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Revisi per 13 Januari 2023 01.07 sunting Eustatius Strijder (bicara \| kontrib) 918 suntingan →Politisi Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 7 Juli 2024 10.48 sunting balikkan Faldi00 (bicara \| kontrib) 1.711 suntingan Menambahkan Abubakar Tabuni
(317 revisi perantara oleh 59 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: {{pp-vandalism\|small=yes}}{{Infobox military conflict\|partof=[[Persengketaan Irian Barat\|Persengketaan Nugini Barat]] dan [[Dekolonisasi Oseania]]\|conflict=Konflik Papua\|image=\|caption=Foto Atas; Pasukan [[TNI]] Sedang Patroli di Sebuah [[Hutan]] di [[Papua]], Foto Bawah; Pasukan [[Organisasi Papua Merdeka\|OPM]] Sedang memamerkan Senjata Mereka\|date=1 Oktober 1962 – sekarang\|place=[[Papua (wilayah Indonesia)]]; [[Papua Nugini]] (sepanjang perbatasan)\|casus=\|territory=\|status=[[Daftar konflik bersenjata yang sedang berlangsung\|Masih berlangsung]]\|combatant1={{flag\|Indonesia}}<br />{{flag\|Papua Nugini}}<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/west-papua-issues-wont-go-away-melanesiahttps%3A//www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/west-papua-issues-wont-go-away-melanesia\|title="West Papua: The Issue That Won't Go Away for Melanesia"\|website=www.lowyinstitute.org\|language=en\|access-date=2020-08-08\|archive-date=2021-05-06\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506140859/https://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/west-papua-issues-wont-go-away-melanesiahttps://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/west-papua-issues-wont-go-away-melanesia\|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20190911150753-106-429538/menlu-respons-soal-gubernur-papua-nugini-dukung-papua-merdeka\|title=Menlu Respons soal Gubernur Papua Nugini Dukung Papua Merdeka\|last=Indonesia\|first=C. N. N.\|website=internasional\|language=id-ID\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref><br /><small></small><br />'''Didukung:'''<br /> ~~{{ref improve\|date=November 2013}}~~ {{flag\|Amerika Serikat}} (1969–1992)<br/>{{flag\|Australia}}<ref>{{Cite news\|title=Australia risks Papua conflict role -- activists\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSYD109325\|newspaper=Reuters\|date=2007-03-27\|access-date=2020-08-08\|language=en}}</ref> ~~{{Infobox military conflict~~ <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ending our pragmatic complicity in West Papua\|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-10-28/rollo-west-papua-complicity/5049204\|newspaper=www.abc.net.au\|date=2013-10-28\|access-date=2020-08-08\|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/05/australia-should-go-to-papua-and-see-the-human-rights-situation-for-itself\|title=Australia should go to Papua and see the human rights situation for itself\|date=2016-11-04\|website=the Guardian\|language=en\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref><br/>{{flag\|Uni Soviet}} (1962–1964){{br}}{{flag\|Fiji}}{{br}}\|combatant2={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Organisasi Papua Merdeka]]<br />'''Didukung:'''<br/> ~~\|conflict=Konflik Papua~~ {{Flag\|Libya\|1977}} (kira-kira 1987–1990-an)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Libyan+terrorism:+the+case+against+Gaddafi.-a014151801\|title=Libyan terrorism: the case against Gaddafi. - Free Online Library\|website=www.thefreelibrary.com\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref>{{br}}{{flag\|Vanuatu}}{{br}}{{flag\|Palau}}{{br}}{{flag\|Tuvalu}}{{br}}{{flag\|Kepulauan Solomon}}{{br}}{{flag\|Nauru}}{{br}}{{flag\|Samoa}}{{br}}{{flag\|Tonga}}\|commander1='''Sekarang'''<br/>{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Joko Widodo]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Ma'ruf Amin]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Prabowo Subianto]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Agus Subiyanto]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Listyo Sigit Prabowo]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Budi Gunawan]] ~~\|image=[[Berkas:New guinea named.PNG\|270px]]~~ ~~\|caption=Administrasi di Pulau Papua~~ ~~{{legend\|#3ce47c\|[[Provinsi Papua]]}}~~ ~~{{legend\|#a4f494\|[[Provinsi Papua Barat]]}}~~ ~~{{legend\|#fcfcd4\|[[Papua Nugini]]}}~~ ~~\| date = 1 Oktober 1962 – sekarang~~ ~~\| place = [[Provinsi Papua]], [[Indonesia]]; [[Papua Nugini]] (sepanjang perbatasan)~~ ~~\| casus =~~ ~~\| territory =~~ ~~\| status = [[Daftar konflik bersenjata yang sedang berlangsung\|Masih berlangsung]]~~ ~~\| combatant1 = {{flag\|Indonesia}}</small><br />'''Didukung:'''<br />~~ ~~{{flag\|Amerika Serikat}} (1969–1992)<br/>{{flag\|Uni Soviet}} (1962–1964)~~ ~~\| combatant2 = {{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Organisasi Papua Merdeka]]<br />'''Didukung:'''<br/>~~ {{flag\|Britania Raya}}<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://tirto.id/dukungan-internasional-untuk-papua-merdeka-cu9o\|title=Dukungan Internasional untuk Papua Merdeka\|website=tirto.id}}</ref><br>{{flag\|Ghana}}<br>{{flag\|Saint Vincent dan Grenadine}}<ref>{{cite web\|url= https://www.freewestpapua.org/2017/09/26/st-vincent-the-grenadines-supports-west-papuan-self-determination-at-the-united-nations-general-assembly/ \|title= St Vincent & The Grenadines supports West Papuan self-determination at the United Nations General Assembly\|website=freewestpapua.org}}</ref><br>{{flag\|Vanuatu}}<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://pacific.scoop.co.nz/2010/06/vanuatu-to-seek-observer-status-for-west-papua-at-msg-and-pif-leaders-summits/\|title=Pacific.scoop.co.nz » Vanuatu to seek observer status for West Papua at MSG and PIF leaders summits\|language=en\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/programmes/datelinepacific/audio/201860156/fiery-debate-over-west-papua-at-un-general-assembly\|title=Fiery debate over West Papua at UN General Assembly\|date=2017-09-27\|website=RNZ\|language=en-nz\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref>{{br}}{{flag\|Palau}}{{br}}{{flag\|Senegal}}<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://westpapuamedia.info/2010/12/20/president-of-senegal-west-papua-is-now-an-issue-for-all-black-africans/\|title=President of Senegal – “West Papua is now an issue for all black Africans”\|last=westpapuamedia\|date=2010-12-19\|website=West Papua Media Alerts\|language=en\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref>{{br}}{{flag\|Samoa}}<br/>{{Flag\|Libya\|1977}} (kira-kira 1987–1990-an)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Libyan+terrorism:+the+case+against+Gaddafi.-a014151801\|title=Libyan terrorism: the case against Gaddafi. - Free Online Library\|website=www.thefreelibrary.com\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref><br/>{{flag\|Kaledonia Baru}}<br/>{{flag\|Tonga}}<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/285742/tonga%27s-pm-highlights-papua-issue-at-un\|title=Tonga's PM highlights Papua issue at UN\|date=2015-10-01\|website=RNZ\|language=en-nz\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref> \| commander1 = '''Sekarang'''<br/>{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Joko Widodo]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Ma'ruf Amin]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Prabowo Subianto]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Yudo Margono]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Listyo Sigit Prabowo]]<br />{{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Budi Gunawan]] {{Collapsible list \|framestyle=border:none; padding:0; <!--di atas--> \|title=Sebelumnya: \|1={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Suharto]] \|2={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[~~Benny~~Leonardus Benyamin Moerdani]] \|3={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Wiranto]] \|4={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Try Sutrisno]] \|5={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[~~Herman~~B. ~~Asaribab~~J. Habibie]]~~{{KIA}}~~ \|6={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Abdurrahman Wahid]] \|7={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Megawati Sukarnoputri]] \|8={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono]] \| ~~commander2~~ \|9={{flagdeco\|Indonesia}} [[Andika Perkasa]]}}\|commander2='''Sekarang'''<br/>{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Jacob Prai]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Benny Wenda]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Mathias Wenda]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Jacob Rumbiak]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Egianus Kogoya]]<br>{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Sebby Sambom]]▼ }} ▲\| commander2 = '''Sekarang'''<br/>{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Jacob Prai]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Benny Wenda]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Mathias Wenda]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Jacob Rumbiak]]<br />{{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Egianus Kogoya]] {{Collapsible list \|framestyle=border:none; padding:0; <!--di atas--> \|title=Sebelumnya: \|1={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Goliath Tabuni]]{{Surrendered}} \|2={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[~~Filep~~Kelly ~~Karma~~Kwalik]]{{~~Surrendered~~KIA}} \|3={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} ~~[[Kelly~~Joni ~~Kwalik]]~~Botak{{KIA}} \|4={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[~~Mako~~Abubakar Tabuni]]{{KIA}} \|5={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Theys Eluay]]{{KIA}} \|6={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Buchtar Tabuni]]{{POW}} \|7={{flagicon image\|Morning Star flag.svg}} [[Yusak Pakage]]{{POW}} }}\|units1={{ubl\|[[Tentara Nasional Indonesia]] }} [[Kodam XVII/Cenderawasih]] ~~\| casualties1 =~~ [[Kodam XVIII/Kasuari]]}}{{ubl\|[[Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia ]]\|Barisan Merah Putih<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Briantika\|first=Adi\|title=TPNPB Klaim Tembak Mati Mata-Mata di Intan Jaya, Papua\|url=https://tirto.id/tpnpb-klaim-tembak-mati-mata-mata-di-intan-jaya-papua-fESQ\|access-date=2020-07-25\|website=tirto.id\|language=id}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Papua\|first=Jagat\|date=30 August 2019\|title=Barisan Merah Putih Dukung Tanah Papua Sebagai Bagian Dari NKRI Yang Sah\|url=https://www.jagatpapua.com/barisan-merah-putih-dukung-tanah-papua-sebagai-bagian-dari-nkri-yang-sah/\|access-date=2020-07-25\|website=Jagat Papua\|language=id-ID}}</ref> ~~\| casualties2 =~~ \| Warga sipil pro-Indonesia<ref name="kompas01feb21">{{Cite web\|date=1 February 2021\|title=KKB Kembali Berulah, Warga di Intan Jaya Resah\|url=https://www.kompas.id/baca/nusantara/2021/02/01/kkb-kembali-berulah-warga-di-intan-jaya-resah/\|access-date=2021-02-16\|website=kompas.id}}</ref> \| casualties3 = 100,000<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/papua0207webwcover.pdf \|title=Microsoft Word - papua0207.doc \|format=PDF \|date= \|accessdate=2020-05-18}}</ref> - 500.000<ref name=celerier>Philippe Pataud Celerier, [http://mondediplo.com/2010/06/14indonesia Autonomy isn’t independence; Indonesian democracy stops in Papua], [[Le Monde Diplomatique]], June 2010</ref> }}\|units2={{ubl\| Unit otonom berafiliasi dengan [[Tentara Pembebasan Nasional Papua Barat]] (TPNPB) atau Tentara Revolusi West Papua (TRWP)<ref>{{cite report\|publisher=Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict\|title=The current status of the Papuan pro-independence movement\|date=24 August 2015\|location=Jakarta\|url=http://file.understandingconflict.org/file/2015/08/IPAC_21_Papuan_Pro-Independence_Movement.pdf\|series=IPAC Report\|number=21\|oclc=974913162\|access-date=24 October 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911045408/http://file.understandingconflict.org/file/2015/08/IPAC_21_Papuan_Pro-Independence_Movement.pdf\|archive-date=11 September 2015\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=38 Year TPN-OPM No Unity and Struggle After the Reformation\|url=https://tpnpbnews.files.wordpress.com/2016/06/38-year-tpn-opm-no-unity-and-struggle-after-the-reformation.pdf\|website=National Liberation Army of West Papua (TPNPB)\|date=9 June 2016\|access-date=24 October 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024073637/https://tpnpbnews.files.wordpress.com/2016/06/38-year-tpn-opm-no-unity-and-struggle-after-the-reformation.pdf\|archive-date=24 October 2017\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=Intelligencereport>{{cite report\|first=Major Arm Fence D\|last=Maran\|title=Anatomy of Separatists\|url=https://sydney.edu.au/arts/peace_conflict/docs/Kopassus_Anatomy_of_Papuan_Separatists.pdf\|publisher=Indonesian intelligence\|date=2008\|access-date=22 October 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017030749/http://sydney.edu.au/arts/peace_conflict/docs/Kopassus_Anatomy_of_Papuan_Separatists.pdf\|archive-date=17 October 2011\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>\|[[Persatuan Gerakan Pembebasan Papua Barat]] (ULMWP)<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.abc.net.au/radio-australia/programs/pacificbeat/solomons-pm-softens-west-papua-self-determination-support/11053370\|title=West Papua liberation movement announces provisional govt\|date=3 December 2020\|publisher=RNZ\|access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref>\| Warga sipil pro-kemerdekaan<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Tasevki\|first=Olivia\|title= West Papua's Quest for Independence\|url=https://asiapacificreport.nz/2021/11/21/13-years-of-indonesian-harassment-but-knpbs-spirit-remains-unbroken/\|access-date=2022-12-23\|website=The Diplomat\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Lestari\|first=Sri\|title= Ribuan pengunjuk rasa tuntut kemerdekaan Papua Barat\|url= https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia/2011/08/110802_papua_demo\|access-date=2022-12-23\|website=BBC News Indonesia\|language=id}}</ref>}}\|casualties1=setidaknya 72 TNI dan 34 polisi tewas <br>'''Total:''' 106 aparat keamanan tewas (2010 – Maret 2022)<ref name="databoks.katadata.co.id">{{cite web \| url=https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/06/16/kekerasan-di-papua-telan-ratusan-korban-jiwa-mayoritas-warga-sipil \| title=Kekerasan di Papua Telan Ratusan Korban Jiwa, Mayoritas Warga Sipil \| Databoks }}</ref>\|casualties2=setidaknya 69 TPNPB–OPM tewas (2010 – Maret 2023)\|casualties3=320 masyarakat sipil ([[Orang Asli Papua\|OAP]] dan non-OAP) tewas (2010 – Maret 2022)<ref name="databoks.katadata.co.id"/>{{br}}Perkiraan jangka panjang bervariasi antara 100,000<ref name="Crocombe">{{cite book\|title=Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West\|first=R. G.\|last=Crocombe\|date=2007\|url={{Google books\|iDg9oAkwsXAC\|page=287\|plainurl=yes}}\|publisher=IPS Publications, University of the South Pacific\|isbn=9789820203884\|location=Suva, Fiji\|page=287}}</ref>- 500.000 warga sipil tewas<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Jacob \|first1=Frank \|title=Genocide and Mass Violence in Asia: An Introductory Reader \|date=5 August 2019 \|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG \|isbn=978-3-11-065905-4 \|page=161 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AUHEDwAAQBAJ \|language=en}}</ref> ~~<!--100,000 terlantar{{Citation needed\|date=July 2010}}~~ {{br}}}}{{Kotak kampanye konflik Papua}} <ref>{{cite web\|url=http://journal.alternatives.ca/eng/our-organisation/our-publications/analysis-and-articles/article/natural-resources-and-conflict-in \|accessdate=3 July 2011 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20120322204845/http://journal.alternatives.ca/eng/our-organisation/our-publications/analysis-and-articles/article/natural-resources-and-conflict-in \|archivedate=22 March 2012 }}</ref><br>--> <!--<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.freewestpapua.com.au/message_from_melrose.php \|accessdate=28 February 2013 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130227004600/http://www.freewestpapua.com.au/message_from_melrose.php \|archivedate=27 February 2013 }}</ref>--> }} {{Sejarah Indonesia}} '''Konflik Papua''' adalah [[konflik militer]] yang tejadi di wilayah [[Papua, Indonesia]]. diawali pada tahun [[1961]], muncul keinginan [[Belanda]] untuk membentuk negara Papua Barat yang terlepas dari [[Indonesia]],<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://indonesia-portal.de/artikel/konflikte-indonesien/papua-konflikt/papua-indonesisch.html \|title=Papua als Teil Indonesiens \|publisher=Indonesia-portal.de \|date= \|accessdate=2011-04-15 \|archive-date=2011-07-19 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719043847/http://indonesia-portal.de/artikel/konflikte-indonesien/papua-konflikt/papua-indonesisch.html \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> Langkah Belanda ini ~~dilawan~~kemudian ditentang oleh [[Presiden Indonesia]], [[Soekarno]] dengan mendekatkan diri pada negara komunis terutama [[Uni Soviet]].