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{{Infobox religious group|group=Druze <br /> Al-Muwaḥḥidūn <br /> {{lang|ar|موحدّون دروز}}|image=[[File:Druze star.svg|120px]] <br /><br /> [[File:Flag of Druze.svg|120px]]|caption=[[Bintang Druze|Bintang]] dan [[bendera Druze]]|population=≈800.000<ref>{{cite book|author1=Carl Skutsch|editor1-last=Skutsch|editor1-first=Carl|title=Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities|date=7 November 2013|publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-135-19388-1|page=410|quote=Total Population: 800,000}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Robert Brenton Betts|title=The Druze|date=1 January 1990|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-04810-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/druze0000bett/page/55 55]|edition=illustrated, reprint, revised|quote=The total population of Druze throughout the world probably approaches one million.|url=https://archive.org/details/druze0000bett/page/55}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Donna Marsh|title=Doing Business in the Middle East: A cultural and practical guide for all Business Professionals|date=11 May 2015|publisher=Hachette UK|isbn=978-1-4721-3567-4|edition=revised|quote=It is believed there are no more than 1 million Druze worldwide; most live in the Levant.}}</ref>–2.000.000<ref>{{cite book|author1=Samy Swayd|title=Historical Dictionary of the Druzes|date=10 March 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-4617-1|page=3|edition=2|quote=The Druze world population at present is perhaps nearing two million; ...}}</ref>|region1={{flagcountry|Syria}}|pop1=600.000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/images/maps/Syria_Religion_Detailed_lg.png |title=Syria region map |website=gulf2000.columbia.edu |format=PNG}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-33166043|title=Syria's Druze under threat as conflict spreads|first=Faisal|last=Irshaid|date=19 June 2015|newspaper=BBC News}}</ref>|region2={{flagcountry|Lebanon}}|pop2=250.000<ref name=freedom>[https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2008/108487.htm Lebanon – International Religious Freedom Report 2008] U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 2013-06-13.</ref>|region3={{flagcountry|Israel}} dan [[Dataran Tinggi Golan]] yang [[Wilayah pendudukan Israel|diduduki Israel]]|pop3=143.000<ref name="CBS13">{{cite web|url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/DocLib/2019/122/11_19_122b.pdf|title=The Druze population in Israel – a collection of data on the occasion of the Prophet Shuaib holiday|date=2019-04-17|work=CBS – Israel|publisher=[[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]|access-date=2019-05-08}}</ref>|region4={{flagcountry|Venezuela}}|pop4=60.000<ref name="Aamama">{{cite web|title=Tariq Alaiseme [reportedly to be] vice-president of Venezuela |url=http://www.al-amama.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1110| date = 2013 | publisher=Aamama|language=ar}}: Referring governor [[Tareck El Aissami]].</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.juf.org/news/jerusalem.aspx?id=451177| title = Sending relief--and a message of inclusion and love—to our Druze sisters and brothers}}</ref>|region5={{flagcountry|United States}}|pop5=50.000<ref>{{Citation |title=Druze Traditions|publisher=Institute of Druze Studies |url=http://www.druzestudies.org/Druzes.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114032929/http://www.druzestudies.org/Druzes.html |archive-date=14 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.juf.org/news/jerusalem.aspx?id=451177| title = Sending relief--and a message of inclusion and love—to our Druze sisters and brothers}}</ref>|region6={{flagcountry|Canada}}|pop6=25.000<ref>{{cite web|title=Dating Druze: The struggle to find love in a dwindling diaspora|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/druze-dating-diaspora-toronto-exclusion-1.4904888|website=www.cbc.ca|access-date=1 May 2019}}</ref>|region7={{flagcountry|Jordan}}|pop7=20.000<ref name="auto">{{Citation |publisher=[[US State Department]] |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2005/51602.htm |title=International Religious Freedom Report |year=2005}}</ref>|region8={{flagcountry|Australia}}|pop8=20.000<ref>{{cite web|title=Druze Population of Australia by Place of Usual Residence (2006)|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/CDataOnline|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |access-date=27 July 2010}}</ref>|region9={{flagcountry|Germany}}|pop9=10.000<ref>{{cite web|title=Drusentum - Die geheime Religion (2020)|url=https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/drusentum-die-geheime-religion.886.de.html?dram:article_id=480342|publisher=[[Deutschlandfunk]] |access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref>|rels=Kepercayaan Druze|scrips=[[Rasa'il al-Hikmah]]|founder=[[Hamzah bin Ali bin Ahmad]]<ref name="The World's Greatest Religious Lead">{{cite book |editor1-last=Hendrix |editor1-first=Scott |editor2-last=Okeja |editor2-first=Uchenna |title=The World's Greatest Religious Leaders: How Religious Figures Helped Shape World History [2 volumes] |date=2018 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1440841385 |page=11}}</ref>|langs={{plainlist|
