Pengguna:Bennylin/Linguistik: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
__TOC__
== Istilah linguistik ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
Baris 65 ⟶ 67:
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|afasia, disfasia
|aphasia
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Baris 73 ⟶ 75:
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|afektif, emotif
|affective, emotive
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|aferesis, afesis
Baris 537 ⟶ 539:
|kritik naskah
|apparatus criticus
|editio maior
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|apraksia
|apraxia
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|aprosodi, disprosodi
|aprosody, dysprosody
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Baris 688 ⟶ 694:
|initiation
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|-
|colspan="3"|B
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|bagian kalimat
|sentence part
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|bahasa
|language
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|bahasawan
|native speaker
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|bangun
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|konstruksi
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|barbarisme
|barbarism
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|basa|| ||
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|basa-basi|| ||
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|BASIC English
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|basilek
|basilect
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|batas kata
|word boundary
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|batas pendengaran teratas
|treshold of pain
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|batas pendengaran terendah
|treshold of hearing
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|batas variasi alfonis
|margin of security
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|beban komunikasi
|communication load
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|beban tugas (berat/ringan)
|(high/low) functional load, functional yield
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|bebas konteks
|context-free
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|bêche-la-mar
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|behaviorisme
|behaviorism
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|beku
|formulaic, fossilized, stereotyped
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|bel
|bel
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|belakang
|back
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|benefaktif
|benefactive
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|bentuk
|form
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|berat
|heavy
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|berita
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|pernyataan
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|berkas isoglos
|bundle of isoglosses
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|bermakna
|meaningful
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|bernyawa
|animate
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|bersuara
|voiced
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|bersuara lw tak bersuara
|voice vs voiceless
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|bertahap
|gradable
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|bertutur, bicara
|speaking
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|betina, feminin
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|betul-salah
|corectness
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|bidal
|(maxim)
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|bidal percakapan
|maxims of conversation
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|bidang makna
|semantic area
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|bidialektal
|bidialectal
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|bidialektisme
|bidialectism
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|bi-ekuatif
|bi-equative
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|bi-intransitif
|bi-intransitive
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|bikulturalisme
|biculturalism
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|bilabial
|bilabial
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|bilabio-dental
|bilabio-dental
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|bilangan
|number
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|bilangan pokok
|cardinal number
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|bilangan tingkat
|ordinal number
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|bilingual
|bilingual
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|bilingualisme
|bilingualism
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|binding theory
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|biner
|binary
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|binomial
|binomial
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|biolinguistik
|biolinguistics, biological linguistics
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|bisemi
|bisemy
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|bisik
|whisper
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|bising, gangguan
|noise
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|bitransitif
|bitransitive
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|bounding theory
