Daftar khalifah: Perbedaan antara revisi

| insignia = File:Gold dinarDirham of Umar II, 718-719.jpg

| insigniacaption = koin DinarDirham Emasperak khalifah [[Umar bin Abdul Aziz|Umar II]] dari [[Dinasti Umayyah]].

*[[Kairo|Qāhirah (CairoKairo)]]

* Ayah dari [[Aisyah]], [[Ummahatul mu'minin|istri Nabi '''Muhammad''']]

* Ayah dari [[Hafshah binti Umar|Hafshah]], [[Ummahatul mu'minin|istri Nabi '''Muhammad''']]

* Bergelar ''Dzun Nurrain'' (dua cahaya) karena menikahi dua putri Nabi Muhammad

* Anggota [[Bani Umayyah]] pertama yang menjadi khalifah. Meski begitu, ''''Utsman''' tidak dimasukkan dalam daftar khalifah dari Dinasti Umayyah lantarankarena Bani Umayyah bukan sebuah dinasti pada masanya.

* Suami dari putri [[Muhammad|Nabi '''[[Muhammad]]''']], [[Ruqayyah binti Muhammad|Ruqayyah]], kemudian [[Ummu Kultsum binti Muhammad|Ummu Kultsum]]

* Cucu Ummu Hakim binti Abdul Muttalib, bibi [[Muhammad|Nabi '''[[Muhammad]]''']]

* Sepupu [[Muhammad|Nabi '''[[Muhammad]]''']]

* Suami dari putri Nabi '''Muhammad''', [[Fatimah az-Zahra]]

* Suami dari cucu Nabi '''Muhammad''', Umamah binti Zainab

=== Kekhalifahan sementara Hasan bin 'Ali (661){{anchor|Hasan bin Ali}} ===

* Ibu: [[Fatimah az-Zahra]], putri [[Muhammad|Nabi '''[[Muhammad]]''']]

* [[Perjanjian Hasan–Mu'awiyah|Menyerahkan kekhalifahan]] kepada [[Muawiyah bin Abu Sufyan|(6) '''Mu'awiyah''']] setelah 6-7 bulan berkuasa

|align="center" | [[Yazid bin Abdul-Malik|<big>'''Yazid'''</big><br >bin ''''Abdul Malik''']]<br />يزيد بن عبد الملك‎الملك<br />{{small|687 {{ndash}} 26 Januari 724}}

|align="center" |[[Berkas:Statue of Abu Jaafar al-Mansur.jpg|150px]]

|align="center" |[[Harun Ar-Rasyid|Harun<br /><big>'''Ar-Rasyid''']]</big><br />هَارُون الرَشِيد‎الرَشِيد<br />{{small|17 Maret 766 {{ndash}} 24 Maret 809}}

|align="center" |[[Muhammad bin Harun al-Amin|Muhammad<br /><big>'''Al-Amin''']]</big><br />محمد الأمين‎الأمين<br />{{small|787 {{ndash}} 27 September 813}}

|align="center" |[[Ma'mun Ar-Rasyid|'Abdullah<br /><big>'''Al-Ma'mun''']]</big><br />عبد الله المأمون‎المأمون<br />{{small|14 September 786 {{ndash}} 7 Agustus 833}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Mu'tashim Billah|Muhammad<br /><big>'''Al-Mu'tashim Billah''']]</big><br />محمد المعتصم بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|Oktober 796 {{ndash}} 5 Januari 842}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Muhtadi|Muhammad<br /><big>'''Al-Muhtadi Billah''']]</big><br />محمد المهتدي بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|833 {{ndash}} 21 Juni 870}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Mu'tamid|Ahmad<br /><big>'''Al-Mu'tamid 'Alallah''']]</big><br />أحمد المعتمد على الله‎الله<br />{{small|sekitar 842 {{ndash}} 15 Oktober 892}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Mu'tadhid|Ahmad<br /><big>'''Al-Mu'tadhid Billah''']]</big><br />أحمد المعتضد بالله‎‎بالله<br />{{small|857 {{ndash}} 5 April 902}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Muktafi|'Ali<br /><big>'''Al-Muktafi Billah''']]</big><br />علي المكتفي بالله‎‎بالله<br />{{small|877 {{ndash}} 13 Agustus 908}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Muqtadir|Ja'far<br /><big>'''Al-Muqtadir Billah''']]</big><br />جعفر المقتدر بالله‎‎بالله<br />{{small|13 November 895 {{ndash}} 31 Oktober 932}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Qahir|Muhammad<br /><big>'''Al-Qahir Billah''']]</big><br />محمد القاهر بالله‎‎بالله<br />{{small|899 {{ndash}} 950}}

