Meta Platforms: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{short description|Layanan jejaring sosial daring global}}

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| logo = Meta Platforms Inc. logo.svg

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| image_caption = Jalan masuk ke kantor pusat Meta Platform inc. [[Menlo Park, California]]

| footnotes = <ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/11/21288127/facebook-chief-product-officer-chris-cox-return-ceo |title=Chris Cox is returning to Facebook as chief product officer|work=[[The Verge]]|date=June 11, 2020|access-date=June 11, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/8/11/21363642/facebook-pay-mobile-payments-financial-david-marcus-instagram-whatsapp |title=Facebook is getting more serious about becoming your go-to for mobile payments|work=[[The Verge]]|date=August 11, 2020|access-date=August 11, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Our History">{{cite web |title=Our History |url=https://newsroom.fb.com/company-info/ |website=Facebook |access-date=November 7, 2018 |archive-date=November 15, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115110456/https://newsroom.fb.com/company-info/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Shaban |first=Hamza |title=Digital advertising to surpass print and TV for the first time, report says |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/02/20/digital-advertising-surpass-print-tv-first-time-report-says |website=The Washington Post |access-date=June 2, 2019 |date=January 20, 2019 |archive-date=January 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209195301/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/02/20/digital-advertising-surpass-print-tv-first-time-report-says/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=SOI>{{cite web |title=FB Income Statement |url=https://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/fb/financials |website=NASDAQ.com}}</ref><ref name=DOI>{{cite web |title=FB Balance Sheet |url=https://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/fb/financials?query=balance-sheet |website=NASDAQ.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://newsroom.fb.com/company-info/ |title=Stats |publisher=Facebook |access-date=July 25, 2019 |date=June 30, 2019 |archive-date=November 15, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115110456/https://newsroom.fb.com/company-info/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://investor.fb.com/financials/default.aspx |title=Facebook - Financials |website=investor.fb.com |access-date=January 30, 2020}}</ref>

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Facebook didirikan oleh [[Mark Zuckerberg]] bersama teman sekamarnya dan sesama mahasiswa [[Universitas Harvard]], [[Eduardo Saverin]], [[Andrew McCollum]], [[Dustin Moskovitz]], dan [[Chris Hughes (pengusaha)|Chris Hughes]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/how-facebook-was-founded-2010-3#we-can-talk-about-that-after-i-get-all-the-basic-functionality-up-tomorrow-night-1|title=At Last&nbsp;– The Full Story Of How Facebook Was Founded|work=Business Insider|first=Nicholas|last=Carlson|date=March 5, 2010}}</ref> Keanggotaan situs web ini awalnya terbatas untuk mahasiswa Harvard saja, kemudian diperluas ke perguruan lain di Boston, [[Ivy League]], dan [[Universitas Stanford]]. Situs ini secara perlahan membuka diri kepada mahasiswa di universitas lain sebelum dibuka untuk siswa sekolah menengah atas, dan akhirnya untuk setiap orang yang berusia minimal 13 tahun. Meski begitu, menurut survei ''[[Consumer Reports]]'' bulan Mei 2011, ada 7,5 juta anak di bawah usia 13 tahun yang memiliki akun Facebook dan 5 juta lainnya di bawah 10 tahun, sehingga melanggar persyaratan layanan situs ini.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.consumerreports.org/electronics/2011/05/five-million-facebook-users-are-10-or-younger.html|title=Five million Facebook users are 10 or younger|work=ConsumerReports.org|date=May 10, 2011|accessdate=May 15, 2011|archive-date=2012-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929083505/http://news.consumerreports.org/electronics/2011/05/five-million-facebook-users-are-10-or-younger.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

{{Main|Sejarah Facebook|Garis waktu Facebook}}

[[File:Facebook%2C_Inc._Logo_2019.svg|thumb|Logo perusahaan Facebook dari 2019 hingga 2021]]

[[Berkas:MarkZuckerberg.jpg|jmpl|lurus|kiri|200px|[[Mark Zuckerberg]] membantu menciptakan Facebook di kamar asramanya di [[Universitas Harvard|Harvard]].]]

 

== Perusahaan ==

 

 