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|braille|| ||
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|brakilogi
|brachylogy
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|brêve
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|bundar
|rounded
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|bundar lw tak bundar
|rounded vs non-rounded
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|bunyi
|sound
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|buta huruf
|illiteracy
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|cabang
|branch
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|cacat bahasa
|speech defeect, speech disorder, speech impediment
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|cakra|| ||
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|campur kode
|code mixing
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|candrasangkala
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|cara artikulasi
|manner of articulation, mode of articulation
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|carakan|| ||
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|caret
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|cecak|| ||
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|cedal
|lamdacism, lamdaism
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|cedilla
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|ceklik
|click
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|chômeur
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|ciri I
|feature
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|ciri II|| ||
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|codex unicus
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|competence vs performance
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|construtio ad sensum
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|control theory
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|dakhil
|covert
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|daktilologi
|dactylology
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|dammah|| ||
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|dasar
|base
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|dasar terikat
|bound stem
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|daun lidah
|blade
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|daya ilokusi
|illocutionary force
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|daya kemampuan gramatika
|power of grammars
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|de-ajektival
|de-adjectival
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|de-etimologisasi
|de-etymologisation
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|definiendum
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|-
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|definiens
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|definisi
|definition
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|defleksi
|deflection, deflexion
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|defonologisasi
|defonologization
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|deiksis
|deixis
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|deiktis
|deictic
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|deklaratif
|declarative
|modus indikatif
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|deklinasi
|declension
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|deklinasi kuat
|strong declension, indefinite declension
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|deklinasi lemah
|weak declension, definite declension
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|dekonstruksi
|decostruction
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|dekreolisasi
|decreolization
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|delabialisasi
|delabialisation, unrounding, lip srpeading
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|demografi bahasa
|linguistic demography
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|demonstrativa
|demonstrative
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|demonstrativa ekstratekstual
|(extratextual demonstrative)
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|demonstrativa intratekstual
|(intratextual demonstrative)
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|demotik
|demotic
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|denasalisasi
|denasalisation
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|denominal, denominatif
|denominal, denominative
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|denotasi
|denotation
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|dental
|dental
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|depalatalisasi
|depalatalisation
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|dependensi
|dependency
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|dependensi mutual
|mutual dependency
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|dependensi unilateral
|unilateral dependency
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|deret
|sequence
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|derivasi
|derivation
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|derivasi balik
|back formation, inverse derivation
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|derivasi zero
|zero derivation
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|desibel
|decibel
