is the world's oldest political party" states {{Cite book|last1=Janda|first1=Kenneth|last2=Berry|first2=Jeffrey M.|last3=Goldman|first3=Jerry|year=2010|url=https://archive.org/details/jandachallengeof00houg|title=The Challenge of Democracy: American Government in Global Politics|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=9780495906186|page=276|url-access=registration}}</ref>'''<ref name="Kazin-2022">Michael Kazin, ''What It Took to Win: A History of the Democratic Party'' (2022) pp 5, 12.</ref> Awalnya, partai ini mendukung kekuasaan presidensial yang ekspansif,<ref name="Holt-1992">{{Cite book|last=Holt|first=Michael F.|year=1992|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VEhYhbouR3QC&pg=PA27|title=Political Parties and American Political Development: From the Age of Jackson to the Age of Lincoln|publisher=[[Louisiana State University Press]]|isbn=978-0807126097|pages=27–28|access-date=March 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405015907/https://books.google.com/books?id=VEhYhbouR3QC&pg=PA27|archive-date=April 5, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> kepentingan negara bagian perbudakan,<ref name="Bates-2015">{{Cite book|last=Bates|first=Christopher|year=2015|title=The Early Republic and Antebellum America: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural, and Economic History|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|isbn=9781317457404|pages=293|quote=The expansion engineered by Polk rendered the Democratic Party increasingly beholden to Southern slave interests, which dominated the party from 1848 to the Civil War.}}</ref> [[agrarianisme]],<ref name="EB-2023">{{Cite web|last=Staff|title=Jacksonian Democracy: The Democratization of Politics|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States/Jacksonian-democracy|website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712100142/https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States/Jacksonian-democracy|archive-date=July 12, 2022|access-date=October 6, 2022|quote=By the 1840s, Whig and Democratic congressmen voted as rival blocs. Whigs supported and Democrats opposed a weak executive, a new Bank of the United States, a high tariff, distribution of land revenues to the states, relief legislation to mitigate the effects of the depression, and federal reapportionment of House seats. Whigs voted against and Democrats approved an independent treasury, an aggressive foreign policy, and expansionism. These were important issues, capable of dividing the electorate just as they divided the major parties in Congress.|url-status=live}}</ref> dan ekspansionisme geografis,<ref name="EB-2023" /> serta menolak pembentukan bank sentral dan tarif tinggi.<ref name="EB-2023" /> Pada tahun 1860, Partai ini mengalami dualisme karena isu perbudakan dan hanya memenangkan kursi Presiden hanya dua kali diantara 1860 sampai 1912,{{Efn|text=[[Grover Cleveland]] pada tahun 1884 dan 1892}} walaupun mereka berhasil memenangkan suara populer sebanyak empat kali pada periode tersebut. Pada akhir abad ke-19, partai ini terus menentang tarif tinggi dan terlibat dalam perdebatan internal yang sengit tentang [[standar emas]]. Pada awal abad ke-20, partai ini mendukung reformasi [[Progresivisme|progresif]] dan menentang [[imperialisme]], dengan [[Woodrow Wilson]] memenangkan Gedung Putih pada tahun 1912 dan 1916.