<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web\|url=http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/papua.htm \|title=Free Papua Movement (OPM) \|publisher=Fas.org \|date= \|accessdate=2011-04-15}}</ref> Sikap Soekarno ini membuat takut Belanda dan [[Presiden Amerika Serikat]], [[John F. Kennedy]]. Sebab jika hal itu dibiarkan maka Indonesia ~~sangat mungkin~~kemungkinan menjadi negara komunis terbesar di Asia Tenggara.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/papua0207webwcover.pdf \|title=Protest and Punishment\|format=PDF \|date= \|accessdate=2011-04-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.hrw.org/en/node/11026/section/3 \|title=Protest and Punishment \| Human Rights Watch \|publisher=Hrw.org \|date=2007-02-20 \|accessdate=2011-04-15}}</ref> Ketakutan itu lalu membuat Belanda mengambil sikap untuk menyerahkan masalah Papua ke PBB. Dari dan melalui PBB, Belanda mengambil sikap untuk keluar dari Papua dan tidak jadi mengambil, merebut, dan menjajah Papua lalu Papua diserahkan "kembali" ke Indonesia dengan syarat memberi kesempatan pada rakyat Papua untuk menentukan sikap sendiri atau referendum ([[Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat]]/PEPERA). ~~Lewat PEPERA tahun 1969, rakyat Papua memilih "tetap" dalam lingkungan Republik Indonesia.{{cn}}~~ == Ikhtisar == [[Berkas:Indonesia army soldiers.jpg\|jmpl\|kiri\|[[Tentara Nasional Indonesia]] ~~telah dituduh~~diduga melakukan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia di Papua]] Pada bulan Desember 1949, di akhir Revolusi Nasional Indonesia, Belanda sepakat untuk mengakui kedaulatan Indonesia atas wilayah bekas [[Hindia Belanda]], dengan pengecualian dari [[Papua (Indonesia)\|Papua bagian barat]], dimana Belanda terus mengakui sebagai [[Nugini Belanda]]. Pemerintah Indonesia nasionalis berpendapat bahwa itu adalah negara penerus dari Hindia Belanda dan menginginkan untuk mengakhiri kehadiran kolonial Belanda di Nusantara. Belanda berpendapat bahwa orang Papua dengan etnis yang berbeda<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Papua: Geopolitics and the Quest for Nationhood\|first=Bilveer\|last=Singh\|publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]]\|year=2008\|pages=61–64}}</ref> dan bahwa Belanda akan terus mengelola wilayah itu sampai mereka mampu menentukan nasib sendiri.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=The West New Guinea Debacle: Dutch Decolonization and Indonesia, 1945-1962\|url=https://archive.org/details/westnewguineadeb0000pend\|author=Penders, Christian Lambert Maria\|publisher=[[University of Hawaii Press]]\|year=2002\|page=[https://archive.org/details/westnewguineadeb0000pend/page/154 154]}}</ref> Dari tahun 1950 di Belanda dan negara-negara Barat sepakat bahwa Papua harus diberikan sebuah kemerdekaan sebagai negara, namun karena pertimbangan global, terutama kekhawatiran pemerintahan Kennedy untuk menjaga Indonesia berada pihak mereka dalam situasi [[Perang Dingin]], Amerika Serikat menekan Belanda untuk mengorbankan kemerdekaan Papua dan menyerahkan untuk digabung bersama Indonesia.<ref>Bilveer Singh, page 2</ref> Baris 53 ⟶ 36: Pada tahun 2004, Kampanye Papua Barat Merdeka berdasarkan UK didirikan oleh diasingkan pemimpin Papua Barat [[Benny Wenda]] untuk mendorong PBB untuk mengadakan Referendum Kemerdekaan di Papua Barat. Kampanye telah berkembang menjadi dukungan internasional dan dukungan dari tokoh-tokoh seperti peraih Nobel Perdamaian Uskup Agung [[Desmond Tutu]].<ref>{{cite web\|last=Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization\|title=West Papua: Nobel Prize Desmond Tutu calls on UN to act\|url=http://www.unpo.org/article/435\|publisher=Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization\|accessdate=15 May 2013}}</ref> Pada 2012, Kampanye mengeluarkan surat perintah penangkapan bagi Presiden Indonesia [[Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono]] untuk kunjungan kenegaraan ke Inggris pada bulan Oktober-November tahun itu. Yudhoyono memprotes ketika ia pergi di [[London]] secara teratur melihat banyaknya Bendera Nasional Papua Barat berkibar yang bila di Indonesia adalah tindakan ilegal. ~~Peminpin~~Pemimpin ULMWP (United Liberation Movement of West Papua) Benny Wenda, mendeklarasikan kemerdekaan "Papua Barat" (Papua) pada tanggal 3 Desember 2020 dan sekarang sedang menunggu respon pemerintah ~~Indoneisa~~Indonesia, terutama dengan [[Joko Widodo]], untuk membahas solusi konflik Papua.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-03\|title=Press Release: Benny Wenda ready for talks; British Ambassador summoned in Jakarta; Indonesian police and military threaten action against President Wenda\|url=https://www.ulmwp.org/press-release-benny-wenda-ready-for-talks-british-ambassador-summoned-in-jakarta-indonesian-police-and-military-threaten-action-against-president-wenda\|website=United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP)\|language=en-US\|access-date=2021-07-28}}</ref> Banyak politisi ~~Indoneisa~~Indonesia membantah aksi ini, terutama ~~Mahmud~~Mahfud MD<ref>{{Cite ~~news~~web\|date=2020-12-03\|title=Mahfud MD: Benny Wenda Membuat Ilusi, Negara Papua Barat Itu Apa?