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Revisi per 14 Agustus 2022 09.46 sunting Hysocc (bicara \| kontrib) Pengguna terkonfirmasi, Peninjau 63.951 suntingan Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman "2022 Oder environmental disaster" Tag: halaman dengan galat kutipan Terjemahan Konten Terjemahan Konten v2		Revisi terkini sejak 21 Desember 2023 14.01 sunting balikkan Laindan (bicara \| kontrib) 1.322 suntingan Fitur saranan suntingan: 3 pranala ditambahkan. Tag: VisualEditor Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Tugas pengguna baru Disarankan: tambahkan pranala
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Baris 1: {{Orphan\|date=Januari 2023}} [[Berkas:Oder.png\|pra=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Oder.png/220px-Oder.png\|jmpl\| [[Daerah aliran sungai]] Oder seluas 119.074 km² (45.975 sq mi) di Ceko, Polandia, dan Jerman.]] ~~[[Berkas:Fischsterben-Oder-1.jpg\|pra=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Fischsterben-Oder-1.jpg/220px-Fischsterben-Oder-1.jpg\|jmpl\| Ikan-ikan yang mati di sungai Oder]]~~ Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. Nunc viverra imperdiet enim. Fusce est. Vivamus a tellus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci. Aenean nec lorem. In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus, scelerisque at, vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem venenatis eleifend. Ut nonummy. Fusce aliquet pede non pede. Suspendisse dapibus lorem pellentesque magna. Integer nulla. Donec blandit feugiat ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet euismod, purus ipsum pretium metus, in lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien. Donec ut est in lectus consequat consequat. [[Berkas:Oder.png\|jmpl\|[[Daerah aliran sungai]] Oder seluas 119.074 km² (45.975 sq mi) di Ceko, Polandia, dan Jerman.]] [[Berkas:Fischsterben-Oder-1.jpg\|jmpl\|Ikan-ikan yang mati di sungai Oder]] Selama musim panas 2022, [[Peristiwa kematian massal\|kematian massal]] ikan, [[berang-berang]], dan satwa liar lainnya terjadi di [[Sungai Oder, Polandia\|sungai Oder]], antara [[Polandia]] dan [[Jerman]], menyebabkan [[Krisis lingkungan\|krisis kesehatan dan lingkungan]] di sebagian besar wilayah Polandia. == Penemuan == Pada 11 Agustus 2022, relawan dan pemancing memindahkan setidaknya 10 ton ikan mati dari aliran sungai sepanjang {{Cvt\|200\|km}} di utara [[Oława\|Olawa]] di barat daya Polandia. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news\|last=Strzelecki\|first=Marek\|date=11 August 2022\|title=Dead fish in River Oder on Polish/German border spur contamination probe\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dead-fish-river-oder-polishgerman-border-spur-contamination-probe-2022-08-11/\|work=Reuters\|language=en\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811171008/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dead-fish-river-oder-polishgerman-border-spur-contamination-probe-2022-08-11/\|archive-date=11 August 2022\|access-date=11 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ten tonnes of dead fish hauled out of polluted River Odra\|url=https://www.thefirstnews.com/article/ten-tonnes-of-dead-fish-hauled-out-of-polluted-river-odra-32345\|website=www.thefirstnews.com\|language=en\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811205141/https://www.thefirstnews.com/article/ten-tonnes-of-dead-fish-hauled-out-of-polluted-river-odra-32345\|archive-date=11 August 2022\|access-date=11 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Tonnes of dead fish pulled from River Oder in Poland as officials warn of possible contamination\|url=https://news.sky.com/story/tonnes-of-dead-fish-pulled-from-river-oder-in-poland-as-officials-warn-of-possible-contamination-12670933\|website=Sky News\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812075152/https://news.sky.com/story/tonnes-of-dead-fish-pulled-from-river-oder-in-poland-as-officials-warn-of-possible-contamination-12670933\|archive-date=12 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/poland-investigates-ecological-catastrophe-fish-die-off-8828771 Ecological catastrophe], ABCnews.go.com. Accessed 13 August 2022.</ref> Penemuan itu dilakukan oleh nelayan setempat, di mana seharusnya itu menjadi tugas dari lembaga pemerintah atau pengujian (kualitas lingkungan) setempat. <ref>{{Cite web\|date=11 August 2022\|title=Wędkarz znad Odry: "boimy się". Czy poznamy prawdę?\|url=https://kobieta.onet.pl/wiadomosci/co-skazilo-rzeke-odre-moze-prawdy-nigdy-sie-nie-dowiemy/kt5zdly\|website=OnetKobieta\|language=pl\|trans-title=Angler from the Oder: "we are afraid". Will we know the truth?