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|desinens
|desinence
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|deskripsi struktur
|structural description
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|deskriptivisme
|descriptivism
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|determinator
|determiner
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|determinator umum
|indefinite determiner
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|deverbal, deverbatif
|deverbal, deverbative
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|diadokokinesis
|diadochokinesis
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|diaresis
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|trema
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|diafon
|diaphone
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|diagram pohon
|tree diagram
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|diagram silsilah
|family tree
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|diakritik
|diacritic, diacritical sign
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|diakronis
|diachronic
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|dialek
|dialect
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|dialektal
|dialectal
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|dialektologi
|dialectology
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|dialektologi kota
|urban dialectology
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|dialinguistik
|dialinguistics
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|diamorf
|diamorph
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|diasistem
|diasystem
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|diatesis
|voice
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|diatipe
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|ragam bahasa
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|diatopik
|diatopic
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|diferensial semantis
|semanti differential
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|diftong
|diphthong
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|diftongisasi
|diphthongisation
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|difusi
|diffusion
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|difusi leksikal
|lexical diffusion
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|diglosia
|diglossia
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|digraf
|digraph
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|diksi
|diction
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|diminutif
|diminutive
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|dina
|dyne
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|dinamisme komunikatif
|communicative dynamism
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|dipalatalisasikan
|palatalised consonant, soft-consonant
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|diplomatika
|diplomatics
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|diptotos
|diptote
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|disambiguasi
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|pengawataksaan
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|disartria
|dysarthia
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|disilabis
|disyllabic
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|disimilasi
|dissimilation
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|disjungsi
|disjunction
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|disjungtif
|disjunctive
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|dislalia
|dyslalia
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|disleksia
|dyslexia
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|disonansi
|dissonance
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|disprosodi
|dysprosody
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|disritmia
|dysrhythmia
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|distingtif
|distinctive, functional, contrastive, relevant, significant
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|distribusi
|distribution
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|distribusi komplementer
|complementary distribution
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|distribusionalisme
|distribusionalism
|analisis distribusi
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|ditransitif
|ditransitive
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|divergensi
|divergence, dialectalisation
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|dominasi
|domination
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|dorsal
|dorsal
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|dorsum
|dorsum
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|dualis
|dual
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|dualisme semantis
|dualist theory of meaning, dyadic theory of meaning
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|dualitas struktur
|duality of structur
|artikulasi ganda
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|dvanda
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|dvigu
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|edisi kritis
|critical edition
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|edition maior
|apparatus criticus
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|efisiensi
|efficiency
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|egresif
|egressive
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|eja