\|url=https://www.suara.com/news/2020/12/03/150604/mahfud-md-benny-wenda-membuat-ilusi-negara-papua-barat-itu-apa\|~~work~~website=~~Suara~~suara.com\|language=id\|access-date=2021-07-28~~\|last=Lesmana\|first=Agung Sandy~~}}</ref>dan ~~selainya~~lainnya. == Ringkasan == Baris 59 ⟶ 42: {{utama\|Otoritas Eksekutif Sementara PBB}} * 15 Agustus 1962: [[Perjanjian New York]] oleh [[Kerajaan Belanda]], [[Republik Indonesia]] dan [[PBB]]. Wilayah [[Papua (Indonesia)\|Irian Barat]] diserahkan oleh Kerajaan Belanda pada administrasi [[Otoritas Eksekutif Sementara PBB]], diikuti dengan pertempuran sporadis antara milisi/tentara pro-Indonesia dan pro-Belanda hingga 1969. * 1966–1967: pengeboman udara di [[Pegunungan Arfak]]. * Januari–Maret 1967: pengeboman udara wilayah [[Ayamaru]] dan [[Teminabuan]]. * 1967: [[Operasi Tumpas]], 1.500 diduga tewas di Ayamaru, Teminabuan, dan [[~~Inanuatan~~Inanwatan]]. * April 1969: pengeboman udara [[Danau Wissel]] (daerah [[Paniai]] dan [[Enarotali]]); 14.000 orang yang selamat melarikan diri ke hutan. === Era Orde Baru === Baris 68 ⟶ 51: * Juli–Agustus 1969: [[Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat]] menentukan bahwa wilayah Irian Barat adalah wilayah kedaulatan [[Republik Indonesia]]. * Juni 1971: Henk de Mari melaporkan 55 pria dari dua desa di Biak Utara tewas. Berita diterbitkan harian Belanda ''[[De Telegraaf]]'', Oktober 1974. * ~~Tanpa sumber~~1971–1974: 500 mayat ditemukan di hutan Kecamatan Lereh, barat daya [[Bandara Sentani]], [[Jayapura]]. * 1974: Didi [[Biak Utara]], 45 orang tewas. * 1975: Didi Biak, setidaknya 41 orang dari desa Arwam dan Rumbin tewas. * 1977: pengeboman udara Akimuga (tambang [[Freeport McMoRan]] Inc.). * 1977–1978: pengeboman udara [[Lembah Baliem]]. * April 1978: ~~Enam~~enam mayat yang tidak dapat diidentifikasikan ditemukan di kecamatan Dosai, Jayapura. * Mei 1978: ~~Lima~~lima pemimpin [[OPM]] tewas dan 125 penduduk desa ditembak karena dicurigai simpatisan OPM. * Juni 1978: 14 mayat korban tembak ditemukan di Barat Bandara Sentani, Jayapura. * Tanpa sumber: di Biak Utara, 12 orang tertembak. ==== 1980–1998 ==== * 1981: 10 tewas, 58 menghilang di daerah Paniai. * Juni–Agustus 1981: [[Operasi Sapu Bersih]], populasi [[Ampas Waris]] dan desa [[Batte-Arso]] menjadi korban. * September–Desember 1981: 13.000 orang diduga tewas di dataran tinggi tengah. * Juli 1984: Angkatan Laut, Udara, dan Darat menyerbu ~~Desa~~desa Nagasawa / Ormo Kecil, 200 orang tewas. * Tanpa sumber: ~~Bombardir~~bombardir dari laut di Taronta, Takar, dan desa pesisir Masi-Masi; yang selamat melarikan diri ke arah Jayapura; pada 1950 masih dikuasai Belanda dan masing-masing desa berpopulasi 1.~~500-2~~500–2.000 orang. * 24 Juni 1985: 2.500 tewas di wilayah [[Kabupaten Paniai]], [[Danau Wissel]], termasuk 115 dari desa-desa [[Iwandoga]] dan [[Kugapa]]. * 1986–1987: 34 tertembak di Paniai / Distrik Danau Wissel. * 8 Januari 1996: [[Krisis sandera Mapenduma]], militan OPM yang dipimpin [[Kelly Kwalik]] menyandera 26 orang di [[Irian Jaya]],<ref name="autogenerated2"/> memicu [[Operasi pembebasan sandera Mapenduma]] (dua sandera tewas) dan [[Insiden Penembakan Timika]] 1996 (16 orang tewas).<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/soldier-kills-14-in-indonesian-airport-1305133.html\|title=Soldier kills 14 in Indonesian airport\|date=1996-04-16\|website=The Independent\|language=en\|access-date=2020-08-08\|archive-date=2017-10-23\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023201429/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/soldier-kills-14-in-indonesian-airport-1305133.html\|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/15-killed-12-injured-in-gun-attack-1.39555\|title=15 killed, 12 injured in gun attack\|website=The Irish Times\|language=en\|access-date=2020-08-08}}</ref> * 15 Mei 1996: Krisis sandera Mapenduma, berakhir dengan serbuan Kopassus ke ~~Desa~~desa [[Geselama]], di [[Mimika]].<ref>{{Cite web\|date=1999-08-27\|title=ICRC role during the Irian Jaya hostage crisis (January-May 1996)- ICRC\|url=https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/resources/documents/misc/57jpz2.htm\|access-date=2020-08-08\|website=www.icrc.org\|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Stout\|first=Chris E.\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o6s84xxDakkC\|title=The Psychology of Terrorism: Clinical aspects and responses\|date=2002\|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group\|isbn=978-0-275-97866-2\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=1996-05-17\|title=Hostage watched as two friends were killed\|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/hostage-watched-as-two-friends-were-killed-1347695.html\|access-date=2020-08-08\|website=The Independent\|language=en}}</ref> === Era Reformasi === Baris 124 ⟶ 107: * 6 Juli 2011:. Tiga tentara ditembak saat bentrokan dengan penyerang tak dikenal di Desa Kalome, Tingginambut.<ref name="thejakartaglobe.com">{{cite web\|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/soldier-killed-in-another-ambush-in-papua/454296 \|title=Soldier Killed in Another Ambush in Papua \|publisher=The Jakarta Globe \|date=2011-07-21 \|accessdate=2013-12-04}}</ref> * 20 Juli 2011: Seorang perwira TNI tewas dalam penyergapan terhadap pasukan keamanan di distrik Puncak Jaya di Papua oleh pemberontak.<ref name="thejakartaglobe.com"/> * 31 Juli 2011:. Pemberontak menyerang sebuah mobil di Papua dengan senjata, kapak dan pisau menewaskan seorang tentara dan tiga warga sipil dan melukai tujuh orang, OPM menyangkal bertanggung jawab.