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{{Infobox Writerwriter
| name = Toni Morrison
| image = Toni Morrison 2008.jpg
| caption = Morrison tahun 1998
| awards = {{unbulleted list|[[Presidential Medal of Freedom]]|[[National Humanities Medal]]|[[Nobel Prize in Literature]]|[[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1931|2|18|mf=y}}
| birth_name = Chloe Ardelia Wofford
| birth_place = [[Lorain]], [[Ohio]], [[AS]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1931|2|18|mf=y}}<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/04/14/us/toni-morrison-fast-facts/index.html |title=Toni Morrison Fast Facts |work=CNN |access-date=February 16, 2018}}</ref>
| death_date =
| birth_place = [[Lorain, Ohio]], A.S.
| death_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|2019|08|05|1931|2|18}}
| occupation = [[Novelis]], [[penyunting]]
| genredeath_place = [[Literatur]]Montefiore [[Afrika-AmerikaMedical Center]]
| alma_mater = [[Universitas Howard]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Universitas Cornell]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])
| movement =
| genre = [[Sastra Amerika Serikat]]
| notableworks = ''[[Beloved]]'', ''[[Song of Solomon]]''
| notableworks = {{Unbulleted list|''[[Beloved (novel)|Beloved]]''|''[[Song of Solomon (novel)|Song of Solomon]]''|''[[The Bluest Eye]]''}}
| awards = {{awd|[[Nobel Prize in Literature]]|1993}} <!-- do not add image icons such as nobel peace, see [[:Template:Infobox writer]] -->
| signature = Toni Morrison (signature).svg
| influences = [[James Baldwin]], [[William Faulkner]], [[Doris Lessing]], [[Herman Melville]]
| influenced = [[bell hooks]] <!-- lowercase spelling is correct -->, [[Octavia Butler]]
| signature = TMorrisonsignature.JPG
}}
'''Toni Morrison''' (terlahirlahir dengan nama '''Chloe Ardelia Wofford''',<ref name=":0">{{cite book |title=The Identifying Fictions of Toni Morrison: Modernist Authenticity and Postmodern Blackness |last=Duvall |first=John N. |year=2000 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-312-23402-7 |page=38 |quote=After all the published biographical information on Morrison agrees that her full name is Chloe Anthony Wofford, so that the adoption of 'Toni' padaas a substitute for 'Chloe' still honors her given name, if somewhat obliquely. Morrison's middle name, however, was not Anthony; her birth certificate indicates her full name as Chloe Ardelia Wofford, which reveals that Ramah and George Wofford named their daughter for her maternal grandmother, Ardelia Willis. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHbeC1I_aWUC&pg=PA38}}</ref> [[18 Februari]] [[1931]] di– [[Lorain,5 OhioAgustus 2019<ref>{{cite web|Lorain]],url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/08/toni-morrison-dead-at-88.html [[Ohio]],|title=Toni [[AS]]Morrison Dead at 88: Beloved Author Toni Morrison Has Died at 88 |last=Haylock |first=Zoe |date=2019-08-06 |website=vulture.com |access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref>) adalah seorang [[penulis]] [[Afrika-Amerika]]. Romannya ''[[Beloved (novel)|Beloved]]'' mengantarkannya memenangkan [[Penghargaan Pulitzer]] pada [[1988]]. Pada [[1993]] ia dianugerahi [[Hadiah Nobel dalam Sastra]], dan merupakan tokoh pertama [[Afro-Amerika]] yang menerimanya.<ref name="NYT Obit2">{{cite news|last=Fox|first=Margalit|author-link=Margalit Fox|date=August 6, 2019|title=Toni Morrison, Towering Novelist of the Black Experience, Dies at 88|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/06/books/toni-morrison-dead.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref>
 
== BibliografiKarya ==
=== Novel ===
*[[1970]] - ''[[The Bluest Eyes]]''
* {{cite book |title= [[The Bluest Eye]] |date= 1970 |isbn= 0-452-28706-5 }}
*[[1973]] - ''[[Sula (novel)|Sula]]''
* {{cite book |title= [[Sula (novel)|Sula]] |date= 1973 |isbn= 1-4000-3343-8 }}
*[[1977]] - ''[[Song of Solomon]]''
* {{cite book|title=[[Song of Solomon (Novel)|Song of Solomon]]|last=|first=|date=1977|publisher=|isbn=1-4000-3342-X|location=|pages=|url-status=live}}
*[[1987]] - ''[[Beloved (novel)|Beloved]]''
* {{cite book|title=[[Tar Baby (Novel)|Tar Baby]]|last=|first=|date=1981|publisher=|isbn=1-4000-3344-6|location=|pages=|url-status=live}}
*[[1992]] - ''[[Jazz (novel)|Jazz]]''
* {{cite book |title= [[Beloved (novel)|Beloved]] |date= 1987 |isbn= 1-4000-3341-1 }}
*[[2003]] - ''[[Love (novel Toni Morrison)|Love]]''
* {{cite book|title=[[Jazz (Novel)|Jazz]]|last=|first=|date=1992|publisher=|isbn=1-4000-7621-8|location=|pages=|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book |title= [[Paradise (novel)|Paradise]] |date= 1997 |isbn= 0-679-43374-0 }}
* {{cite book |title= [[Love (novel Morrison)|Love]] |date= 2003 |isbn= 0-375-40944-0 }}
* {{cite book |title= [[A Mercy]] |date= 2008 |isbn= 978-0-307-26423-7 }}
* {{cite book |title= [[Home (novel Morrison)|Home]] |date= 2012 |isbn= 0307594165 }}
* {{cite book |title= [[God Help the Child]] |date= 2015 |isbn= 0307594173 }}
 