\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811181246/https://kobieta.onet.pl/wiadomosci/co-skazilo-rzeke-odre-moze-prawdy-nigdy-sie-nie-dowiemy/kt5zdly\|archive-date=11 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Rekaman ~~peawat~~[[Pesawat nirawak\|pesawat tanpa awak]] terhadap sungai menunjukkan skala kerusakan yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Drone views of European river's massive fish kill\|url=https://news.yahoo.com/drone-views-european-rivers-massive-133539038.html\|website=news.yahoo.com\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013015/https://news.yahoo.com/drone-views-european-rivers-massive-133539038.html\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> == Pengujian == Dugaan awal penyebab bencana adalah keracunan zat yang belum diketahui jenisnya. <ref>{{Cite news\|date=12 August 2022\|via=www.reuters.com\|title=Germany and Poland search for cause of mass fish die-off in river Oder\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/mass-fish-die-off-german-polish-river-blamed-unknown-toxic-substance-2022-08-12/\|work=Reuters\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813002223/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/mass-fish-die-off-german-polish-river-blamed-unknown-toxic-substance-2022-08-12/\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Sampel air yang diambil pada tanggal 28 Juli menunjukkan kemungkinan besar kontaminasi disebabkan oleh [[mestilena\|mesitylene]], meskipun zat ini tidak terdapat pada sampel yang diambil setelah 1 Agustus. <ref name=":0"~~>{{Cite news\|last=Strzelecki\|first=Marek\|date=11 August 2022\|title=Dead fish in River Oder on~~ ~~Polish~~/German border spur contamination probe\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dead-fish-river-oder-polishgerman-border-spur-contamination-probe-2022-08-11/\|work=Reuters\|language=en\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811171008/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dead-fish-river-oder-polishgerman-border-spur-contamination-probe-2022-08-11/\|archive-date=11 August 2022\|access-date=11 August 2022\|url-status=live}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStrzelecki2022">Strzelecki, Marek (11 August 2022). [https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dead-fish-river-oder-polishgerman-border-spur-contamination-probe-2022-08-11/ "Dead fish in River Oder on Polish/German border spur contamination probe"]. ''Reuters''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220811171008/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dead-fish-river-oder-polishgerman-border-spur-contamination-probe-2022-08-11/ Archived] from the original on 11 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web\|last=S.A\|first=Telewizja Polska\|title=Mass death of fish in River Oder raises environmental stink\|url=https://tvpworld.com/61785992/mass-death-of-fish-in-river-oder-raises-environmental-stink\|website=tvpworld.com\|language=en\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811205125/https://tvpworld.com/61785992/mass-death-of-fish-in-river-oder-raises-environmental-stink\|archive-date=11 August 2022\|access-date=11 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Sebuah laboratorium pengujian di Jerman telah menemukan [[Raksa\|merkuri]] dalam jumlah kecil, tetapi [[Politik di Polandia\|pemerintah Polandia]] membantah bahwa [[Keracunan raksa\|keracunan merkuri]] adalah penyebab kematian dan mengklaim bahwa pengujian yang mereka lakukan tidak menemukan zat itu. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Zatrucie Odry. Dziewięć absurdalnych wątków w tej sprawie\|url=https://www.onet.pl/styl-zycia/whitemad/zatrucie-odry-dziewiec-absurdalnych-watkow-w-tej-sprawie/dpw94tf,30bc1058\|website=www.onet.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Odra poisoning. Nine absurd threads on this matter\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013016/https://www.onet.pl/styl-zycia/whitemad/zatrucie-odry-dziewiec-absurdalnych-watkow-w-tej-sprawie/dpw94tf,30bc1058\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Menurut Menteri Lingkungan Brandenburg, laboratorium Jerman percaya ini mungkin akibat dari kandungan sejumlah besar garam di dalam air daripada merkuri. <ref>{{Cite web\|date=12 August 2022\|title=Rtęć w Odrze? Minister środowiska Brandenburgii: za śmierć ryb odpowiadają raczej ładunki soli\|url=https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/burza-po-informacji-o-rteci-w-odrze-sa-nowe-wyniki-badan-z-niemiec/914mcfe\|website=Onet Wiadomości\|language=pl\|trans-title=Mercury in the Oder? Brandenburg Environment Minister: the salt charges are rather responsible for the deaths of the fish\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812220903/https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/burza-po-informacji-o-rteci-w-odrze-sa-nowe-wyniki-badan-z-niemiec/914mcfe\|archive-date=12 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> == Implikasi == Ekosistem sungai rusak parah dan mungkin, jika yang terjadi adalah kasus keracunan merkuri, dapat dikatakan musnah secara permanen. <ref>{{Cite web\|title="Jeżeli faktycznie jest to rtęć, to koniec ekosystemu Odry, jaki do tej pory znaliśmy"\|url=https://tvn24.pl/polska/odra-sniete-ryby-katastrofa-ekologiczna-alicja-pawelec-jesli-faktycznie-jest-to-rtec-to-jest-koniec-ekosystemu-odry-jaki-do-tej-pory-znalismy-6066904\|website=TVN24\|language=pl\|trans-title="If it is mercury, then the end of the Oder ecosystem as we have known so far"\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013015/https://tvn24.pl/polska/odra-sniete-ryby-katastrofa-ekologiczna-alicja-pawelec-jesli-faktycznie-jest-to-rtec-to-jest-koniec-ekosystemu-odry-jaki-do-tej-pory-znalismy-6066904\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Ada juga potensi konsekuensi kesehatan yang serius bagi manusia. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Rtęć w Odrze? Lekarze: ryzyko uszkodzeń narządów, a nawet zgonu\|url=https://www.medonet.pl/choroby-od-a-do-z/zatrucia,rtec-w-odrze--lekarze--ryzyko-uszkodzen-narzadow--a-nawet-zgonu,artykul,14361265.html\|website=medonet.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Mercury in the Oder? Doctors: risk of organ damage and even death\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013015/https://www.medonet.pl/choroby-od-a-do-z/zatrucia,rtec-w-odrze--lekarze--ryzyko-uszkodzen-narzadow--a-nawet-zgonu,artykul,14361265.html\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> == Reaksi == [[Berkas:Fischsterben-Oder-2.jpg~~\|pra=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Fischsterben-Oder-2.jpg/220px-Fischsterben-Oder-2.jpg\|kiri~~\|jmpl\| Barisan ikan yang mati di sungai Oder]] [[Perdana Menteri Polandia]] [[Mateusz Morawiecki]] berada di bawah tekanan untuk bertindak dan akibatnya beberapa pejabat tinggi pemerintah dipecat. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Senior Polish officials sacked after mass fish die-off in Oder river\|url=https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/senior-polish-officials-sacked-after-mass-fish-die-off-in-oder-river/ar-AA10BL6A\|website=MSN\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013015/https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/senior-polish-officials-sacked-after-mass-fish-die-off-in-oder-river/ar-AA10BL6A\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Hal ini kemudian menyebabkan keretakan internal di partai [[Hukum dan Keadilan]] yang berkuasa di Polandia. <ref name="gazeta1">{{Cite web\|title=Wielkie pretensje do wojewodów po zatruciu Odry. GIOŚ nakazał pilne działania. "A oni nie zrobili nic"\|url=https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114884,28786061,gios-nakazal.html\|website=gazetapl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Great claims to voivodes after poisoning the Odra River. CIEP ordered urgent actions. "And they did nothing"\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013017/https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114884,28786061,gios-nakazal.html\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Penduduk setempat marah dan bereaksi terhadap tindakan pemerintah, <ref>{{Cite web\|date=12 August 2022\|title=Magda mieszka nad samą Odrą. "Martwe ryby szybko się rozkładają, wręcz pękają"\|url=https://noizz.pl/ekologia/magda-mieszka-nad-sama-odra-martwe-ryby-szybko-sie-rozkladaja-wrecz-pekaja/fw1pvgg\|website=noizz.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Magda lives on the Oder itself. "Dead fish decompose quickly, they even burst"\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013019/https://noizz.pl/ekologia/magda-mieszka-nad-sama-odra-martwe-ryby-szybko-sie-rozkladaja-wrecz-pekaja/fw1pvgg\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=13 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> dan, dengan [[Telewizja Polska\|televisi pemerintah]] menghindari pelaporan tentang masalah ini, tuduhan yang meluas tentang pemerintah yang menutup-nutupi kasus ini pun dimulai. <ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mrowicki\|first=Rafał\|date=11 August 2022\|title=O tym mówi cała Polska. TVP poświęciło 55 sekund\|url=https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/zatruta-odra-dopiero-w-polowie-czwartkowych-wiadomosci-blyskawiczny-material-6800346869193216a\|website=wiadomosci.wp.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=All of Poland is talking about it. TVP spent 55 seconds\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811211934/https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/zatruta-odra-dopiero-w-polowie-czwartkowych-wiadomosci-blyskawiczny-material-6800346869193216a\|archive-date=11 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="wiadWP">{{Cite web\|last=Kuczera\|first=Łukasz\|date=12 August 2022\|title=Milczeli przez niemal kwadrans. "Wiadomości" TVP naprawdę to zrobiły\|url=https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/wiadomosci-tvp-naprawde-to-zrobily-zatruta-odra-jako-pretekst-do-ataku-na-tuska-6800708913818592a\|website=wiadomosci.wp.