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.chine-informations.com/actualite/asie/un-soldat-et-trois-civils-tues-dans-une-attaque-en-indonesie_7917.html \|title=Un soldat et trois civils tués dans une attaque en Indonésie - Actualité Asie \|publisher=Chine-informations.com \|date= \|accessdate=2013-12-04 \|archive-date=2013-01-19 \|archive-url=https://archive.istoday/20130119030550/http://www.chine-informations.com/actualite/asie/un-soldat-et-trois-civils-tues-dans-une-attaque-en-indonesie_7917.html \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://australianetworknews.com/stories/201108/3283736.htm?desktop \|title=(Australian Broadcasting Corporation) \|publisher=Australia Network News \|date= \|accessdate=2013-12-04 \|archive-date=2012-03-14 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314104428/http://australianetworknews.com/stories/201108/3283736.htm?desktop \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> * 1 Agustus 2011: Polri menyatakan bahwa anggota OPM menewaskan empat warga sipil di dekat [[Tanjakan Gunung Merah]], [[Paniai]].<ref>{{cite web \|author= \|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/08/01/opm-launched-double-attacks-against-civilians-police.html \|title=OPM launched double attacks against civilians: Police \|publisher=The Jakarta Post \|date=2011-08-01 \|accessdate=2013-12-04 \|archive-date=2014-11-03 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103164200/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/08/01/opm-launched-double-attacks-against-civilians-police.html \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> * 2 Agustus 2011: Seorang personel TNI yang menjaga sebuah pos militer di Tingginambut tewas tertembak. Di kota Mulia dua penembakan terhadap target polisi dan militer melukai seorang tentara.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web\|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/separatists-kill-soldier-attack-chopper-in-papua-police/457062 \|title=Separatists Kill Soldier, Attack Chopper in Papua: Police \|publisher=The Jakarta Globe \|date=2011-08-03 \|accessdate=2013-12-04}}</ref> Baris 132 ⟶ 115: * 5 Desember 2011:. Dua perwira kepolisian tewas di Puncak Jaya selama tembak-menembak dengan tersangka anggota OPM.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2011/12/05/Two-policemen-die-in-Papua-shootout/UPI-71961323084480/?spt=hs&or=tn \|title=Two policemen die in Papua shootout \|publisher=UPI.com \|date= \|accessdate=2013-12-04}}</ref> * 12 Desember 2011: kepolisian menyergap markas grup lokal OPM. Polisi menyita senjata api, amunisi, pisau, perlengkapan perang, dokumen, bendera Bintang Kejora dan menewaskan 14 militan.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/soldiers-kill-suspected-opm-member-in-gunfight/489619 \|title=Soldiers Kill Suspected OPM Member in Gunfight \|publisher=The Jakarta Globe \|date=2012-01-06 \|accessdate=2013-12-04}}</ref> * Juni 2012, Koordinator [[Komite Nasional Papua Barat]] (KNPB) [[Mako Tabuni]] meninggal di rumah sakit setelah mengalami luka tembak dalam operasi penangkapan oleh kepolisian Jayapura.<ref>{{~~Cite~~cite ~~news~~web\|url=http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2012/06/15/20030268/Penembakan.Mako.Tabuni.Hingga.Tewas.Dipertanyakan \|title=Kompas - Penembakan Mako Tabuni Hingga Tewas Dipertanyakan' \|publisher=kompas.com \|date=2012-06-15 \|accessdate=2014-03-19~~\|last=Revianur \|first=Aditya \|editor-last=Wahono \|editor-first=Tri \|work=[[Kompas.com]]~~ }}</ref> * 22 Februari 2013, sebuah helikopter TNI rusak akibat tembakan dari darat ketika mencoba untuk mengevakuasi mayat personel yang tewas melawan OPM sebelumnya. Setidaknya 3 anggota kru terluka. 8 personel TNI tewas dalam tembak-menembak sebelumnya.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21543452 \|title=BBC News - Indonesian army helicopter 'shot at in Papua' \|publisher=Bbc.co.uk \|date=2013-02-22 \|accessdate=2013-12-04}}</ref> ==Negara yang mendukung penentuan nasib sendiri di Majelis Umum PBB== Negara-negara berikut telah mengecam [[Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat]] dan/atau mendukung [[penentuan nasib sendiri]] Papua: * {{flag\|Saint Vincent dan Grenadine}} – Saint Vincent dan Grenadines menyatakan dukungan mereka untuk penentuan nasib sendiri Papua pada tahun 2017 di ~~UNGA~~Majelis Umum PBB, yang disampaikan oleh Wakil Perdana Menteri, H.E. Mr. [[Louis Straker]].<ref>{{cite news \|title= St Vincent & The Grenadines supports West Papuan self-determination at the United Nations General Assembly \|url= https://www.freewestpapua.org/2017/09/26/st-vincent-the-grenadines-supports-west-papuan-self-determination-at-the-united-nations-general-assembly/\|date=26 September 2017\|via=www.freewestpapua.org}}</ref>▼ * {{flag\|Ghana}} – Pada tahun 1969, Ghana memimpin sekelompok negara Afrika untuk mengecam [[Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat]] di Majelis Umum PBB.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Help-us-fight-for-independence-West-Papua-calls-on-Ghana-422074\|title=Help us fight for independence – West Papua calls on Ghana\|website=ghanaweb.com\|date=9 March 2016}}</ref> * {{flag\|Vanuatu}} – Vanuatu mensahkan [[Wantok Blong Yumi Bill]] pada tahun 2010<ref name="auto">{{cite news\|last1=Manning\|first1=Selwyn\|title=Vanuatu to seek observer status for West Papua at MSG and PIF leaders summits\|url=http://pacific.scoop.co.nz/2010/06/vanuatu-to-seek-observer-status-for-west-papua-at-msg-and-pif-leaders-summits/\|access-date=20 October 2017\|work=Pacific Scoop\|date=22 June 2010\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022033555/http://pacific.scoop.co.nz/2010/06/vanuatu-to-seek-observer-status-for-west-papua-at-msg-and-pif-leaders-summits/\|archive-date=22 October 2017\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> dan menyatakan dukungan mereka untuk penentuan nasib sendiri Papua pada tahun 2017 di ~~UNGA~~Majelis Umum PBB.