Fran Lebowitz: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Frances Ann "Fran" Lebowitz''' (lahir 27 Oktober 1950) adalah pembicara<ref>{{cite web|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Infallibility Has Its Upside|first=Ben|last=Detrick|date=November 17, 2010|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/18/fashion/18scene.html|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2023-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407154838/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/18/fashion/18scene.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> dan penulis berkebangsaan Amerika.<ref name="PR">{{cite journal| url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1931/a-humorist-at-work-fran-lebowitz| work=[[Paris Review]]| title=Fran Lebowitz, A Humorist at Work| date=Summer 1993| authorlink=George Plimpton| coauthor=James Linville| author=George Plimpton| access-date=2014-09-03| archive-date=2016-10-16| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016095231/http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1931/a-humorist-at-work-fran-lebowitz| dead-url=no}}</ref> Beberapa pihak menyebutnya sebagai [[Dorothy Parker]] masa kini.<ref name=NYT>{{cite web|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=THE SOUR CREAM SENSIBILITY|date=August 23, 1981|first=Glenn|last=Collins|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/23/books/the-sour-cream-sensibility.html|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2023-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410012338/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/23/books/the-sour-cream-sensibility.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Setelah dikeluarkan dari SMA dan mendapatkan [[GED]], Lebowitz menjalani beberapa pekerjaan sambilan sebelum dipekerjakan oleh [[Andy Warhol]] sebagai kolumnis di majalah ''Interview''.<ref>{{cite web|work=[[The Daily Californian]]|title=Fran Lebowitz goes road-tripping|first=Thomas|last=Coughlan|date=November 7, 2012|url=http://www.dailycal.org/2012/11/07/fran-lebowitz-goes-road-tripping/|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2012-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111050104/http://www.dailycal.org/2012/11/07/fran-lebowitz-goes-road-tripping/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Kemudian dia mendapatkan pekerjaan di majalah ''Mademoiselle''.<ref>{{cite web|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|first=Elysabeth|last=Alfano|title=Quintessential New Yorker and Social Commentator, Fran Lebowitz, Comes to Chicago|date=September 28, 2012|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elysabeth-alfano/fran-lebowitz-harris-theater_b_1916499.html|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2016-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309080852/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elysabeth-alfano/fran-lebowitz-harris-theater_b_1916499.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Buku pertamanya adalah kumpulan esai yang berjudul ''[[Metropolitan Life (buku)|Metropolitan Life]] ''yang dirilis pada tahun 1978,<ref name=NYT/> diikuti oleh ''[[Social Studies (buku)|Social Studies]]'' pada tahun 1981,<ref name=NYT/> keduanya terkumpul dalam ''[[The Fran Lebowitz Reader]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fran Lebowitz in Public Speaking|work=[[Slant Magazine]]|first=Dan|last=Callahan|date=February 21, 2011|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/house/2011/02/fran-lebowitz-in-public-speaking/|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2014-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903111653/http://www.slantmagazine.com/house/2011/02/fran-lebowitz-in-public-speaking/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Dia terkenal dalam ''[[Exterior Signs of Wealth]]'', sebuah novel yang lama ditunggu-tunggu, namun tidak selesai.<ref name="nytimes-lunch"/> Konon novel tersebut bercerita tentang orang kaya yang ingin menjadi artis, dan artis yang ingin menjadi kaya.<ref name=PR/> Dia juga beberapa kali tampil dalam ''[[Late Show with David Letterman|Late Night with David Letterman]]''<ref name="nytimes-lunch" /> dan mendapat peran sebagai Hakim Janice Goldberg dalam drama televisi ''[[Law & Order]]'' mulai 2001 hingga 2007.<ref name="NYM">{{cite web|date=November 23, 2010|title=The Vulture Transcript: Fran Lebowitz on Sarah Palin, Keith Richards, Her Side Career As a Law & Order Judge, and Much More|first=Bruce|last=Bennett|url=http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/11/fran_lebowitz_interview_transc.html|work=[[New York (majalah)|New York]]|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2012-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113144254/http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/11/fran_lebowitz_interview_transc.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Lebowitz adalah perokok berat yang dikenal dalam advokasinya terhadap hak-hak perokok.