=== Buku anak (bersama Slade Morrison) ===
* ''The Big Box'' (1999)
* ''The Book of Mean People'' (2002)
* ''Who's Got Game? The Ant or the Grasshopper?, The Lion or the Mouse?, Poppy or the Snake?'' (2007)
* ''Peeny Butter Fudge'' (2009)
* ''Please, Louise'' (2014)
 
=== Cerita pendek ===
* "[[Recitatif]]" (1983)
* "Sweetness" (2015)<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/02/09/sweetness-2</ref>
 
=== Drama ===
* ''[[Dreaming Emmett]]'' (dipentaskan 1986)
* [[Desdemona (drama)|''Desdemona'']] (pertama dipentaskan 15 Mei 2011 di [[Wina]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.festwochen.at/index.php?id=eventdetail&L=1&detail=629 |title=Wiener Festwochen: Desdemona |publisher=Festwochen.at |accessdate=May 30, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318014754/http://www.festwochen.at/index.php?id=eventdetail&L=1&detail=629 |archivedate=March 18, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.expatica.com/be/leisure/arts_culture/Desdemona-project_17437.html|title=Toni Morrison's Desdemona delivers a haunting, powerful "re-membering"|last=Thiessen|first=Erin Russell|date=May 26, 2011|accessdate=October 20, 2011|archive-date=2013-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905121858/http://www.expatica.com/be/leisure/arts_culture/Desdemona-project_17437.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/10/19/DDUE1LGVNH.DTL|title=Toni Morrison adds twist to 'Desdemona'|last=Winn|first=Steven |date=October 20, 2011|accessdate=October 21, 2011}}</ref>
 
=== Libretto ===
* ''[[Margaret Garner (opera)|Margaret Garner]]'' (pertama dipentaskan Mei 2005)
 
=== Non-fiksi ===
* ''The Black Book'' (1974)
* ''[[Playing in the Dark (novel)|Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination]]'' (1992)
* ''Race-ing Justice, En-gendering Power: Essays on Anita Hill, Clarence Thomas, and the Construction of Social Reality'' (editor) (1992)
* ''Birth of a Nation'hood: Gaze, Script, and Spectacle in the O.J. Simpson Case'' (co-editor) (1997)
* ''Remember: The Journey to School Integration'' (April 2004)
* ''What Moves at the Margin: Selected Nonfiction'', edited by Carolyn C. Denard (April 2008)
* ''[[Burn This Book: PEN Writers Speak Out on the Power of the Word]]'', editor (2009)
* ''The Origin of Others'' (2017)
* ''The Source of Self-Regard: Essays, Speeches, Meditations'' (2019)
 
=== Artikel ===
* "Introduction." Mark Twain, ''Adventures of Huckleberry Finn''. [1885] ''The Oxford Mark Twain'', disunting oleh [[Shelley Fisher Fishkin]]. New York: [[Oxford University Press]], 1996, pp. xxxii–xli.
 
== Lihat pula ==
{{Portal|Afrika Amerika|Biografi|Sastra|Toni Morrison}}
* [[Sastra Amerika Serikat]]
* [[Sastra Afrika-Amerika]]
* [[Pemenang Hadiah Nobel kulit hitam]]
* [[Daftar perempuan pemenang Nobel]]
 
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{wikiquote}}
* {{cite journal| url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1888/the-art-of-fiction-no-134-toni-morrison| title=Toni Morrison, The Art of Fiction No. 134| author= Claudia Brodsky Lacour, Elissa Schappell| date=Fall 1993| work=[[The Paris Review]] }}
* [http://www.kcrw.com/etc/programs/bw Bookworm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607063918/http://www.kcrw.com/etc/programs/bw |date=2014-06-07 }} Interviews (Audio) with [[Michael Silverblatt]]: [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison-1/ October 1998] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102003024/http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison-1/ |date=2016-01-02 }}, [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison/ February 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527061315/http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison/ |date=2016-05-27 }}, [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison-part-i/ January 2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045908/http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison-part-i/ |date=2016-03-04 }}, [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison-part-ii/ January 2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102003024/http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/toni-morrison-part-ii/ |date=2016-01-02 }}
* [http://www.visionaryproject.com/morrisontoni Toni Morrison's oral history video excerpts] at The National Visionary Leadership Project
* [http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=3214 Literary Encyclopedia biography]
* [http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/morrison_toni.html Voices from the Gaps biography]
* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1993/# The Nobel Prize in Literature 1993]
* [http://www.randomhouse.com.au/Authors/Default.aspx?Page=Author&ID=Morrison,%20Toni Toni Morrison at Random House Australia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726080411/http://www.randomhouse.com.au/Authors/Default.aspx?Page=Author&ID=Morrison,%20Toni |date=2008-07-26 }}
* {{C-SPAN|tonimorrison}}
** [http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/ToniM ''In Depth'' interview with Morrison, February 4, 2001]
* {{Charlie Rose view|1690}}
* {{IMDb name|0607339}}
* {{Guardian topic}}
* {{NYTtopic|people/m/toni_morrison}}
* {{Worldcat id|lccn-n80-131379}}
* {{OL author|id=OL31120A}}
* [http://www.tonimorrisonsociety.org/ Toni Morrison Society] based at Oberlin College
* [http://www.cornell.edu/video/toni-morrison-on-language-evil-and-the-white-gaze Toni Morrison "Reading the Writing: A Conversation with Toni Morrison"] (Cornell University video,
{{Authority control}}March 7, 2013)
 
{{Toni Morrison}}
{{Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra 1976-2000}}
{{Penerima Penghargaan Nobel 1993}}
{{bio-stub}}
{{PulitzerPrize Fiction 1976–2000}}
{{Ohio Women's Hall of Fame}}
 
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