<ref name="Radion17">{{cite news\|title=Fiery debate over West Papua at UN General Assembly\|url=http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/programmes/datelinepacific/audio/201860156/fiery-debate-over-west-papua-at-un-general-assembly\|access-date=7 October 2017\|work=Radio New Zealand 2017\|date=27 September 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001165326/http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/programmes/datelinepacific/audio/201860156/fiery-debate-over-west-papua-at-un-general-assembly\|archive-date=1 October 2017\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>▼ ▲* {{flag\|Saint Vincent dan Grenadine}} – Saint Vincent dan Grenadines menyatakan dukungan mereka untuk penentuan nasib sendiri Papua pada tahun 2017 di UNGA, yang disampaikan oleh Wakil Perdana Menteri, H.E. Mr. [[Louis Straker]].<ref>{{cite news \|title= St Vincent & The Grenadines supports West Papuan self-determination at the United Nations General Assembly \|url= https://www.freewestpapua.org/2017/09/26/st-vincent-the-grenadines-supports-west-papuan-self-determination-at-the-united-nations-general-assembly/\|date=26 September 2017\|via=www.freewestpapua.org}}</ref> * {{flag\|Kepulauan Solomon}} – Kepulauan Solomon menyatakan dukungan mereka untuk penentuan nasib sendiri Papua pada tahun 2017 di ~~UNGA~~Majelis Umum PBB.<ref name="Radion17" />▼ ▲* {{flag\|Vanuatu}} – Vanuatu mensahkan [[Wantok Blong Yumi Bill]] pada tahun 2010<ref name="auto">{{cite news\|last1=Manning\|first1=Selwyn\|title=Vanuatu to seek observer status for West Papua at MSG and PIF leaders summits\|url=http://pacific.scoop.co.nz/2010/06/vanuatu-to-seek-observer-status-for-west-papua-at-msg-and-pif-leaders-summits/\|access-date=20 October 2017\|work=Pacific Scoop\|date=22 June 2010\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022033555/http://pacific.scoop.co.nz/2010/06/vanuatu-to-seek-observer-status-for-west-papua-at-msg-and-pif-leaders-summits/\|archive-date=22 October 2017\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> dan menyatakan dukungan mereka untuk penentuan nasib sendiri Papua pada tahun 2017 di UNGA.<ref name="Radion17">{{cite news\|title=Fiery debate over West Papua at UN General Assembly\|url=http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/programmes/datelinepacific/audio/201860156/fiery-debate-over-west-papua-at-un-general-assembly\|access-date=7 October 2017\|work=Radio New Zealand 2017\|date=27 September 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001165326/http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/programmes/datelinepacific/audio/201860156/fiery-debate-over-west-papua-at-un-general-assembly\|archive-date=1 October 2017\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ▲* {{flag\|Kepulauan Solomon}} – Kepulauan Solomon menyatakan dukungan mereka untuk penentuan nasib sendiri Papua pada tahun 2017 di UNGA.<ref name="Radion17" /> * {{flag\|Tonga}} – [[Perdana Menteri Tonga]] [[ʻAkilisi Pōhiva]] mendesak dunia untuk mengambil tindakan atas situasi hak asasi manusia di wilayah Papua Barat Indonesia dan menyatakan dukungan untuk penentuan nasib sendiri untuk Papua Barat pada tahun 2017.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/285742/tonga%27s-pm-highlights-papua-issue-at-un\|title=Tonga's PM highlights Papua issue at UN\|date=1 October 2015\|website=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Komai \|first1=Makereta \|title=Tongan PM speaks out for West Papua and questions solidarity and regionalism \|url=https://news.pngfacts.com/2019/08/tongan-pm-speaks-out-for-west-papua-and.html \|access-date=9 April 2021 \|publisher=Papua New Guinea Today \|date=14 August 2019}}</ref> * {{flag\|Tuvalu}} –Mantan Perdana Menteri [[Enele Sopoaga]] mendukung penentuan nasib sendiri Papua di Majelis Umum PBB pada 2017 dan menandatangani pernyataan bersama dengan negara kepulauan Pasifik lainnya pada Mei 2017.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Tuvalu supports West Papuan self-determination at the United Nations General Assembly \|url=https://www.freewestpapua.org/2017/09/21/tuvalu-supports-west-papuan-self-determination-at-the-un-general-assembly/ \|date=21 September 2017\|via=www.freewestpapua.org}}</ref><ref name="Islandnations">{{cite news \|title=Pacific nations back West Papuan self-determination \|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/330203/pacific-nations-back-west-papuan-self-determination \|agency=[[RNZ]] \|date=6 May 2017}}</ref> Baris 153 ⟶ 135: ! Negara ! Partai Politik ! Referensi ~~! Reference(s)~~ \|- \| [[Abdoulaye Wade]]{{efn\|~~Former~~Mantan [[~~President of~~Presiden Senegal]].}} \| {{flag\|Senegal}} \| [[Partai Demokrat Senegal]] \| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://westpapuamedia.info/2010/12/20/president-of-senegal-west-papua-is-now-an-issue-for-all-black-africans/\|title=President of Senegal – "West Papua is now an issue for all black Africans"\|date=19 December 2010\|access-date=2020-08-08\|archive-date=2021-01-21\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121200725/https://westpapuamedia.info/2010/12/20/president-of-senegal-west-papua-is-now-an-issue-for-all-black-africans/\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> \|- \| [[Adam Bandt]] Baris 165 ⟶ 147: \| <ref name=Aus/> \|- \| [[ʻAkilisi Pōhiva]]{{efn\|~~Former~~Mantan [[~~Prime~~Perdana ~~Minister of~~Menteri Tonga]].