|align="center" |[[Ar-Radhi|Muhammad<br /><big>'''Ar-Radhi Billah''']]</big><br />محمد الراضي بالله‎‎بالله<br />{{small|Desember 909 {{ndash}} 12 Desember 940}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Mustakfi|'Abdullah<br /><big>'''Al-Mustakfi Billah''']]</big><br />عبد الله المستكفي بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|905 {{ndash}} September/Oktober 949}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Muthi'|Fadhl<br /><big>'''Al-Muthi' Lillah''']]</big><br />فضل المطيع لله‎لله<br />{{small|914 {{ndash}} September/Oktober 974}}

|align="center" |[[Ath-Tha'i|'Abdul Karim<br /><big>'''Ath-Tha'i Lillah''']]</big><br />عبد الكريم الطائع لله‎لله<br />{{small|932 {{ndash}} 3 Agustus 1003}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Qadir|Ahmad<br /><big>'''Al-Qadir Billah''']]</big><br />أحمد القادر بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|947 {{ndash}} 29 November 1031}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Qa'im|'Abdullah<br /><big>'''Al-Qa'im Bi Amrillah''']]</big><br />عبد الله القائم بأمر الله‎الله<br />{{small|1001 {{ndash}} 2 April 1075}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Muqtadi|'Abdullah<br /><big>'''Al-Muqtadi Bi Amrillah''']]</big><br />عبد الله المقتدي بأمر الله‎الله<br />{{small|1056 {{ndash}} 3 Februari 1094}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Mustazhir|Ahmad<br /><big>'''Al-Mustazh'hir Billah''']]</big><br />أحمد المستظهر بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|April/Mei 1078 {{ndash}} 6 Agustus 1118}}

|align="center" |[[Al-Mustarsyid|Al-Fadhl<br /><big>'''Al-Mustarsyid Billah''']]</big><br />الفضل المسترشد بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|April/Mei 1092 {{ndash}} 29 Agustus 1135}}

|align="center" |[[Ar-Rasyid|Manshur<br /><big>'''Ar-Rasyid Billah''']]</big><br />منصور الراشد بالله‎بالله<br />{{small|1109 {{ndash}} 6 Juni 1138}}

=== 'Kekhalifahan Abdullah bin Zubair (684–692) ===

'[[Abdullah bin Zubair]] menolak upaya Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan menetapkan putranya sendiri, Yazid, sebagai khalifah sepeninggalnya. Saat Yazid kemudian mangkat pada 683, 'Abdullah bin Zubair menyatakan diri sebagai khalifah. Wilayah kekuasaannya berada di kawasan Hijaz. Ibnu Zubair akhirnya terbunuh pada [[Pengepungan Makkah (692)|Pengepungan Makkah tahun 692]] oleh komandan Umayyah [[al-Hajjaj bin Yusuf]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&dq=sack+of+mecca&pg=PA647 Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O] edited by Tony Jacques</ref>

|align="center" |'''[[Al-Qa'im bi-Amr(Khalifah AllahFathimiyah)|Al-Qa'im Bi Amrillah]]'''<br />القائم بأمر الله