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=They were silent for almost a quarter of an hour. TVP's "news" really did it\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013017/https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/wiadomosci-tvp-naprawde-to-zrobily-zatruta-odra-jako-pretekst-do-ataku-na-tuska-6800708913818592a\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Pemerintah Polandia mengatakan para pelaku akan dihukum berat, juga menyalahkan politisi oposisi seperti [[Donald Tusk]] dan [[Rafał Trzaskowski]], dan membandingkan situasi dengan peristiwa lain yang telah terjadi sebelumnya dan tidak memiliki hubungan, di [[Warsawa]] dan [[Gdańsk]], tempat oposisi [[Mimbar Kewarganegaraan\|Civic Platform]] memegang kekuasaan. <ref name="wiadWP" /> Grzegorz Witkowski, seorang menteri pemerintah Polandia, mengulangi klaim pemerintah, dan juga menyalahkan para pakar [[ekologi]] dan menyatakan bahwa sungai itu aman untuk dimasuki. <ref>{{Cite web\|date=12 August 2022\|title=Wiceminister Witkowski o spóźnionej reakcji w sprawie Odry. "Bzdura. Trzaskowski zwlekał tydzień"\|url=https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/lubuskie/spozniona-reakcja-w-sprawie-odry-wiceminister-uderza-w-trzaskowskiego/3znlc2c\|website=wiadomosci.onet.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Deputy Minister Witkowski on the delayed reaction in the case of the Oder River. "Nonsense. Trzaskowski delayed the week"\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013017/https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/lubuskie/spozniona-reakcja-w-sprawie-odry-wiceminister-uderza-w-trzaskowskiego/3znlc2c\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=13 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Kritik juga jatuh pada sheriff setempat. <ref name="gazeta1"~~>{{Cite~~ web\|title=Wielkie pretensje do wojewodów po zatruciu Odry. GIOŚ nakazał pilne działania. "A oni nie zrobili nic"\|url=https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114884,28786061,gios-nakazal.html\|website=gazetapl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Great claims to voivodes after poisoning the Odra River. CIEP ordered urgent actions. "And they did nothing"\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013017/https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114884,28786061,gios-nakazal.html\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114884,28786061,gios-nakazal.html "Wielkie pretensje do wojewodów po zatruciu Odry. GIOŚ nakazał pilne działania. "A oni nie zrobili nic""] [Great claims to voivodes after poisoning the Odra River. CIEP ordered urgent actions. "And they did nothing"]. ''gazetapl'' (in Polish). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013017/https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114884,28786061,gios-nakazal.html Archived] from the original on 13 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2022</span>.</~~cite~~> ~~[[Category:CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)]]</ref>~~ [[Memancing\|Pemancing]] telah menyatakan bahwa tidak mungkin mereka bisa memancing lagi di air. <ref>{{Cite web\|date=12 August 2022\|title=Odra skażona, wędkarze załamani. "Chce się płakać"\|url=https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/tylko-w-onecie/ogromna-skala-katastrofy-ekologicznej-w-odrze-sa-lzy-i-emocje/4m243v5\|website=wiadomosci.onet.pl\|language=pl\|trans-title=Oder contaminated, fishermen are devastated. "You want to cry"\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013017/https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/tylko-w-onecie/ogromna-skala-katastrofy-ekologicznej-w-odrze-sa-lzy-i-emocje/4m243v5\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=13 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Steffi Lemke]], [[Kementerian Federal untuk Lingkungan Hidup, Konservasi Alam, Bangunan, dan Keselamatan Nuklir\|Menteri Federal Jerman untuk Lingkungan, Konservasi Alam, Keamanan Nuklir, dan Perlindungan Konsumen]], menyebut situasi ini sebagai bencana ekologi yang mengejutkan. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Niemiecka ministerka o skażeniu Odry: Jestem wstrząśnięta. Zanosi się na katastrofę ekologiczną\|url=https://next.gazeta.pl/next/7,168930,28786041,niemiecka-minister-jestem-wstrzasnieta-zanosi-sie-na-katastrofe.html\|website=nextgazetapl\|language=pl\|trans-title=German minister on the contamination of the Oder river: I am shocked. It looks like an ecological disaster\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813013018/https://next.gazeta.pl/next/7,168930,28786041,niemiecka-minister-jestem-wstrzasnieta-zanosi-sie-na-katastrofe.html\|archive-date=13 August 2022\|access-date=12 August 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> == Referensi == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Daerah aliran sungai Oder]] [[Kategori:Bencana ~~penangkapan ikan~~perikanan]] [[Kategori:Bencana kimiawi]] [[Kategori:~~Bencana~~Insiden pembuangan limbah]] [[Kategori:Bencana 2022 di Eropa]]