Dialek Zhangzhou: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(7 revisi perantara oleh 4 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
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{{Infobox language
|name=Hokkien<br>{{small|Dialek Zhangzhou}}
|nativename={{lang|zh-Hant|漳州話}} / {{lang|zh-Hans|漳州话}} (Chiang-chiu-ōa)
|pronunciation={{IPA|[tsiaŋ˨ tsiu˨ ua˨]}}
Baris 34 ⟶ 31:
Bagian ini kebanyakan berasal dari data yang diperoleh dari varietas yang dituturkan di area perkotaan Zhangzhou.
 
===Konsonan ininisalinisial===
Terdapat 15 inisial fonemik dalam dialek ini, yaitu:{{sfn|Zhangzhou City Local Chronicles Editorial Board|1999|loc=ch. 1, sec. 1}}
 
Baris 69 ⟶ 66:
Saat rima dari fonem disengaukan, tiga fonem bersuara {{IPA|/b/}}, {{IPA|/l/}} dan {{IPA|/g/}} dilepaskan sebagai sengauan {{IPAblink|m}}, {{IPAblink|n}} and {{IPAblink|ŋ}}.{{sfn|Zhangzhou City Local Chronicles Editorial Board|1999|loc=ch. 1, sec. 1}}{{sfn|Gao|2001|p=110}}
 
Tempat artikulasi untuk fonem rongga-gigi {{IPA|/ts/}}, {{IPA|/tsʰ/}}, {{IPA|/s/}} dan {{IPA|/dz/}} diletakkan lebih kebelakangke belakang diantara posisi lidah saat mengucapkan {{IPA|[ts]}} dengan {{IPA|[tɕ]}}, sedangkan palatalisasi untuk fonem ini biasanya terdapat sebelum rima yang dimulai dengan {{IPA|/i/}}, sebagai contoh {{lang|zh|入}} {{IPA|[d͡ʑip̚]}}.{{sfn|Zhangzhou City Local Chronicles Editorial Board|1999|loc=ch. 1, sec. 1}}{{sfn|Gao|2001|p=110}}
 
===Rima===
Baris 258 ⟶ 255:
 
===Nada sandhi===
Dialek Zhangzhou memiliki sembilan hukum bacaanaturan nada sandhi dan hanya suku kata dan klausa terakhir yang nadanya tidak berubah karena adanya hukum bacaanaturan nada sandhi. HukumAturan bacaannada sandhi tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:{{sfn|Zhangzhou City Local Chronicles Editorial Board|1999|loc=ch. 1, sec. 2}}
 
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==Referensi==
{{Reflist}}
==Materi pelajaran ==
* [http://www.mnnwh.com/zzmnyky Pelajaran Bahasa Hokkien Zhangzhou]
 
==Daftar pustaka==
* {{cite book|last=Cheng|first=Chin-Chuan|editor-last=Ting|editor-first=Pang-Hsin|title=Contemporary Studies in Min Dialects|series=Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series|volume=14|date=1999|pages=229–246|chapter=Quantitative Studies in Min Dialects|issue=14|publisher=Chinese University Press, Project on Linguistic Analysis|jstor=23833469}}
Baris 324 ⟶ 325:
* {{cite book|last=Gao|first=Ran|script-chapter=zh:漳州方言音系略说|trans-chapter=A Note on the Phonology of the Zhangzhou Dialect|editor=Minnan Fangyan Research Laboratory|script-title=zh:闽南方言·漳州话研究|trans-title=Min Nan Fangyan: Research on the Zhangzhou Dialect|date=2001|publisher=中国文联出版社|location=Beijing|pages=109–116}}
* {{cite journal|last=Hirayama|first=Hisao|script-title=zh:厦门话古调值的内部构拟|trans-title=Internal Reconstruction of the Ancient Tone Values of the Xiamen Dialect|journal=Journal of Chinese Linguistics|volume=3|issue=1|pages=3–15|date=1975|jstor=23749860|language=zh}}
* {{cite book|editor-last=Huang|editor1-first=Diancheng|script-title=zh:福建省志·方言志|date=1998|publisher={{lang|zh|方言出版社}}|location=Beijing|isbn=7-80122-279-2|language=zh|url=http://www.fjsq.gov.cn/frmBokkList.aspx?key=EB9AF028BB104E8195DABE2C43C7D437|access-date=2022-04-07|archive-date=2019-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210215046/http://www.fjsq.gov.cn/frmBokkList.aspx?key=EB9AF028BB104E8195DABE2C43C7D437|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite thesis|last=Huang|first=Yishan|title=Tones in Zhangzhou: Pitch and Beyond|type=PhD|date=2018|publisher=Australian National University|url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/144938/1/Yishan%20Huang_Thesis_2018.pdf}}
* {{cite journal|last=Lin|first=Baoqing|script-title=zh:漳州方言词汇(一)|trans-title=Vocabulary of the Zhangzhou Dialect (1)|journal=Fangyan|issue=2|pages=151–160|language=zh|date=1992}}
Baris 331 ⟶ 332:
* {{cite journal|last=Tung|first=Tung-ho|date=1959|script-title=zh:四個閩南方言|trans-title=Four South Min Dialects|journal=Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology|volume=30|pages=729–1042}}
* {{cite journal|last=Yang|first=Xiu-ming|script-title=zh:漳州方言阴平调的调形特点与历史演变|trans-title=Traits of Yin-ping Tone of Zhangzhou Dialect and the Historical Evolution|journal=Journal of Minnan Normal University (Philosophy & Social Sciences)|issue=3|pages=45–52|language=zh|date=2014|doi=10.16007/j.cnki.issn2095-7114.2014.03.042}}
* {{cite book|editor=Zhangzhou City Local Chronicles Editorial Board|title=Zhangzhou Shizhi|script-title=zh:漳州市志|trans-title=Zhangzhou Annals|url=http://www.fjsq.gov.cn/frmBokkList.aspx?key=FCC4397159434483829F9ED5619CC381|volume=49: {{lang|zh|方言}}|publisher=China Social Sciences Press|location=Beijing|year=1999|isbn=978-7-5004-2625-7|language=zh|access-date=2022-04-07|archive-date=2019-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210215356/http://www.fjsq.gov.cn/frmBokkList.aspx?key=FCC4397159434483829F9ED5619CC381|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite book|last=Zhou|first=Changji|script-title=zh:中国语言地图集|trans-title={{w|Language Atlas of China}}|date=2012|publisher=Commercial Press|location=Beijing|isbn=978-7-100-07054-6|pages=110–115|edition=2nd|language=zh|volume={{lang|zh|汉语方言卷}}|script-chapter=zh:B1—15、16 闽语}}
{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}
Baris 337 ⟶ 338:
{{Chinese language}}
 
[[CategoryKategori:Fujian]]
[[CategoryKategori:Dialek bahasaBahasa Hokkien]]
[[CategoryKategori:Zhangzhou]]