Sejak masa pemerintahan [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], partai ini berubah arah ideologinya menuju ke platform yang lebih [[Liberalisme|liberal]] dan mempromosikan kebijakan seperti [[asuransi pengangguran]] dan Jaminan Sosial.<ref name="sarnold">{{cite book|last=Arnold|first=N. Scott|year=2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGNRRwkZFysC|title=Imposing values: an essay on liberalism and regulation|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780495501121|page=3|quote=Modern liberalism occupies the left-of-center in the traditional political spectrum and is represented by the Democratic Party in the United States.|access-date=April 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002180929/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGNRRwkZFysC&hl=en|archive-date=October 2, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Geer|first=John G.|date=1992|title=New Deal Issues and the American Electorate, 1952–1988|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/586295|journal=Political Behavior|volume=14|issue=1|pages=45–65|doi=10.1007/BF00993508|issn=0190-9320|jstor=586295|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229012045/https://www.jstor.org/stable/586295|archive-date=December 29, 2021|access-date=August 23, 2022|s2cid=144817362|url-status=live|hdl=1803/4054|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="egrigsby">{{cite book|last=Grigsby|first=Ellen|year=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGNRRwkZFysC|title=Analyzing Politics: An Introduction to Political Science|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=9780495501121|pages=106–107|quote=In the United States, the Democratic Party represents itself as the liberal alternative to the Republicans, but its liberalism is for the most part the later version of liberalism—modern liberalism.|access-date=April 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002180930/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGNRRwkZFysC&hl=en|archive-date=October 2, 2020}}</ref> Kebijakan [[New Deal]] menarik dukungan kuat kepada partai dari imigran Eropa yang baru tiba dan memperlemah sayap pro-bisnis partai.<ref>{{cite book|last=Prendergast|first=William B.|date=1999|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B9nFwo5B1BQC|title=The Catholic Voter in American Politics: The Passing of the Democratic Monolith|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Georgetown University|isbn=978-0-87840-724-8|access-date=July 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009095426/https://books.google.com/books?id=B9nFwo5B1BQC|archive-date=October 9, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Marlin|first=George J.|date=2004|url=https://archive.org/details/americancatholic0000marl_2006|title=The American Catholic Voter: 200 Years of Political Impact|location=South Bend, Indiana|publisher=St. Augustine|isbn=978-1-58731-029-4|access-date=April 28, 2020|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>Michael Corbett et al. ''Politics and Religion in the United States'' (2nd ed. 2013).</ref> Dari akhir pemerintahan Roosevelt hingga ke tahun 1950-an, minoritas di sayap Selatan partai bergabung dengan Partai Republik konservatif untuk memperlambat dan menghentikan reformasi domestik progresif.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zeitz|first=Joshua|date=October 16, 2023|title=The 'Unprecedented' House GOP Meltdown Isn't as Novel as You Think. And There Is a Way Out.|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/16/broken-congress-history-00121564|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016094650/https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/16/broken-congress-history-00121564|archive-date=October 16, 2023|access-date=October 16, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Setelah era Great Society dari undang-undang progresif di bawah [[Lyndon Baines Johnson|Lyndon B. Johnson]], yang sering kali mampu mengatasi koalisi konservatif pada tahun 1960-an, basis inti partai bergeser, dengan negara-negara Selatan menjadi lebih andal mendukung Partai Republik dan negara-negara bagian Timur Laut menjadi lebih andal mendukung Partai Demokrat.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=February 15, 2015|title=How Medicare Was Made|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/medicare-made|access-date=August 23, 2022|magazine=The New Yorker|language=en-US|url-access=limited|last=Zelizer|first=Julian E.|archive-date=March 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304221801/https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/medicare-made|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="gallup2010">{{cite web|date=June 12, 2009|title=Women More Likely to Be Democrats, Regardless of Age|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/120839/Women-Likely-Democrats-Regardless-Age.aspx|publisher=Gallup|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100614010429/http://www.gallup.com/poll/120839/Women-Likely-Democrats-Regardless-Age.aspx|archive-date=June 14, 2010|access-date=June 17, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Elemen serikat buruh partai telah menjadi lebih kecil sejak tahun 1970-an,<ref name="Kullgren-2020">{{Cite web|last=Kullgren|first=Ian|date=November 10, 2020|title=Union Workers Weren't a Lock for Biden. Here's Why That Matters|url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/union-workers-werent-a-lock-for-biden-heres-why-that-matters|website=[[Bloomberg Law]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103045842/https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/union-workers-werent-a-lock-for-biden-heres-why-that-matters|archive-date=November 3, 2022|access-date=November 3, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Frank|first=Thomas|date=2016|url=https://archive.org/details/listenliberalorw0000fran|title=Listen, liberal, or, What ever happened to the party of the people?