|spell out
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|ejaan
|spelling
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|ejektif
|ejective
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|ekabahasa
|monolingual
|monolingual
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|ekolalia
|echolalia
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|ekologi bahasa
|ecology of language
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|eksaminasi
|examination
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|eksegesis
|exegesis
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|eksofasia
|exophasia
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|eksofora
|exophora
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|eksonim|| ||
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|eksosentris
|exocentric
|frase eksosentris, konstruksi eksosentris
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|eksplikatur|| ||
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|eksplisit
|explicit
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|eksplosif
|explosive
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|ekstensi
|extention
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|ekstraposisi
|extraposition
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|ekuatif
|equative
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|ekuivalensi
|equivalence
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|ekuivalensi dinamis
|dynamic equivalence
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|elektro-aerometer
|electro-aerometer
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|elektrokimograf
|electrokymograph
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|elektrolaringograf
|electrolaryngograph
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|elektromiografi
|electromyography
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|elektropalatograf
|elektropalatograph
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|elisis
|ellipsis
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|eliptis
|elliptical
|kalimat eliptis
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|elisi
|elision
|afesis, sinkope, apokope
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|embolalia
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|emendasi
|emendation
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|emik lw etik
|emic vs etik
|etik dan emik
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|empati bunyi
|phonetic empathy
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|empirisme
|empiricism
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|endofasia
|endophasia, internal speech
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|endofora
|endophora
|anafora, katafora
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|endosentris
|endocentric
|frase endosentris, konstruksi endosentris
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|enklisis
|enclisis
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|enklitik
|enclitic
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|ensiklopedia
|encyclopaedia
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|entri
|entry, vocabulary entry
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|epanalepsis
|epanalepsis
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|epentesis
|epenthesis, excrescent
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|epifora
|epiphora
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|epiglotis
|epiglottis
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|epigrafi
|epigraphy
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|epistemologi
|epistemology
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|eponim
|eponym
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|ergatif
|ergative
|kasus ergatif
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|ergatif-absolut, ergativitas
|ergative-absolute, ergativity
|kasus ergatif
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|ergativitas terpisah
|split ergativity
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|
|'etat de langue
|dialek temporal
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|etik dan emik
|etic & emic
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|etimologi
|etimology
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|etimologi rakyat
|folk etimology
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|etimon
|etymon
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|etnografi komunikasi
|ethnography of communication
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|etnolinguistik
|ethnolinguistics
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|etnometodologi
|ethnomethodology
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|eufemisme
|euphemism
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|eufoni
|euphony
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|eusistolisme|| ||
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|evaluasi
|evaluation measure
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|exordium
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|extended standard theory
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|}
prefiks->awalan
konfiks->ambifiks
sufiks->akhiran
== ejaan ==
*Ejaan Baru Bahasa Indonesia
*Ejaan Baru Bahasa Malaysia
*Ejaan Fajar Asia
*Ejaan Melindo
*Ejaan Pembaharuan
*Ejaan Republik/Suwandi
*Ejaan van Ophuijsen
*Ejaan Wilkinson
*Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan
