Koronavirus terkait sindrom pernapasan Timur Tengah: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''MERS-CoV''' singkatan dari '''Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus''',<ref name=deGroot>{{cite journal|authorlink2=Susan Baker (virologist) | vauthors = de Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric RS, Brown CS, Drosten C, Enjuanes L, Fouchier RA, Galiano M, Gorbalenya AE, Memish ZA, Perlman S, Poon LL, Snijder EJ, Stephens GM, Woo PC, Zaki AM, Zambon M, Ziebuhr J | display-authors = 6 | title = Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 87 | issue = 14 | pages = 7790–2 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23678167 | pmc = 3700179 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.01244-13 }}</ref> atau disebut '''EMC/2012''' ([[HCoV-EMC/2012]]), adalah novel [[virus RNA # Virus untai positif RNA|virus sense-positif, beruntai tunggal]] dari genus [[Betacoronavirus]].

Pada Juli 2015, kasus MERS-CoV telah dilaporkan lebih dari 21 negara, termasuk Arab Saudi, Yordania, Qatar, Mesir, Uni Emirat Arab, Kuwait, Turki, Oman, Aljazair, Bangladesh, Indonesia (tidak ada yang terkonfirmasi), Austria,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/02-october-2014-mers-austria/en/|title= Disease Outbreak News|website=www.who.int|date=8 Oct 2014}}</ref> Inggris, Korea Selatan,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/24-may-2015-mers-korea/en/|title=Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) – Republic of Korea|website=www.who.int|date=24 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jack A | title = Why the panic? South Korea's MERS response questioned | journal = BMJ | volume = 350 | pages = h3403 | date = June 2015 | pmid = 26108610 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.h3403 }}</ref> [[Amerika Serikat]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2014/06/bangladesh-has-first-mers-case|title= Bangladesh has first MERS case|website=cidrap.umn.edu|last=Roos|first=Robert | name-list-format = vanc |date=16 Jun 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Florida MERS patient recovers|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/05/19/health/mers-outbreak/|website=CNN}}</ref> [[Tiongkok Daratan]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/30-may-2015-mers-china/en/|title= Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) – China|date=31 May 2015}}</ref> Thailand,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/south-east-asia/story/thailand-confirms-first-mers-case-health-ministry-20150618|title= Thailand confirms first Mers case: Health ministry|date=18 June 2015}}</ref> dan [[Filipina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://time.com/3946229/mers-philippines-doh-quarantine-saudi-arabia/|title=Philippines Confirms First Case of MERS|website=TIME|date=6 July 2015|access-date=2020-02-12|archive-date=2015-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710062042/http://time.com/3946229/mers-philippines-doh-quarantine-saudi-arabia/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> MERS-CoV adalah salah satu dari beberapa virus yang diidentifikasi oleh [[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia|WHO]] sebagai kemungkinan penyebab epidemi di masa depan. WHO telah meminta untuk secepatnya dilakukan penelitian dan pengembangan yang mendesak terkait virus ini.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kieny|first1=Marie-Paule|title=After Ebola, a Blueprint Emerges to Jump-Start R&D|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/after-ebola-a-blueprint-emerges-to-jump-start-r-d/|website=Scientific American Blog Network|access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=LIST OF PATHOGENS|url=http://www.who.int/csr/research-and-development/list_of_pathogens/en/|website=World Health Organization|access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref>

Kasus virus ini pertama kali dilaporkan di [[Arab Saudi]] pada tahun 2012.<ref name="rapid">{{cite web|url=http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/novel-coronavirus-rapid-risk-assessment-update.pdf|title=ECDC Rapid Risk Assessment - Severe respiratory disease associated with a novel coronavirus|date=19 Feb 2013|access-date=22 Apr 2014|archive-date=2013-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531193423/http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/publications/novel-coronavirus-rapid-risk-assessment-update.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ahli virus [[Mesir]], Dr. Ali Mohamed Zaki mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi virus corona (yang sebelumnya tidak diketahui) dari [[paru-paru]] seorang pria.<ref name=zaki8nov2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA | title = Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 367 | issue = 19 | pages = 1814–20 | date = November 2012 | pmid = 23075143 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa1211721 | url = http://www.virology-bonn.de/fileadmin/user_upload/_temp_/Zaki_et_al.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131104184337/http://www.virology-bonn.de/fileadmin/user_upload/_temp_/Zaki_et_al.pdf | url-status = dead | archive-date = 4 November 2013 }}</ref><ref name="thechart.blogs">{{cite news |last=Falco |first=Miriam | name-list-format = vanc |title=New SARS-like virus poses medical mystery |url= http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com/2012/09/24/new-sars-like-virus-poses-medical-mystery/ |access-date=27 September 2012 |publisher=CNN |date=24 September 2012 |archive-date=2012-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927010620/http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com/2012/09/24/new-sars-like-virus-poses-medical-mystery/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Dziadosz |first=Alexander |name-list-format=vanc |title=The doctor who discovered a new SARS-like virus says it will probably trigger an epidemic at some point, but not necessarily in its current form. |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/13/us-coronavirus-egypt-idUSBRE94C0MH20130513 |access-date=25 May 2013 |newspaper=Reuters |date=13 May 2013 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924181154/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/13/us-coronavirus-egypt-idUSBRE94C0MH20130513 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Kasus kedua ditemukan pada September 2012, seorang pria berusia 49 tahun yang tinggal di [[Qatar]] mengalami gejala flu yang serupa, dengan urutan virus yang hampir identik dengan kasus pertama di Arab Saudi.<ref name="rapid"/> Pada November 2012, kasus yang sama bermunculan di Qatar dan Arab Saudi. Dengan bertambahnya kasus serupa yang disertai kematian, maka dimulailah penelitian dan pemantauan yang cepat terhadap virus corona baru ini.