Scott Morrison: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Infobox Officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[
| name = Scott Morrison
| honorific-suffix = [[Anggota parlemen|MP]]
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| term_start1 = 24 Agustus 2018
| term_end1 = 23 Mei 2022
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| governor-general1 = [[Peter Cosgrove|Sir Peter Cosgrove]]<br/>[[David Hurley|Sir David Hurley]]
| deputy1 = [[Michael McCormack (politisi Australia)|Michael McCormack]]<br>[[Barnaby Joyce]]
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| office2 = [[Pemimpin Partai Liberal Australia|Pemimpin Partai Liberal]] ke-14
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| term_end2 = 24 Mei 2022
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{{collapsed infobox section begin|last=yes|Jabatan menteri}}
{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
| office3 = [[Menteri Industri dan Sains (Australia)|Menteri Industri, Sains, Energi, dan Sumber Daya]]<ref name="Morrison Au parl"/>
| alongside3 = [[Christian Porter]] (2021); [[Melissa Price (politician)|Melissa Price]] sebagai Sains dan Energi (2021–2022); [[Angus Taylor (politician)|Angus Taylor]] sebagai Industri (2021–2022)
| term_start3 = 15 April 2021
| term_end3 = 23 Mei 2022
| predecessor3 = Christian Porter
| successor3 = [[Madeleine King]]
| primeminister3 = ''Dirinya sendiri''
| office4 = [[Menteri Dalam Negeri (Australia)|Menteri Dalam Negeri]]
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| term_start4 = 6 Mei 2021
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| office5 = [[Menteri Keuangan (Australia)|Menteri Keuangan]]
| alongside5 = [[Mathias Cormann]] (2020); [[Simon Birmingham]] (2020–2022)
| term_start5 =
| term_end5 = 23 Mei 2022
| predecessor5 =
| successor5 = [[Katy Gallagher]]
| primeminister5 = ''Dirinya sendiri''
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| predecessor6 = Greg Hunt
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| primeminister6 = ''Dirinya sendiri''
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| term_start7 = 29 Mei 2019
| term_end7 = 8 Oktober 2021
| predecessor7 = [[Mathias Cormann]]
| successor7 = [[Ben Morton]]
| primeminister7 = ''Dirinya sendiri''
| office8 = [[Bendahara Australia]]<ref name="Morrison Au parl">{{Cite Au Parliament |mpid=E3L |name=Hon Scott Morrison MP |access-date=3 November 2021}}</ref>
| primeminister8 = Malcolm Turnbull
| term_start8 = 21 September 2015
| term_end8 = 28 Agustus 2018
| predecessor8 = [[Joe Hockey]]
| successor8 = [[Josh Frydenberg]]
| alongside9 = Josh Frydenberg
| primeminister9 = ''Dirinya sendiri''
| term_start9 = 6 Mei 2021
| term_end9 = 23 Mei 2022
| predecessor9 = Josh Frydenberg
| successor9 = [[Jim Chalmers]]
| office10 = [[Menteri Pelayanan Sosial (Australia)|Menteri Pelayanan Sosial]]
| primeminister10 = {{ubl|[[Tony Abbott]]|Malcolm Turnbull}}
| term_start10 = 23 Desember 2014
| term_end10 = 21 September 2015
| predecessor10 = [[Kevin Andrews (politikus)|Kevin Andrews]]
| successor10 = [[Christian Porter]]
| office11 = Menteri Imigrasi dan Perlindungan Perbatasan
| primeminister11 = Tony Abbott
| term_start11 = 18 September 2013
| term_end11 = 23 Desember 2014
| predecessor11 = [[Tony Burke]]
| successor11 = [[Peter Dutton]]
{{collapsed infobox section end}}
}}
| constituency_MP12 = [[Divisi Cook|Cook]]
| parliament12 = Australia
| term_start12 = 24 November 2007
| term_end12 =
| predecessor12 = [[Bruce Baird]]
| successor12 =
| birth_name = Scott John Morrison
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1968|5|13|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Waverley, New South Wales|Waverley]], [[New South Wales]], [[Australia]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Jenny Morrison|Jenny Warren]]|1990}}
| children = 2
| party = [[Partai Liberal Australia|Liberal]]
| otherparty = [[Koalisi (Australia)|Koalisi]]
| alma_mater = [[Universitas New South Wales]] ([[Bachelor of Science|B.Sc.]])