*Ejaan Za'ba
*ejaan etimologi - etymological spelling
*ejaan fonemis - phonemic spelling
*ejaan fonetis - phonetic spelling
== dorsal ==
*dorso-alveolar
*dorso-palatal
*dorso-uvular
*dorso-velar
== disimilasi ==
*disimilasi dekat = contiguous dissimilation, juxtapositional dissimilation
*disimilasi jauh - incontiguous dissimilation, distant dissimilation
*disimilasi progresif - progressive dissimilation
*disimilasi regresif - regressive dissimilation, anticipatory dissimilation, retrogressive dissimilation
== diftong ==
*diftong lebar - wide diphythong
*diftong naik - ascending diphythong
*diftong sempit - narrow diphythong
*diftong turun - descending, diphthong, falling diphythong
== diatesis ==
*diatesis aktif - active voice
*diatesis medial - middle voice
*diatesis pasif - passive voice
*diatesis refleksif - reflexive voice
*diatesis resiprokal - recoprocal voice
== dialek ==
*dialek regional - regional dialect, geographical dialect
*dialek sosial - social dialect
*dialek temporal - state of language, temporal dialect
*dialek tinggi - prestige dialect
== definisi ==
*definisi nominal - nominal definition
*definisi ostensif - ostensive definition
*definisi riil - real definition
== ciri ==
*ciri akustis - acoustic feature
*ciri-ciri pembeda utama - major class features
*ciri-ciri prosodis - prosodic features
*ciri-ciri protensitas - protensity features
*ciri-ciri rongga - cavity features
*ciri-ciri sonoritas - sonority features
*ciri-ciri sumber - source features
*ciri-ciri tonalitas - tonality features
*ciri ekspresif - expressive feature
*ciri ekstralinguistis - extralinguistic feature
*ciri formal - formal feature
*ciri intralinguistis - intralinguistic feature
*ciri khas bahasa - genius
*ciri konfigurasi - configurational feature
*ciri korelasi - mark of correlation
*ciri lokal - provincialism
*ciri melimpah - redundant feature
*ciri nondistingtif - non-distinctive feature
*ciri prosodis / ciri suprasegmental - prosodic feature / suprasegmmental feature, secondary phoneme, secondar feature, prosodic feature, plurisegmental feature, multisegmental feature
*ciri sekunder - secondary feature
== bunyi ==
*bunyi alir / bunyi likuida - liquid
*bunyi bahasa - speech sound
*bunyi-bunyi homorgan - homorganic sounds
*bunyi desis - sibilant
*bunyi frikatif / bunyi geseran - fricative
*bunyi geletar - trill
*bunyi kembar - geminate
*bunyi letupan - plossive, stop ->hentian
*bunyi sampingan - lateral
*bunyi sengau - nasal
*bunyi sentuhan - flap
== bilingualisme ==
*bilingualisme kordinat - co-ordinate bilingualism
*bilingualisme majemuk - compound bilingualism
*bilingualisme subordinat - subordinate bilingualism
== bentuk ==
*bentuk akrab - intimate form
*bentuk alegro / alegro - allegro form
*bentuk antara - intermediate form
*bentuk asal - underlying form
*bentuk asing - alienism, foreignism, peregrinism, alien word
*bentuk asterisk / bentuk hipotesis - asterisk form, starred form
*bentuk bebas - free form
*bentuk dasar - basic alternant, base form, canonic form
*bentuk hormat - polite form
*bentuk kanonisi - canonic form
*bentuk kata - word form
*bentuk kembar - doublet
*bentuk lemah - weak form
*bentuk lento -lento form
*bentuk prototipe istilah - prototype form
*bentuk purba - proto-form
*bentuk sulih - pro-word, pro-form
*bentuk tegun - hesitation form
*bentuk terikat - bound form
*bentuk turunan I - derived form
*bentuk turunan II - transform
*bentuk verba infinit - non-finite verb form, infinite verb form
== bahasa ==
*bahasa aglutinatif - agglutinative language
*bahasa akusatif - accusative language
*bahasa alamiah - natural language
*bahasa analitis / bahasa isolatif - analytic language / isolating language, radical language
*bahasa antara - interlanguage
*bahasa antiergatif-absolut - antiergative-absolute language
*bahasa asing - foreign language
*bahasa baku / bahasa standar - standard language
*bahasa bangsawan
*bahasa berakar inflektif - root-inflected language
*bahasa berakar isolatif - root-isolating language
*bahasa berpangkal inflektif - stem-inflected language
*bahasa berprefiks - prefixing language
*bahasa bersufiks - suffixing language
*bahasa bertempo suku kata - syllabletimed language
*bahasa bertempo tekanan - stress-timed language
*bahasa berton / bahasa politonis - tone language /
*bahasa biasa / bahasa manusia - ordinary language / natural language
*bahasa buatan - artificial language, auxiliary language
*bahasa campuran - mixed language
*bahasa daerah - vernacular
*bahasa dagang / bahasa pasar - trade language
*bahasa dalam
*bahasa ergatif - ergative language
*bahasa étalon - étalon language
*bahasa flektif / bahasa inflektif - flectional language / inflected/inflectional language
*bahasa gaul / bahasa prokem
*bahasa gunung
*bahasa hidup - living language
*bahasa holofrastis - holophrastic language
*bahasa ibu / bahasa pertama- native language, mother language / first language
*bahasa imigran - immigrant language
*bahasa Indonesia
*bahasa induk - parent language, ancestor language
*bahasa inkorporatif - incorporative language, polysynthetic language
*bahasa Jawi
*bahasa kacukan
*bahasa kasar - vulgarism, vulgar language
*bahasa kedua - second language
*bahasa kentum - centum language
*bahasa kerabat - cognate language, related language, sister language
*bahasa kesat - abusive language
*bahasa kesusastraan - literary language -> ragam kesusastraan
*bahasa khusus - special language
*bahasa kiasan - figurative language
*bahasa klasik / bahasa klasik - classical language / old language
*bahasa konsonantis - consonantal language