|location=New York|publisher=Henry Holt and Company|isbn=978-1-62779-539-5|edition=First|oclc=908628802|url-access=registration}}</ref> dan ketika pemilih Amerika bergeser ke arah yang lebih konservatif setelah masa jabatan Presiden [[Ronald Reagan]], pemilihan [[Bill Clinton]] menandai pergerakan partai menuju Jalan Ketiga, menggerakkan sikap ekonomi partai menuju kebijakan ekonomi berbasis pasar.<ref name="Hale-1995">{{Cite journal|last=Hale|first=Jon F.|date=1995|title=The Making of the New Democrats|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2152360|journal=Political Science Quarterly|volume=110|issue=2|pages=207–232|doi=10.2307/2152360|issn=0032-3195|jstor=2152360|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212194604/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2152360|archive-date=December 12, 2021|access-date=August 24, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Wills-1997">{{Cite news|last=Wills|first=Garry|date=January 19, 1997|title=The Clinton Principle|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/19/magazine/the-clinton-principle.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824024151/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/19/magazine/the-clinton-principle.html|archive-date=August 24, 2022|access-date=August 24, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Edsall|first=Thomas B.|date=June 28, 1998|title=Clinton and Blair envision a 'Third Way' international movement|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1998/06/28/clinton-and-blair-envision-a-third-way-international-movement/0bc00486-bd6d-4da4-a970-5255d7aa25d8/|newspaper=Washington Post|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127213150/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1998/06/28/clinton-and-blair-envision-a-third-way-international-movement/0bc00486-bd6d-4da4-a970-5255d7aa25d8/|archive-date=November 27, 2020|access-date=November 1, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Presiden [[Barack Obama]] mengawasi pengesahan [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]] pada tahun 2010, dan pada pemerintahan [[Joe Biden]], partai ini mendukung kebijakan ekonomi progresif.<ref name="Hacker-2024">{{Cite journal|last1=Hacker|first1=Jacob S.|last2=Malpas|first2=Amelia|last3=Pierson|first3=Paul|last4=Zacher|first4=Sam|date=2024|title=Bridging the Blue Divide: The Democrats' New Metro Coalition and the Unexpected Prominence of Redistribution|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/bridging-the-blue-divide-the-democrats-new-metro-coalition-and-the-unexpected-prominence-of-redistribution/3FD0D61D57DB06630D9046DC9348159D|journal=Perspectives on Politics|language=en|pages=1–21|doi=10.1017/S1537592723002931|issn=1537-5927|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913230048/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/bridging-the-blue-divide-the-democrats-new-metro-coalition-and-the-unexpected-prominence-of-redistribution/3FD0D61D57DB06630D9046DC9348159D|archive-date=September 13, 2024|access-date=December 27, 2023|doi-access=free|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Gerstle2022">{{cite book|last=Gerstle|first=Gary|date=2022|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-neoliberal-order-9780197519646?cc=us&lang=en&|title=The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order: America and the World in the Free Market Era|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0197519646|quote=The most sweeping account of how neoliberalism came to dominate American politics for nearly a half century before crashing against the forces of Trumpism on the right and a new progressivism on the left.|author-link=Gary Gerstle|access-date=August 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626220259/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-neoliberal-order-9780197519646?cc=us&lang=en&|archive-date=June 26, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>
Pada masa kini di [[Amerika Serikat]], partai ini dikenal dengan partai yang lebih "[[liberalisme|liberal]]". Pada [[Pemilihan Umum Amerika Serikat]] tahun 2016, Partai Demokrat dikalahkan oleh [[Partai Republik]] dalam segala bidang, baik di kursi parlemen maupun pemilihan [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|presiden]].
Namun, pada tahun 2019 di [[Kongres Amerika Serikat|Kongres Amerika Serikat ke-116]], Partai Demokrat memenangkan kursi mayoritas di parlemen dan terpilihnya [[Nancy Pelosi]] sebagai [[Ketua Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Amerika Serikat]].