Sebagian besar pendapatan Facebook berasal dari periklanan. Microsoft adalah rekan eksklusif Facebook untuk melayani [[spanduk web|iklan spanduk]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Product Overview FAQ: Facebook Ads|url=http://www.facebook.com/press/faq.php#Facebook+Ads|publisher=Facebook|accessdate=March 10, 2008|archive-date=2008-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228195738/http://www.facebook.com/press/faq.php#Facebook+Ads|dead-url=yes}}</ref> dan Facebook hanya melayani iklan yang masuk dalam [[jaringan periklanan|inventaris iklan]] Microsoft. Menurut [[comScore]], sebuah perusahaan [[riset pemasaran]] Internet, Facebook memperoleh data dari pengunjung sama banyaknya dengan Google dan Microsoft, tetapi sedikit kurang dari [[Yahoo!]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Story, Louise|title=To Aim Ads, Web Is Keeping Closer Eye on You|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/10/technology/10privacy.html|work=The New York Times|date=March 10, 2008|accessdate=March 9, 2008}}</ref> Tahun 2010, tim keamanan Facebook mulai memperluas upayanya untuk mengurangi risiko [[privasi]] pengguna.<ref name="revealed">{{cite web|title=Revealed: Which social networks pose the biggest risk?|url=http://www.sophos.com/blogs/gc/g/2010/02/01/revealed-social-networks-pose-biggest-risk/|publisher=[[Sophos]]|last=Cluley|first=Graham|date=February 1, 2010|accessdate=July 12, 2010}}</ref> Pada 6 November 2007, Facebook meluncurkan [[Facebook Beacon]] yang kemudian menjadi usaha gagal untuk beriklan kepada teman pengguna menggunakan cara "apa yang dibeli teman".

Facebook umumnya memiliki [[tingkat klik]] (CTR) yang lebih rendah untuk iklan daripada situs-situs web besar lainnya. Untuk iklan spanduk, mereka menerima seperlima jumlah klik di Facebook jika dibandingkan dengan Web secara keseluruhan.<ref>{{cite web |accessdate=July 18, 2010 |url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/nov2007/tc20071128_366355_page_2.htm |title=Facebook May Revamp Beacon |work=BusinessWeek |date=November 28, 2007 }}</ref> Ini berarti bahwa persentase kecil pengguna Facebook mengeklik iklan lebih banyak dibanding situs web lain. Misalnya, pengguna [[Google]] mengeklik iklan pertama pada hasil pencarian dengan rata-rata 8% dalam satu waktu (80.000 klik untuk setiap satu juta pencarian),<ref>{{cite web |accessdate=July 18, 2010 |url=http://www.accuracast.com/seo-weekly/adwords-clickthrough.php |title=Google AdWords Click Through Rates Per Position |publisher=AccuraCast |date=October 9, 2009 |archive-date=2013-06-26 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Hfsq8CBp?url=http://www.accuracast.com/articles/advertising/adwords-clickthrough/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> sementara pengguna Facebook mengeklik iklan dengan rata-rata 0,04% dalam satu waktu (400 klik untuk setiap satu juta halaman).<ref>{{cite web |accessdate=July 18, 2010 |url=http://valleywag.gawker.com/242234/facebook-consistently-the-worst-performing-site |title=Facebook 'consistently the worst performing site' |publisher=Gawker |date=March 7, 2007 |author=Denton, Nick |archive-date=2013-06-26 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HfsqypIi?url=http://gawker.com/242234/facebook-consistently-the-worst-performing-site |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

 

 

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== Penerimaan ==

 

Facebook adalah salah satu situs jaringan sosial paling populer di sejumlah [[Daftar negara berbahasa resmi Inggris|negara penutur bahasa Inggris]], termasuk Kanada,<ref name="canada">{{cite web|accessdate=April 30, 2008|url=http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/posted/archive/2007/05/18/facebook-says-thanks-canada.aspx|title=Facebook says 'Thanks, Canada'|work=[[National Post]]|date=May 18, 2007|author=Yum, Kenny|archive-date=2011-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513031409/http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/posted/archive/2007/05/18/facebook-says-thanks-canada.aspx|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Britania Raya,<ref name="uk">{{cite news|accessdate=April 30, 2008|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/09/25/nface125.xml|title=Facebook is UK's biggest networking site|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=September 26, 2007|author=Malkin, Bonnie|location=London|archive-date=2008-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419053846/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F09%2F25%2Fnface125.xml|dead-url=yes}}</ref> dan Amerika Serikat.<ref>{{cite web |first=Doug |last=Caverly |title=comScore: Facebook Catches MySpace in U.S. |url=http://www.webpronews.com/topnews/2009/06/16/comscore-facebook-catches-myspace-in-us |work=WebProNews |publisher=iEntry Network |date=June 16, 2009 |quote= |accessdate=September 24, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Facebook grows as MySpace cuts back|url=http://atlanta.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2009/06/15/daily47.html|work=Atlanta Business Chronicle|date=June 17, 2009|quote=The Conference Board report on first quarter online users in the U.S. showed Facebook with an even larger lead, with 78 percent of social network participants, followed by MySpace (42 percent), LinkedIn (17 percent) and Twitter (10 percent).|accessdate=September 24, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Drew |last=Hasselback |title=Comscore says Facebook has surpassed MySpace for U.S. users |url=http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fpposted/archive/2009/06/17/comscore-says-facebook-has-surpassed-myspace-for-u-s-users.aspx |work=FP Posted |publisher=The National Post Company |date=June 17, 2009 |quote=Comscore says Facebook surpassed MySpace among U.S. users in May, while Nielsen figures that actually happened back in January. |accessdate=September 24, 2009 |archive-date=2011-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513031404/http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fpposted/archive/2009/06/17/comscore-says-facebook-has-surpassed-myspace-for-u-s-users.aspx |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Cara |last=Wood |title=Keeping pace with mainstream social media |url=http://www.dmnews.com/keeping-pace-with-mainstream-social-media/article/147429/ |work=DMNews |publisher=Haymarket Media |page= |pages= |doi= |date=August 31, 2009 |quote=The giant in the space remains Facebook, which gets 87.7 million unique viewers per month, according to ComScore. MySpace, with nearly 70 million unique monthly visitors, has seen growth stagnate over the past year. |accessdate=September 24, 2009 |archive-date=2011-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510033834/http://www.dmnews.com/keeping-pace-with-mainstream-social-media/article/147429/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pada pasar Internet regional, penetrasi Facebook tertinggi ada di Amerika Utara (69%), diikuti Timur Tengah-Afrika (67%), Amerika Latin (58%), Eropa (57%), dan Asia-Pasifik (17%).<ref>{{cite news|accessdate=September 23, 2008|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13577_3-20011158-36.html|title=Who will be Facebook's next 500 million?|work=c net|date=July 21, 2010|author=McCarthy, Caroline|location=New York}}</ref>