*bahasa lisan -> ragam lisan
*bahasa madya - meso-language
*bahasa modern - modern language
*bahasa moyang - ancestor language, parent language
*bahasa nasional - national language
*bahasa nominatif-akusatif - nominative-accusative language
*bahasa nonstandar - nonstandard language
*bahasa obyek - object language, first-order language
*bahasa oksitonis - oxytonc language
*bahasa paroksitonis - paroxytonic language
*bahasa aktif / bahasa pemberi - active language / producer language
*bahasa (pasif) / bahasa penerima - (passive language) / consumer language
*bahasa persatuan
*bahasa pindahan - transplanted language
*bahasa pinggiran - peripheral language
*bahasa prokem
*bahasa purba - proto-language
*bahasa resmi - official language
*bahasa sasaran - receptor language, target language
*bahasa satem - satem language
*bahasa sintetis - synthetic language
*bahasa siul - whistle speech
*bahasa standar - standard language
*bahasa sumber - source language
*bahasa terbalik - backslang
*bahasa tulis -> ragam tulis
*bahasa turunan - descendand language, daughter language -> keluarga bahasa
*bahasa umum - common language, popular language
*bahasa vokalis - vocalic language
;basa
*basa alus
*basa antya - ngoko andhap
*basa bagongan / basa kedhaton - krama madya
*basa cohag
*basa ipun
*basa kasar
*basa lemes
*basa madya -> madya
*basa ngoko -> ngoko
*basa panengah
*basa sedeng
*basa singgih
== aspek ==
*aspek augmentatif - augmentative aspect
Baris 836 ⟶ 2.011:
*abjad Romawi - Roman alphabet - aksara Latin
== aliran ==
;aliran
*aliran Firth - Neo-Firthian linguistics, systemic grammar, scale-and-category grammar
Baris 850 ⟶ 2.026:
*aliran stratifikasi->gramatika stratifikasi
*aliran tagmemik->gramatika tagmemik
== dwi ==
*dwibahasa -> bilingual
*dwibina lingga
*dwilingga
*dwilingga bawa ma
*dwilingga salin swara
*dwimaya lingga
*dwipurwa
*dwipurwa wisesana lingga
*dwisama lingga
*dwisamatra lingga
*dwiwasana
== Tokoh linguistik ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Nama belakang!!Nama depan!!Tahun
|-
|Adriani
|Nicolaus
|1865-1926
|-
|Ali Hafi bin Raja Ahmad
|Raja
|1809-1870
|-
|Alisjahbana
|Sutan Takdir
|1908-1998
|-
|Ardiwinata
|Daeng Kanduruan
|1866-1947
|-
|Aristoteles
|
|384-322 SM
|-
|Austin
|John Langshaw
|1911-1960
|-
|Bloomfield
|Leonard
|1887-1949
|-
|Boaz
|Franz
|1858-1942
|-
|Bopp
|Franz
|1791-1867
|-
|Braille
|Louis
|1809-1852
|-
|Branden
|Jan Laurens Andries
|1857-1905
|-
|Bühler
|Karl
|1879-1963
|-
|Brandstetter
|Renward
|1860-1942
|-
|Champollion
|Jean-François
|1790-1832
|-
|Coolsma
|Sierk
|1840-1926
|-
|Courtenay
|Jan Baudouin de
|1845-1929
|-
|Dempwolff
|Otto von
|1871-1938
|-
|Donatus
|Aelius
|abad ke-4 M
|-
|Du'ali
|Abu's Aswad ad
|?-688
|-
|Dyonisius Thrax
|
|abad ke-1 M
|-
|Esser
|Samuel Jonathan
|1900-1944
|-
|Firth
|John Rupert
|1890-1960
|-
|Fortunatov
|Filip Fedorovic
|1848-1914
|-
|Grice
|H. Paul
|1926-1985
|-
|Grimm
|Jacob
|1785-1863
|-
|Guillaume
|Gustave
|1883-1960
|-
|Hjelmslev
|Louis
|1899-1965
|-
|Holle
|Karel Frederik
|1829-1896
|-
|Humboldt
|Wilhelm von
|1767-1835
|-
|Jakobson
|Roman Osipovich
|1896-1982
|-
|Jespersen
|Otto
|1860-1943
|-
|Jones
|Daniel
|1881-1967
|-
|Jones
|William
|1746-1794
|-
|Kern
|Johan Hendrik Casper
|1833-1917
|-
|Khalil ibn Ahmad
|al
|718-786/791
|-
|Klinkert
|Hillebrands Cornelius
|1829-1913
|-
|Leibniz
|Gottfried Wilhelm von
|1646-1716
|-
|Leskien
|August
|1840-1916
|-
|Marsden
|William
|1754-1836
|-
|Mathesius
|Vilèm
|1882-1946
|-
|Matthes
|Benjamin Frederik
|1818-1908
|-
|Neubronner van der Tuuk
|Herman
|1824-1894
|-
|Noreen
|Adolf
|1854-1925
|-
|Ophuijsen
|Charles Adriaan van
|1856-1917
|-
|Padmasusastra
|Ki
|1841-1926
|-
|Pànini Dàksiputra
|
|abad ke-4 SM
|-
|Paul
|Hermann
|1846-1921
|-
|Piaget
|Jean
|1896-1980
|-
|Pigafetta
|Antonio
|1491-1534
|-
|Pike
|Kenneth Lee
|1912-2004
|-
|Plato
|
|425-348 SM
|-
|Poerwadarminta
|Wilfridus Josef Sabarija
|1903-1968
|-
|Ranggawarsita
|Raden Ngabe(h)i
|1802-1873
|-
|Rask
|Rasmus Kristian
|1787-1832
|-
|Roordo
|Taco
|1801-1874
|-
|Sapir
|Edward
|1884-1939
|-
|Sasrasoeganda
|Koewatin
|?
|-
|Saussure
|Ferdinand de
|1857-1913
|-
|Schleicher
|August
|1821-1868
|-
|Schmidt
|Johannes
|1843-1901
|-
|Schmidt
|Wilhlem
|1868-1954
|-
|Schuchardt
|Hugo
|1842-1927
|-
|Sibawaihi
|Abu Bishir Amir bin Uthmàn
|?-793
|-
|Sweet
|Henry
|1845-1912
|-
|Tesnière
|Lucien
|1893-1954
|-
|Trubetzkoy
|Nikolaj Sergejevi^c
|1890-1938
|-
|Uhlenbeck
|Eugenius Marius
|1913-2003
|-
|Varro
|
|116-27 SM
|-
|Verner
|Karl
|1846-1896
|-
|Whitney
|William Dwight
|1827-1894
|-
|Whorf
|Benjamin Lee
|1897-1941
|-
|Wilkinson
|Richard James
|1867-1941
|-
|Winstedt
|Richard Olof
|1878-1966
|-
|Winter Sr.
|Carl Frederick
|1799-1859
|-
|Wundt
|Wilhelm
|1832-1920
|-
|Zainal Abidin bin Ahmad
|
|1895-1973
|-
|Zain
|Sutan Mohammad
|1881-1962
|}
== Lain-lain ==
{|
|-
|Association Phonetique Internationale
|-
|Balai Bahasa
|-
|Bloomfieldianisme
|-
|Candrakarana
|-
|Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
|-
|Firthianisme
|-
|Humboldtisme
|-
|Indonesiago Seibu Iinkai/Komisi Bahasa Indonesia/Panitia Goena Menjempoernakan Bahasa Indonesia
|-
|International Phonetic Alphabet
|-
|Junggrammatiker, Neogrammarians
|-
|Katyayana
|-
|Komisi Istilah
|-
|Kongres Linguistik Internasional
|-
|Lembaga Bahasa Indonesia
|-
|Majelis Bahasa Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia
|-
|Nederlands Bijbel Genootschap
|-
|Port-Royal
|-
|Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa
|-
|Summer Institute of Linguistics
|}
==
Harimurti Kridalaksana, "Kamus Linguistik", Gramedia Pustaka Utama, edisi keempat, 2008.
|