== Struktur ==
=== Komite Nasional ===
[[Komite Nasional Partai Demokrat|Komite Nasional Demokrat]] (DNC) bertanggung jawab untuk mempromosikan kegiatan kampanye Demokrat. Meskipun DNC bertanggung jawab mengawasi proses penulisan Platform Demokratis, DNC lebih fokus pada kampanye dan strategi organisasi dibandingkan kebijakan publik. Dalam pemilihan presiden, ia mengawasi [[Konvensi Nasional Demokrat]]. Konvensi nasional tunduk pada piagam partai dan kewenangan tertinggi dalam Partai Demokrat ketika sedang berlangsung, dengan DNC menjalankan organisasi partai pada waktu lain. DNC saat ini diketuai oleh [[Jaime Harrison]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=DNC Chairman Jaime Harrison wants to Build the Next Generation of Democratic Talents|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/01/22/959573611/dnc-chairman-jaime-harrison-wants-to-build-the-next-generation-of-democratic-tal|website=NPR}}</ref>
=== Komite Partai Negara Bagian ===
Setiap negara bagian juga memiliki komite negara bagian, yang terdiri dari anggota komite terpilih serta anggota komite ex officio (biasanya pejabat terpilih dan perwakilan dari daerah pemilihan utama), yang pada gilirannya memilih seorang ketua. Komite kabupaten, kota kecil, kota besar, dan kelurahan umumnya terdiri dari individu-individu yang dipilih di tingkat lokal. Komite tingkat negara bagian dan lokal sering kali mengkoordinasikan kegiatan kampanye di wilayah hukum mereka, mengawasi konvensi lokal, dan dalam beberapa kasus pemilihan pendahuluan atau kaukus, dan mungkin mempunyai peran dalam mencalonkan kandidat untuk jabatan terpilih berdasarkan undang-undang negara bagian. Jarang sekali mereka memiliki dana yang besar, namun pada tahun 2005 Ketua DNC Dean memulai sebuah program (disebut "Strategi 50 Negara") yang menggunakan dana nasional DNC untuk membantu semua negara pihak dan membayar staf profesional penuh waktu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gilgoff|first=Dan|date=2012|title=Dean's List|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709100930/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/060716/24dems.htm|journal=US News|language=}}</ref>
== Sejarah Elektoral ==
=== Wakil Partai dalam Pemilu Presiden Amerika Serikat : 1828–sekarang ===
{|class="sortable wikitable"
|-
!style="text-align:center;"|Tahun<br />Pemilu
!Tiket Kepresidenan
!Suara Pemilihan umum
!% Suara Pemilihan
!Kolese Elektoral Amerika Serikat
!+/–
!Hasil
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1828]]
|[[Andrew Jackson]]/[[John C. Calhoun]]
|style="text-align:center;"|642,553
|style="text-align:center;"|56.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|178|261|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}178
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1832]]
|[[Andrew Jackson]]/[[Martin Van Buren]]
|style="text-align:center;"|701,780
|style="text-align:center;"|54.2
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|219|286|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}41
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1836]]
|[[Martin Van Buren]]/[[Richard Mentor Johnson]]
|style="text-align:center;"|764,176
|style="text-align:center;"|50.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|170|294|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}49
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1840]]
|[[Martin Van Buren]]/''Kosong''{{efn|While there was no official Democratic nominee, the majority of the Democratic electors still cast their electoral votes for incumbent Vice President [[Richard Mentor Johnson]].}}
|style="text-align:center;"|1,128,854
|style="text-align:center;"|46.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|60|294|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}110
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1844]]
|[[James K. Polk]]/[[George M. Dallas]]
|style="text-align:center;"|1,339,494
|style="text-align:center;"|49.5
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|170|275|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}110
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1848]]
|[[Lewis Cass]]/[[William O. Butler]]
|style="text-align:center;"|1,223,460
|style="text-align:center;"|42.5
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|127|290|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}43
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1852]]
|[[Franklin Pierce]]/[[William R. King]]
|style="text-align:center;"|1,607,510
|style="text-align:center;"|50.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|254|296|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}127
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1856]]
|[[James Buchanan]]/[[John C. Breckinridge]]
|style="text-align:center;"|1,836,072
|style="text-align:center;"|45.3
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|174|296|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}80
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1860]]
|[[Stephen A. Douglas]]/[[Herschel Vespasian Johnson|Herschel V. Johnson]]
|style="text-align:center;"|1,380,202
|style="text-align:center;"|29.5
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|12|303|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}162
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1864]]
|[[George B. McClellan]]/[[George H. Pendleton]]
|style="text-align:center;"|1,812,807
|style="text-align:center;"|45.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|21|233|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}9
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1868]]
|[[Horatio Seymour]]/[[Francis Preston Blair Jr.]]