* [[bahasa Arab|Arab]] (utama)
* [[bahasa Ibrani|Ibrani]] (sebagai [[bahasa kedua]] di [[Israel]])<ref name="norman">{{cite book|title=Nations, Language and Citizenship|last=Berdichevsky|first=Norman |publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-2700-0|date=2004-02-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Sacred Places, 2nd Edition [2 volumes]|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofsa0001broc| first=Norbert |last=Brockman|year= 2011| isbn=9781598846546| page =[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofsa0001broc/page/259 259]|publisher=ABC-CLIO|quote=}}</ref>
* [[bahasa Spanyol|Spanyol]] (di [[Venezuela]] dan [[Kolombia]])
* [[bahasa Inggris|Inggris]] (di [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Kanada]], dan [[Australia]]) }}}}
'''Druze''' atau '''Arab Druze''' ({{IPAc-en|'|d|r|uː|z}};<ref>{{cite web|date=2013-07-18|title=Definition of druze|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/druze|website=Dictionary.com|access-date=2019-08-26}}</ref> {{lang-ar|دَرْزِيٌّ}}, ''{{transl|ar|darzī}}'' atau {{Lang-ar|دُرْزِيٌّ}} ''{{transl|ar|durzī}}'', jamak {{lang|ar|دُرُوزٌ|rtl=yes}}, ''{{transl|ar|durūz}}'') adalah [[kelompok etnoreligius]] [[Esoterisme Barat|esoterik]] berbahasa Arab<ref name="dawn">{{cite book|last=Chatty|first=Dawn|date=2010-03-15|title=Displacement and Dispossession in the Modern Middle East|url=https://archive.org/details/displacementdisp0000chat|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-81792-9}}</ref><ref name="Harrison1">{{cite book|author=Simon Harrison|year=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B9-LF_Of_E8C&pg=PA121|title=Fracturing Resemblances: Identity and Mimetic Conflict in Melanesia and the West|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-57181-680-1|pages=121–}}</ref> dari [[Asia Barat]] yang menganut agama Druze, sebuah [[agama Abrahamik]], [[Monoteisme|monoteistik]], [[Sinkretisme|sinkretis]], dan [[Agama etnis|etnis]] berdasarkan ajaran [[Hamzah bin Ali bin Ahmad]] dan [[Filsafat Yunani Kuno|filsuf Yunani Kuno]] seperti [[Plato]], [[Aristoteles]], [[Pythagoras]], dan [[Zenon dari Kition]].<ref name="BritishLibrary">{{cite web|last=Abulafia|first=Anna Sapir|author-link=Anna Abulafia|date=23 September 2019|title=The Abrahamic religions|url=https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-abrahamic-religions|website=www.bl.uk|publisher=[[British Library]]|location=[[London]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200712150432/https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-abrahamic-religions|archive-date=12 July 2020|access-date=9 March 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="TheDruze">{{cite book|last=Obeid|first=Anis|year=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FejqBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT1|title=The Druze & Their Faith in Tawhid|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-5257-1|page=1}}</ref><ref name="Entrepreneurship and Religion">{{cite book|author1=Léo-Paul Dana|date=1 January 2010|title=Entrepreneurship and Religion|publisher=[[Edward Elgar Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-84980-632-9|page=314}}<!--|access-date=6 January 2015--></ref><ref name="Adams Media">{{cite book|author1=Terri Morrison|author2=Wayne A. Conaway|date=24 July 2006|url=https://archive.org/details/kissboworshakeha00morr_568|title=Kiss, Bow, Or Shake Hands: The Bestselling Guide to Doing Business in More Than 60 Countries|publisher=[[Adams Media]]|isbn=978-1-59337-368-9|edition=illustrated|page=[https://archive.org/details/kissboworshakeha00morr_568/page/n274 259]|url-access=limited}}<!--|access-date=6 January 2015--></ref> Penganutnya menyebut dirinya sebagai "Monoteis" atau "Unitarian" (''al-Muwaḥḥidūn'').<ref name="wendy">{{cite book|last=Doniger|first=Wendy|year=1999|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780877790440|title=Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions|publisher=Merriam-Webster, Inc.|isbn=978-0-87779-044-0|url-access=registration}}</ref>
Kitab sucinya adalah ''[[Rasail al-Hikmah]]'', menjadi sumber hukum dasar agama Druze.<ref name="Izzeddin1993">{{cite book|author=Nejla M. Abu Izzeddin|year=1993|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BprjrZzee5EC&pg=PA108|title=The Druzes: A New Study of their History, Faith, and Society|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-09705-6|page=108}}</ref> Druze berasal dari gabungan agama [[Ismailiyah|Syiah Ismailiyah]],<ref name="farhad">{{cite book|last=Daftary|first=Farhad|date=2013-12-02|title=A History of Shi'i Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofshiiisl0000daft|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85773-524-9}}</ref> [[Kekristenan]],<ref name="auto3">{{cite book|last=Quilliam|first=Neil|year=1999|title=Syria and the New World Order|url=https://archive.org/details/syrianewworldord0000quil|publisher=Michigan University press|isbn=9780863722493|page=[https://archive.org/details/syrianewworldord0000quil/page/42 42]}}</ref><ref name="auto8">{{cite book|year=1992|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia28ency|title=The New Encyclopaedia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|isbn=9780852295533|page=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia28ency/page/237 237]|quote=Druze religious beliefs developed out of Isma'ill teachings. Various Jewish, Christian, Gnostic, Neoplatonic, and Iranian elements, however, are combined under a doctrine of strict monotheism.