=== Negara Islam Irak dan SuriahSyam ===

{{Main|Negara Islam Irak dan SuriahSyam}}

Pada 29 Juni 2014, Negara Islam memproklamirkan kembalinya kekhalifahan Islam, dengan "khalifah" pertamanya sebagai Amirul Mukminin [[Abu Bakar al-Baghdadi|Abu Bakr Ibrahim bin Awwad Al-Badri Al-Husaini Al-Hashimi Al-Quraishi As-sammera' i al-Baghdadi]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Adam Withnall|date=2014-06-30|title=Iraq crisis: Isis declares its territories a new Islamic state with 'restoration of caliphate' in Middle East – Middle East – World|newspaper=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-declares-new-islamic-state-in-middle-east-with-abu-bakr-albaghdadi-as-emir-removing-iraq-and-syria-from-its-name-9571374.html|access-date=2014-07-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=29 June 2014|title=ISIS Spokesman Declares Caliphate, Rebrands Group as "Islamic State"|publisher=SITE Institute|url=https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/isis-spokesman-declares-caliphate-rebrands-group-as-islamic-state.html|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> Wilayah yang diklaim kekhalifahan pada puncaknya menguasai 12 juta orang. Pada puncaknya, Negara Islam menguasai wilayah di berbagai negara termasuk [[Irak]], [[Suriah]], [[Lebanon]], [[Nigeria]], [[Libya]], [[Filipina]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Kongo]], [[Yaman]], dan wilayah Sinai di Mesir. Selain itu, mereka menjalankan sel gerilya di banyak negara lain.<ref>{{cite news|date=13 March 2015|title=Islamic State-controlled parts of Syria, Iraq largely out of reach: Red Cross|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-icrc-idUSKBN0M921N20150313|newspaper=Reuters}}</ref><ref>[[Yusuf al-Qaradawi]] stated: "[The] declaration issued by the Islamic State is void under [[sharia]] and has dangerous consequences for the Sunnis in Iraq and for the revolt in Syria", adding that the title of caliph can "only be given by the entire Muslim nation", not by a single group. {{cite news|last=Strange|first=Hannah|date=5 July 2014|title=Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi addresses Muslims in Mosul|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/10948480/Islamic-State-leader-Abu-Bakr-al-Baghdadi-addresses-Muslims-in-Mosul.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/10948480/Islamic-State-leader-Abu-Bakr-al-Baghdadi-addresses-Muslims-in-Mosul.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=6 July 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Pada 2014-15, lusinan kelompok [[Jihadisme salafi|Salafi Jihadi]] <ref name="jihadology.net">http://jihadology.net/2015/04/19/aq-is-power-rankings-april-2015/{{Pranala mati|date=Juni 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> dan ulama<ref name="jihadica.com">{{cite web | url=https://www.jihadica.com/a-jihadi-civil-war/ | title=A Jihadi Civil War of Words: The Ghuraba' Media Foundation and Minbar al-Tawhid wa'l-Jihad }}</ref> di seluruh dunia berjanji setia kepada ISIL mengklaim Kekhalifahan.

Pada awal tahun 2022, ISIS menempati beberapa wilayah di Nigeria dan memiliki 3 juta orang di bawah kekuasaannya;<ref>{{Citation|last=Trump TV Network|title=FULL EVENT: President Donald Trump MASSIVE Rally in Elkhart, Indiana – May 10, 2018|date=2018-05-10|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ab3wW2sJVKw |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510231652/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ab3wW2sJVKw&gl=US&hl=en |archive-date=2018-05-10 |url-status=dead|access-date=2018-05-12}}. ''See 6:00''</ref> terus mempertahankan kendali atas 5 kantong gurun tak berpenghuni di Suriah Tengah.<ref>http:// name="jihadology.net"/2015/04/19/aq-is-power-rankings-april-2015/</ref> and scholars<ref>{{cite web | urlname=https://www."jihadica.com"/a-jihadi-civil-war/ | title=A Jihadi Civil War of Words: The Ghuraba' Media Foundation and Minbar al-Tawhid wa'l-Jihad }}</ref>

!"Khalifah"

|[[Abu Bakar al-Baghdadi|Abu-Bakr Ibrahim bin Awwad al-Baghdadi]]

|[[Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi|Abu-Ibrahim Al-Hashimi Al-Quraishi]]

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| OctoberOktober 2022