| website = {{URL|http://www.scottmorrison.com.au|Situs resmi}}
| signature = Prime Minister Scott Morrison signature from Coronavirus announcement ad background removed-removed.png
}}
'''Scott John Morrison''' ({{lahirmati|[[New South Wales]], [[Australia]]|13|5|1968}}) adalah seorang politisi Australia yang menjabat sebagai [[Perdana Menteri Australia]] ke-30 dari 2018, bersamaan sebagai [[Pemimpin Partai Liberal Australia]]. Saat ini ia menjabat sebagai [[anggota parlemen]] untuk daerah pemilihan Cook di [[New South Wales]] sejak 2007.
== Kehidupan awal ==
Morrison lahir di [[Waverley, New South Wales|Waverley
Namun Morrison besar di kota tetangga Waverley, yaitu [[Bronte, New South Wales|Bronte]]. Pada masa kecilnya ia menjadi aktor cilik dan beberapa kali muncul sebagai bintang iklan televisi.<ref name=rise>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/good-weekend/scott-morrisons-relentless-rise-to-power-20160418-go8qty.html|title=Scott Morrison's relentless rise to power|publisher=''The Sydney Morning Herald''|author=Deborah Snow|date=30 April 2016|access-date=7 February 2018}}</ref> Sebagian berkata bahwa Morrison adalah anak dalam iklan Vicks "Love Rub" yang populer pada dekade 1970an, tetapi rekaman iklan ini belum ditemukan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.afr.com/brand/rear-window/national-screen-and-sound-archive-hunts-for-scott-love-rub-morrisson-20150813-giynw7|title=National Film and Sound Archive hunts for Scott 'Love Rub' Morrison|date=2015-08-14|work=Financial Review|access-date=2018-08-24|language=en-US}}</ref> Morrison mengenyam pendidikan di [[Sydney Boys High School]] sebelum meraih gelar sarjananya di bidang [[geografi ekonomi]] di [[University of New South Wales|UNSW]].<ref name=bryant/>
Baris 83 ⟶ 130:
== Perdana Menteri Australia (2018–kini) ==
[[File:Kunjungan_Perdana_Menteri_Australia_Scott_Morrison_ke_Indonesia_(43682153774).jpg|pra=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/File:Kunjungan_Perdana_Menteri_Australia_Scott_Morrison_ke_Indonesia_(43682153774).jpg|jmpl|Morrison dengan [[Joko Widodo]] dalam kunjungan luar negeri pertamanya sebagai Perdana Menteri]]
=== Pemilihan pimpinan ===
Pada 21 Agustus 2018, Perdana Menteri [[Malcolm Turnbull]] mengadakan pemilihan untuk mengukur dukungan partai terhadapnya, hasilnya ia mengalahkan penantangnya [[Peter Dutton]]. Hari itu juga berhembus spekulasi bahwa pemilihan ulang akan dilakukan. Turnbull lalu memutuskan pemilihan akan dilakukan jika anggota lain menginginkan pemilihan dilakukan. Voting dilakukan dengan hasil 45 suara mendukung diadakan pemilihan ulang, sedangkan yang menolak hanya 40 suara. Berdasarkan hasil ini maka, Turnbull tidak dapat mengikuti pemilihan dan kandidat yang maju adalah Peter Dutton, Scott Morrison dan [[Julie Bishop]]. Pada pemungutan pertama, Dutton menghasilkan 38 suara, Morrison 36 suara dan Bishop 11 suara. Pemungutan suara kedua Morrison menang 45 suara sedangkan Dutton hanya 40 suara.<ref>{{cite news|title=Scott Morrison wins Liberal party leadership spill|url=https://www.9news.com.au/2018/08/23/13/57/five-things-you-need-to-know-about-scott-morrison|publisher=9News|date=24 August 2018|accessdate=24 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-45292637|title=Australia PM Turnbull ousted in party coup|date=24 August 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=24 August 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ia mampu menang karena dipandang disukai oleh kubu moderat Turnbull dan Bishop dan kubu konservatif Dutton.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/aug/22/could-scott-morrison-and-julie-bishop-join-the-leadership-race-in-a-three-cornered-contest|title=Could Scott Morrison and Julie Bishop join the leadership race in a three-cornered contest?|publisher=''[[The Guardian Australia]]''|date=22 August 2018|access-date=24 August 2018}}</ref> Ia lalu diambil sumpahnya pada malam [[24 Agustus]] [[2018]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/scott-morrison-sworn-in-as-prime-minister-but-policy-direction-and-election-strategy-remains-uncertain-20180824-p4zznd.html|title=Scott Morrison sworn in as Prime Minister but policy direction and election strategy remains uncertain|access-date=25 August 2018}}</ref> Setelah memangku jabatan, Morrison adalah perdana menteri kelima yang dilantik setelah pemilihan kepemimpinan.