|url-access=registration}}</ref> [[Gnostisisme]], [[Neoplatonisme]],<ref name="auto3" /><ref name="auto8" /> [[Zoroastrianisme]],<ref name="Hitti1928">{{cite book|author=Philip Khuri Hitti|year=1928|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYgvLf2GE8YC&pg=PT27|title=The Origins of the Druze People and Religion: With Extracts from Their Sacred Writings|publisher=Library of Alexandria|isbn=978-1-4655-4662-3|pages=27–}}</ref><ref name="Sālibī2005">{{cite book|author=Kamāl Sālibī|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4YWAQAAMAAJ|title=The Druze: realities & perceptions|publisher=Druze Heritage Foundation|isbn=978-1-904850-06-9|pages=186 190}}</ref> [[Agama Buddha|Buddha]],<ref name="Conder2018">{{cite book|author=Claude Reignier Conder|date=20 September 2018|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BStwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA80|title=Palestine|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=978-3-7340-3986-7|pages=80–}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|year=1989|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rG1tAAAAMAAJ|title=Al-Rāfidān|publisher=Kokushikan Daigaku, Iraku Kodai Bunka Kenkyūjo|pages=2–}}</ref> [[Agama Hindu|Hindu]], [[Pythagoreanisme]],<ref name="Rosenthal 2003 296">{{cite book|last=Rosenthal|first=Donna|year=2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b-w6GfokajcC&pg=PA296|title=The Israelis: Ordinary People in an Extraordinary Land|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-0-684-86972-8|page=296}}</ref><ref name="kamlesh">{{cite book|last=Kapur|first=Kamlesh|year=2010|title=History of Ancient India|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=978-81-207-4910-8}}</ref> dan filsafat dan keyakinan lainnya, sehingga menciptakan teologi yang berbeda dan rahasia berdasarkan interpretasi esoterik kitab suci, yang menekankan peran pikiran dan kebenaran.<ref name="wendy" /><ref name="kamlesh" /> Penganut Druze meyakini [[teofani]] dan [[reinkarnasi]].{{Sfn|Nisan|2002|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=keD9z1XWuNwC&pg=PA98 95]}} Druze meyakini bahwa pada akhir siklus kelahiran kembali, yang dicapai melalui reinkarnasi, jiwa akan bersatu dengan pemikiran kosmis (''{{lang|ae-Latn|al-ʻaql al-kullī}}'').<ref name="Druze">{{cite web|date=2015|title=Druze|url=http://www.druze.org.au/religion/|publisher=druze.org.au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214100847/http://www.druze.org.au/religion/|archive-date=14 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Penganut Druze memiliki pujian istimewa kepada nabi dalam Al-Qur'an, [[Syuaib]], yang mereka yakini sebagai orang yang sama dengan [[Yitro]] dalam Alkitab.<ref>{{cite book|year=2013|title=A Political and Economic Dictionary of the Middle East|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135355616|quote=}}</ref> Druze meyakini bahwa [[Adam]], [[Nuh]], [[Abraham]], [[Musa]], [[Yesus]], [[Muhammad]], dan [[Ismail bin Ja'far]] merupakan nabi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Finegan|first=Jack|date=1981|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tqxtAAAAMAAJ&q=%22seven+prophets%22|title=Discovering Israel: An Archeological Guide to the Holy Land|publisher=Eerdmans|isbn=978-0-8028-1869-0|language=en}}</ref> Tradisi Druze juga menghormati [[Salman al-Farisi]],<ref>{{cite book|last=D Nisan|first=Mordechai|year=2015|title=Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle and Self-Expression, 2d ed.|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786451333|page=94|quote=}}</ref> [[Khidr]] (yang mereka yakini sebagai [[Elia]], lahir kembali sebagai [[Yohanes Pembaptis]] dan [[Saint George|Santo Georgius]]),<ref name="auto12">{{cite book|last=Swayd|first=Samy|year=2015|title=Historical Dictionary of the Druzes|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1442246171|page=77}}</ref> [[Ayub]], [[Lukas sang Penginjil]], dan lain-lainnya sebagai "pengajar" dan "nabi".<ref>{{cite book|last=S. Swayd|first=Samy|year=2009|title=The A to Z of the Druzes|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9780810868366|page=109|quote=They also cover the lives and teachings of some biblical personages, such as Job, Jethro, Jesus, John, Luke, and others}}</ref>
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Kaum Druze kebanyakan tinggal di [[Lebanon]], meskipun ada pula komunitas yang kecil di [[Israel]], [[Suriah]], dan [[Yordania]].