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* Pada usia 102 tahun, [[Ivy Bean]] dari [[Bradford]], Inggris bergabung dengan Facebook pada usia 108 tahun dan menjadikannya salah satu [[orang tertua]] yang terdaftar di Facebook. Sebagai inspirasi bagi penghuni panti jompo tempat ia tinggal,<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/twitter/5327822/Oldest-Tweeter-talks-cuppas-and-casserole-on-Twitter-at-104.html "Oldest Tweeter talks cuppas and casserole on Twitter at 104"], ''Daily Telegraph'', 15 May 2009</ref> ia langsung dikenal luas dan sejumlah halaman penggemar dibuat untuk menghormatinya. Ia menjumpai Perdana Menteri [[Gordon Brown]] dan istrinya, Sarah, di [[Downing Street]] pada awal 2010.<ref>Alex Millson [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1298433/Stars-pay-tribute-worlds-oldest-Twitter-user-Ivy-Bean-dies-aged-104.html?ITO=1490 "Stars pay tribute to world's oldest Twitter user Ivy Bean after she dies aged 104"], ''Daily Mail'', 28 July 2010</ref> Beberapa saat setelah membuat halaman Facebook-nya, Bean bergabung dengan [[Twitter]] ketika ia mencapai batas jumlah teman yang ditetapkan Facebook. Ia menjadi [[orang tertua]] yang menggunakan Twitter. Pada kematiannya bulan Juli 2010, ia memiliki 4.962 teman di Facebook dan lebih dari 56.000 pengikut di Twitter. Kematiannya dilaporkan secara luas di media dan ia menerima penghormatan dari sejumlah tokoh media terkenal.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/TECH/social.media/07/28/obit.ivy.bean/index.html?hpt=T2#fbid=txV8eA_Nah8|title=Ivy Bean, 'world's oldest Twitter user,' dead at 104|last=Gray|first=Melissa|date=July 28, 2010|work=cnn.com|accessdate=July 31, 2010}}</ref>

* Penulis Amerika Serikat, [[Ben Mezrich]] menerbitkan buku pada Juli 2009 mengenai [[Mark Zuckerberg]] dan pendirian Facebook yang berjudul ''[[The Accidental Billionaires: The Founding of Facebook, A Tale of Sex, Money, Genius, and Betrayal]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hempel|first=Jessi|title=The book that Facebook doesn't want you to read|url=http://money.cnn.com/2009/06/25/technology/founding_of_facebook.fortune/|work=money.cnn.com|publisher=Cable News Network|accessdate=July 3, 2010|date=June 25, 2009}}</ref>

* Sebagai respon terhadap kontroversi [[Everybody Draw Mohammed Day]] dan dilarangnya Facebook di Pakistan, situs Facebook versi Islam diciptakan dan diberi nama [[MillatFacebook]].<ref name="afp">{{cite web |last=Hussain |first=Waqar |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iOAHXhFHXrWMDdtAajYAxmypKT2w |title=AFP: Pakistanis create rival Muslim Facebook |publisher=Google.com |date=May 27, 2010 |accessdate=June 9, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601070636/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iOAHXhFHXrWMDdtAajYAxmypKT2w |archivedate=2010-06-01 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== Pranala luar ==

* {{Wiktionary-inline|Facebook}}

* {{en}} {{Official website|http://www.facebook.com}}

* {{en}} [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/facebook_inc/index.html Collected news and commentary] at ''[[The New York Times]]''

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