|style="text-align:center;"|2,706,829
|style="text-align:center;"|47.3
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|80|294|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}59
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1872]]
|[[Horace Greeley]]/[[Benjamin G. Brown]] ([[Liberal Republican Party (United States)|Liberal Republican]])
|style="text-align:center;"|2,834,761
|style="text-align:center;"|43.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|69|352|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}11
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1876]]
|[[Samuel J. Tilden]]/[[Thomas A. Hendricks]]
|style="text-align:center;"|4,288,546
|style="text-align:center;"|50.9
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|184|369|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}115
|{{kalah}}{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Although Tilden won a majority of the popular vote, Republican [[Rutherford B. Hayes]] won a majority of votes in the Electoral College.}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1880]]
|[[Winfield Scott Hancock]]/[[William H. English]]
|style="text-align:center;"|4,444,260
|style="text-align:center;"|48.2
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|155|369|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}29
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1884]]
|[[Grover Cleveland]]/[[Thomas A. Hendricks]]
|style="text-align:center;"|4,914,482
|style="text-align:center;"|48.9
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|219|401|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}64
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1888]]
|[[Grover Cleveland]]/[[Allen G. Thurman]]
|style="text-align:center;"|5,534,488
|style="text-align:center;"|48.6
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|168|401|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}51
|{{kalah}}{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Although Cleveland won a [[plurality (voting)|plurality]] of the popular vote, Republican [[Benjamin Harrison]] won a majority of votes in the Electoral College.}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1892]]
|[[Grover Cleveland]]/[[Adlai Stevenson I]]
|style="text-align:center;"|5,556,918
|style="text-align:center;"|46.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|277|444|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}109
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1896]]
|[[William Jennings Bryan]]/[[Arthur Sewall]]
|style="text-align:center;"|6,509,052
|style="text-align:center;"|46.7
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|176|447|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}101
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1900]]
|[[William Jennings Bryan]]/[[Adlai Stevenson I]]
|style="text-align:center;"|6,370,932
|style="text-align:center;"|45.5
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|155|447|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}21
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1904]]
|[[Alton B. Parker]]/[[Henry G. Davis]]
|style="text-align:center;"|5,083,880
|style="text-align:center;"|37.6
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|140|476|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}15
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1908]]
|[[William Jennings Bryan]]/[[John W. Kern]]
|style="text-align:center;"|6,408,984
|style="text-align:center;"|43.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|162|483|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}22
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1912]]
|[[Woodrow Wilson]]/[[Thomas R. Marshall]]
|style="text-align:center;"|6,296,284
|style="text-align:center;"|41.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|435|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}273
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1916]]
|[[Woodrow Wilson]]/[[Thomas R. Marshall]]
|style="text-align:center;"|9,126,868
|style="text-align:center;"|49.2
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|277|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}158
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1920]]
|[[James M. Cox]]/[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
|style="text-align:center;"|9,139,661
|style="text-align:center;"|34.2
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|127|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}150
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1924]]
|[[John W. Davis]]/[[Charles W. Bryan]]
|style="text-align:center;"|8,386,242
|style="text-align:center;"|28.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|136|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}9
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1928]]
|[[Al Smith]]/[[Joseph T. Robinson]]
|style="text-align:center;"|15,015,464
|style="text-align:center;"|40.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|87|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}49
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1932]]
|[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]/[[John Nance Garner]]
|style="text-align:center;"|22,821,277
|style="text-align:center;"|57.4
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|472|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}385
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1936]]
|[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]/[[John Nance Garner]]
|style="text-align:center;"|27,747,636
|style="text-align:center;"|60.8
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|523|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}51
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1940]]
|[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]/[[Henry A. Wallace]]
|style="text-align:center;"|27,313,945
|style="text-align:center;"|54.7
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|449|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}74
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1944]]
|[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]/[[Harry S. Truman]]
|style="text-align:center;"|25,612,916
|style="text-align:center;"|53.4
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|432|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}17