Komunitas-komunitas besar yang terdiri dari kaum ekspatriat terdapat di [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Kanada]], [[Amerika Latin]], [[Afrika Barat]], [[Australia]] dan [[Eropa]]. Mereka menggunakan [[bahasa Arab]] dan mengikuti pola sosial yang sangat mirip dengan orang-orang [[bangsa Arab|Arab]] lainnya dari wilayah itu. Kebanyakan Druze menganggap diri mereka Arab.<ref>Walid Jumlat, head of Lebanese Progressive Party. [https://archive.
Diperkirakan ada sekitar 2,3 juta Druze di seluruh dunia, dan kebanyakan daripadanya berada di [[Levant]] atau Mediterania Timur.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3612002.stm]</ref> Namun, sejumlah orang memperkirakan keseluruhan populasi Druze hanyalah sekitar 450.000 orang saja.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.adherents.com/adh_branches.html#Islam |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2006-08-15 |archive-date=2019-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106014508/http://www.adherents.com/adh_branches.html#Islam |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
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[[Berkas:Constantinople(1878)-Druse_woman.png|jmpl|100px|Seorang perempuan Druze di [[Istanbul]] pada masa [[Kekaisaran Ottoman]].]]
Agama ini berkembang dari [[Syi'ah]] [[Ismailiyah]], sebuah gerakan filsafat yang didasarkan pada [[Bani Fatimiyah]], pada [[abad ke-10]]
Ada dua pelaku utama pada tahun-tahun permulaannya: Penguasa Fātimiyah yang saleh ''Tariqu l-Ḥakīm'' (985–1021)--juga dikenal sebagai [[Al-hakim]] atau ''[[al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah|al-Ḥakīm bi-ˤAmru l-Lāh]]'' ("Pemimpin di dalam Nama Allah")--adalah seorang kalifah Ismaili dari Mesir yang dipercayai oleh sebagian orang sebagai benar-benar penjelmaan Allah. Imigran Persia [[Hamza ibn-'Ali ibn-Ahmad|Hamza ibn ˤAlī ibn Aḥmad]] adalah arsitek utama gerakan ini. [[Imam Syiah|Imām]] Ḥamza inilah yang pertama-tama secara terbuka mengumumkan bahwa Ḥakīm lebih daripada seorang manusia biasa.
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* [http://sa.druze.org.au/ Komunitas Druze Australia Selatan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912033037/http://sa.druze.org.au/ |date=2009-09-12 }}
* [http://www.druzestudies.org/ Lembaga Studi Druze]
* [http://www.druze.org.il/ Online Druz Israel - bahasa Ibrani] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208073206/http://www.druze.org.il/ |date=2007-12-08 }}
* [http://www.europeandruzesociety.com/ Perhimpunan Druze Eropa]
* [http://www.druzenet.org/ Druzenet: Penerbitan bahasa Inggris]
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* [http://faculty-staff.ou.edu/L/Joshua.M.Landis-1/Joshua_Landis_Druze_and_Shishakli.htm Bangkit dan runtuhnya Druze Suriah]
* [http://www.druzecafe.com/ Bertemu Druze dari seluruh dunia]
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/druse.htm Druse, Druze, Mowahhidoon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316205855/http://www.religioustolerance.org/druse.htm |date=2021-03-16 }} digambarkan dalam situs OCRT
== Referensi ==
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[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Suriah]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Lebanon]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Gnostisisme]]
[[Kategori:Hermetisisme]]
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[[Kategori:Filsafat Pythagoras]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Timur Tengah]]
[[Kategori:Agama
[[Kategori:Druze| ]]
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