}} \| {{flag\|Tonga}} \| [[Partai Demokrat Kepulauan Ramah]] Baris 175 ⟶ 157: \| <ref>{{cite news \|last=Davidson \|first=Helen \|date=6 May 2016 \|title=Jeremy Corbyn on West Papua: UK Labour leader calls for independence vote \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/06/jeremy-corbyn-on-west-papua-uk-labour-leader-calls-for-independence-vote \|work=The Guardian \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111165127/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/06/jeremy-corbyn-on-west-papua-uk-labour-leader-calls-for-independence-vote \|archive-date=11 January 2018 \|url-status=live \|df=dmy-all }}</ref> \|- \| [[John Kufour]]{{efn\|~~Former~~Mantan [[~~Prime~~Perdana ~~Minister of~~Menteri Ghana]].}} \| {{flag\|Ghana}} \| [[Partai Patriotik Baru]] \| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Help-us-fight-for-independence-West-Papua-calls-on-Ghana-422074\|title=Help us fight for independence – West Papua calls on Ghana\|website=ghanaweb.com\|date=9 March 2016}}</ref> \|- \| [[Jerry Rawlings]]{{efn\|~~Former~~Mantan [[~~President~~Presiden of Ghana]].}} \| {{flag\|Ghana}} \| [[Kongres Nasional Demokrat(Ghana)\| ~~\| [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)\|National Democratic Congress]]~~ Kongres Nasional Demokrat]] \| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Help-us-fight-for-independence-West-Papua-calls-on-Ghana-422074\|title=Help us fight for independence – West Papua calls on Ghana\|website=ghanaweb.com\|date=9 March 2016}}</ref> \|- \| [[Manasseh Sogavare]]{{efn\|~~Current~~ ~~[[Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands]].}}~~ [[Perdana Menteri Kepulauan Solomon]] sekarang.}} \| {{flag\|Kepulauan Solomon}} \| Independen \| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.abc.net.au/radio-australia/programs/pacificbeat/solomons-pm-softens-west-papua-self-determination-support/11053370\|date=29 Apr 2019\|df=dmy-all\|title=Solomons pm softens west Papua self-determination support \|website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> \|- ~~\| [[Mohammad Hatta]]~~ ~~\| {{flag\|Indonesia}}~~ ~~\| Independen~~ ~~\| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://historia.id/amp/politik/articles/ketika-hatta-menolak-papua-vqjeJ\|title=Ketika Hatta Menolak Papua\|website=historia.id}}</ref>~~ \|- \|[[Powes Parkop]] \| {{flag\|Papua Nugini}} \| [[~~Social~~Partai ~~Democratic~~Sosial ~~Party~~Demokrat]] \|<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20190911150753-106-429538/menlu-respons-soal-gubernur-papua-nugini-dukung-papua-merdeka\|title= Menlu Respons soal Gubernur Papua Nugini Dukung Papua Merdeka\|website=CNN Indonesia}}</ref> \|- Baris 204 ⟶ 183: \| [[Partai Hijau Australia]] \| <ref name=Aus/><ref>{{cite news \|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|title=Greens Leader Richard Di Natale Calls For BP Rethink On West Papuan Gas Field \|url=https://newmatilda.com/2018/11/06/greens-leader-richard-di-natale-calls-bp-rethink-west-papuan-gas-field/ \|work=[[New Matilda]] \|date=6 November 2018 \|access-date=30 November 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130155126/https://newmatilda.com/2018/11/06/greens-leader-richard-di-natale-calls-bp-rethink-west-papuan-gas-field/ \|archive-date=30 November 2018 \|url-status=live \|df=dmy-all }}</ref> \|- ~~\| [[Robert F. Kennedy]]~~ ~~\| {{flag\|Amerika Serikat}}~~ ~~\| [[Democratic Party (United States)\|Democratic Party]]~~ ~~\| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.ipwp.org/background/\|title=Background\|website=ipwp.org\|access-date=28 December 2022}}</ref>~~ \|- \| [[Scott Ludlam]] Baris 219 ⟶ 193: {\| class="wikitable sortable" ! ~~Name~~Nama ! ~~Country~~Negara ! Referensi ~~! Reference(s)~~ \|- \| [[Partai Komunis ~~Indonesia~~Australia]] \| {{flag\|Australia}} \| <ref name=Aus>https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/the-australian-left-is-known-for-backing-papuan-independence-but-it-wasnt-always-this-way/</ref> \|- \| [[Partai Hijau ~~Indonesia~~Australia]] \| {{flag\|Australia}} \| <ref name=Aus/> Baris 234 ⟶ 208: \| {{flag\|Australia}} \| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/212452/papua-focus-for-australia's-democratic-labour-party\|title=Papua focus for Australia's Democratic Labour Party\|website=[[Radio New Zealand]] \|date=27 May 2013}}</ref> \|- ~~\| [[Partai Komunis Indonesia]]~~ ~~\| {{flag\|Indonesia}}~~ ~~\| <ref name=Aus/>~~ \|- \| [[Partai Sosialis Malaysia]] \| {{flag\|Malaysia}} \| <ref>{{cite web\|url=https://partisosialis.org/let-the-morning-star-flag-fly-solidarity-with-the-west-papuas-struggle-for-self-determination/\|title=Let the Morning Star Flag fly: Solidarity with the West Papua's struggle for self-determination\|date=1 December 2021\|website=partisosialis.org\|publisher=Socialist Party of Malaysia\|access-date=2023-01-12\|archive-date=2022-01-03\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103072744/https://partisosialis.org/let-the-morning-star-flag-fly-solidarity-with-the-west-papuas-struggle-for-self-determination/\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> \|} ==Catatan== {{Notelist}} == Referensi == Baris 264 ⟶ 237: [[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Politik Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Kekerasan terhadap penduduk asli]]