<ref name="nytimes-lunch"/><ref>{{cite web|title=VF EDITOR GIVES UP SMOKE FIGHT|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/nypost/access/795366101.html?dids=795366101:795366101&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+19%2C+2005&author=&pub=New+York+Post&desc=VF+EDITOR+GIVES+UP+SMOKE+FIGHT&pqatl=google|work=[[New York Post]]|date=February 19, 2005|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2012-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104154545/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/nypost/access/795366101.html?dids=795366101:795366101&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+19,+2005&author=&pub=New+York+Post&desc=VF+EDITOR+GIVES+UP+SMOKE+FIGHT&pqatl=google|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="Smoking From All Sides">{{cite web|url=http://smokingsides.com/asfs/L/Lebowitz.html|title=Female Celebrity Smoking List – Lebowitz|work=Smokingsides.com|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2023-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714212521/http://smokingsides.com/asfs/L/Lebowitz.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Pada September 2007, Lebowitz dinobatkan sebagai salah satu wanita paling ''stylish ''dalam ''[[Vanity Fair (majalah)|Vanity Fair]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>''s 68th Annual International Best-Dressed List''.<ref>{{cite web|work=[[Vanity Fair (majalah)|Vanity Fair]]|date=September 2007|title=The 68th Annual International Best-Dressed List|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2007/09/bestdressed200709|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2012-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712214115/http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2007/09/bestdressed200709|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada 17 November 2010 Fran kembali ke ''[[Late Show with David Letterman|The Late Show with David Letterman]]'' setelah absen selama 16 tahun. Pada 22 November 2010, [[HBO]] memulai debut ''[[Public Speaking (film)|Public Speaking]]'', sebuah dokumenter tentang Lebowitz oleh [[Martin Scorsese]] yang berisikan wawancara dan klip dari beberapa ceramahnya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hbo.com/documentaries/public-speaking/|work=[[HBO]]|title=Public Speaking|year=2010|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2017-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921174707/http://www.hbo.com/documentaries/public-speaking|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Dikutip dari ''[[Vanity Fair (majalah)|Vanity Fair]]'' pada 2004<ref>{{cite web|work=[[Vanity Fair (majalah)|Vanity Fair]]|title=Is Everything Sacred?|first=Fran|last=Lebowitz|date=October 2004|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2004/10/lebowitz_excerpt200410|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2014-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903123438/http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2004/10/lebowitz_excerpt200410|dead-url=no}}</ref> buku terbaru Lebowitz yang berjudul ''[[Progress (buku)|Progress]], ''akan dipublikasikan pada tahun 2015.<ref>{{cite web|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|title=Fran Lebowitz, Frank Rich at Town Hall: Pair Debate State Of The Union|first=Kathleen|last=Massara|date=October 19, 2012|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/19/fran-lebowitz-frank-rich-_n_1986472.html|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2016-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006004428/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/19/fran-lebowitz-frank-rich-_n_1986472.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Sebagai seorang penggila mobil, Lebowitz memiliki dan mengendarai mobil antik [[Checker Marathon]] berwarna mutiara abu-abu keluaran 1979, yang dia simpan di sebuah garasi mewah di [[East Village, Manhattan]].<ref>{{cite web|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 27, 2011|title=Nothing Gets Between Fran Lebowitz and Her Checker|first=Michael|last=M. Grynbaum|url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/06/27/nothing-gets-between-fran-lebowitz-and-her-checker/?_r=0|access-date=2014-09-03|archive-date=2014-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903174220/http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/06/27/nothing-gets-between-fran-lebowitz-and-her-checker/?_r=0|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* [http://www.indexmagazine.com/interviews/fran_lebowitz.shtml ''Index'' magazine interview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902203015/http://www.wma.com/fran_lebowitz/summary/ |date=2016-09-02 }}

* [http://www.bizbag.com/Tips%20for%20Teens/Tips%20for%20Teens.htm Tips for Teens] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061030000038/http://www.bizbag.com/Tips%20for%20Teens/Tips%20for%20Teens.htm |date=2006-10-30 }}

* [http://www.mrbellersneighborhood.com/story.php?storyid=670 Interview with Fran Lebowitz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111060046/http://www.mrbellersneighborhood.com/story.php?storyid=670 |date=2009-01-11 }}

* [http://www.avclub.com/articles/fran-lebowitz,57692/ ''The Onion A.V. Club'' interview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528145929/http://www.avclub.com/articles/fran-lebowitz%2C57692/ |date=2013-05-28 }}

* [http://mantlethought.org/content/pen-2013-masterclass-fran-lebowitz PEN 2013 Master/Class with Fran Lebowitz and A.M. Homes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903230204/http://mantlethought.org/content/pen-2013-masterclass-fran-lebowitz |date=2014-09-03 }}