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1948]]
|[[Harry S. Truman]]/[[Alben W. Barkley]]
|style="text-align:center;"|24,179,347
|style="text-align:center;"|49.6
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|303|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}129
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1952]]
|[[Adlai Stevenson II]]/[[John Sparkman]]
|style="text-align:center;"|27,375,090
|style="text-align:center;"|44.3
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|89|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}214
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1956]]
|[[Adlai Stevenson II]]/[[Estes Kefauver]]
|style="text-align:center;"|26,028,028
|style="text-align:center;"|42.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|73|531|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}16
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1960]]
|[[John F. Kennedy]]/[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
|style="text-align:center;"|34,220,984
|style="text-align:center;"|49.7
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|303|537|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}230
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1964]]
|[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]/[[Hubert Humphrey]]
|style="text-align:center;"|43,127,041
|style="text-align:center;"|61.1
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|486|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}183
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1968]]
|[[Hubert Humphrey]]/[[Edmund Muskie]]
|style="text-align:center;"|31,271,839
|style="text-align:center;"|42.7
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|191|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}295
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1972]]
|[[George McGovern]]/[[Sargent Shriver]]
|style="text-align:center;"|29,173,222
|style="text-align:center;"|37.5
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|17|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}174
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1976]]
|[[Jimmy Carter]]/[[Walter Mondale]]
|style="text-align:center;"|40,831,881
|style="text-align:center;"|50.1
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|297|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}280
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1980]]
|[[Jimmy Carter]]/[[Walter Mondale]]
|style="text-align:center;"|35,480,115
|style="text-align:center;"|41.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|49|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}248
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1984]]
|[[Walter Mondale]]/[[Geraldine Ferraro]]
|style="text-align:center;"|37,577,352
|style="text-align:center;"|40.6
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|13|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}36
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1988]]
|[[Michael Dukakis]]/[[Lloyd Bentsen]]
|style="text-align:center;"|41,809,074
|style="text-align:center;"|45.6
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|111|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}98
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1992]]
|[[Bill Clinton]]/[[Al Gore]]
|style="text-align:center;"|44,909,806
|style="text-align:center;"|43.0
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|370|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}259
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1996]]
|[[Bill Clinton]]/[[Al Gore]]
|style="text-align:center;"|47,401,185
|style="text-align:center;"|49.2
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|379|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}9
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2000|2000]]
|[[Al Gore]]/[[Joe Lieberman]]
|style="text-align:center;"|50,999,897
|style="text-align:center;"|48.4
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|266|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}113
|{{kalah}}{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Although Gore won a [[plurality (voting)|plurality]] of the popular vote, Republican [[George W. Bush]] won a majority of votes in the Electoral College.}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2004|2004]]
|[[John Kerry]]/[[John Edwards]]
|style="text-align:center;"|59,028,444
|style="text-align:center;"|48.3
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|251|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}15
|{{kalah}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008|2008]]
|[[Barack Obama]]/[[Joe Biden]]
|style="text-align:center;"|69,498,516
|style="text-align:center;"|52.9
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|365|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}114
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2012|2012]]
|[[Barack Obama]]/[[Joe Biden]]
|style="text-align:center;"|65,915,795
|style="text-align:center;"|51.1
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|332|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}33
|{{won}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2016|2016]]
|[[Hillary Clinton]]/[[Tim Kaine]]
|style="text-align:center;"|65,853,514
|style="text-align:center;"|48.2
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|227|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{decrease}}105
|{{kalah}}{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Although Clinton won a [[plurality (voting)|plurality]] of the popular vote, Republican [[Donald Trump]] won a majority of votes in the Electoral College.}}
|-
|align=center|[[pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2020|2020]]
|[[Joe Biden]]/[[Kamala Harris]]
|style="text-align:center;"|81,268,924
|style="text-align:center;"|51.3
|style="text-align:left;"|{{Composition bar|306|538|hex={{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{increase}}79
|{{won}}
|}
== Lihat
* [[
== Catatan ==
{{notelist}}
{{notelist-ua}}
== Referensi ==
Baris 239 ⟶ 544:
{{United_States_topics}}
[[Kategori:Partai liberal|Demokrat (Amerika)]]
[[Kategori:Partai liberal sosial|Demokrat (Amerika)]]
[[Kategori:Partai progresif|Demokrat (Amerika)]]
[[Kategori:Partai politik di Amerika Serikat|Demokrat]]
[[Kategori:Partai Demokrat]]
|