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kiwi|first1=Isabella|last2=Graham-McLay|first2=Charlotte|date=24 August 2018|title=Scott Morrison Becomes Australia's Prime Minister After Back-Room Revolt|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/24/world/australia/scott-morrison-malcolm-turnbull-prime-minister.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824171915/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/24/world/australia/scott-morrison-malcolm-turnbull-prime-minister.html|archive-date=24 August 2018|accessdate=25 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Beberapa bulan kemudian, Morrison memperkenalkan kriteria baru untuk pemilihan pimpinan, dimana 2/3 suara anggota partai diperlukan untuk memicu pemilihan pemimpin dalam sebuah upaya untuk menghentikan "budaya kudeta".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Murphy|first1=Katharine|last2=Karp|first2=Paul|date=3 December 2018|title=Liberal party changes rules to require two-thirds majority to unseat sitting PM|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/dec/03/liberal-party-morrison-changes-rules-to-require-two-thirds-majority-to-unseat-sitting-pm|work=[[The Guardian]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203151538/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/dec/03/liberal-party-morrison-changes-rules-to-require-two-thirds-majority-to-unseat-sitting-pm|archive-date=3 December 2018|accessdate=3 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Belot|first=Peter|date=4 December 2018|title=Scott Morrison all but ends Liberal Party spill motions against a sitting prime minister|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-04/morrison-effectively-ends-spills-against-a-liberal-pm/10579390|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207091506/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-04/morrison-effectively-ends-spills-against-a-liberal-pm/10579390|archive-date=7 December 2018|accessdate=7 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Masa jabatan pertama, 2018-2019 ===
Morrison melakukan kunjungan luar negeri sepekan setelah dilantik menjadi perdana menteri, mengunjungi ibukota [[Indonesia]], [[Jakarta]] untuk acara Australia-Indonesia Business Forum dan bertemu dengan Presiden [[Joko Widodo]] untuk mengumumkan [[Perjanjian Kemitraan Ekonomi Komprehensif Indonesia–Australia]] yang sudah dinegosiasikan pada masa pemerintahan Turnbull.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 August 2018|title=Scott Morrison's foreign affairs foray follows predecessors' familiar flightpath|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-30/scott-morrisons-first-foreign-trip-indonesia-for-free-trade/10178532|publisher=ABC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902030926/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-30/scott-morrisons-first-foreign-trip-indonesia-for-free-trade/10178532|archive-date=2 September 2018|access-date=2 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
Pada Oktober 2018, pemerintahannya mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan mengkaji keputusan untuk memindahkan kedutaan besarnya di [[Tel Aviv]] menuju [[Yerusalem]], mengakui Yerusalem sebagai ibukota [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murphy|first1=Katharine|last2=McGowan|first2=Michael|last3=Davies|first3=Anne|date=15 October 2018|title=Jerusalem embassy move a 'sensible' proposal, says Scott Morrison|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/16/australia-may-move-embassy-in-israel-to-jerusalem|work=the Guardian|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016004333/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/16/australia-may-move-embassy-in-israel-to-jerusalem|archive-date=16 October 2018|access-date=16 October 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada Desember 2018, Morrison mengumumkan bahwa pemerintahan Australia mengakui [[Yerusalem Barat]] sebagai ibukota Israel namun memutuskan untuk tidak memindahkan kedutaannya dari Tel Aviv.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Macmillan|first=political reporter Jade|date=15 December 2018|title=Government recognises West Jerusalem as Israel's capital, embassy to stay put|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-15/government-recognises-west-jerusalem-but-keeps-tel-aviv-embassy/10614226|website=ABC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215104245/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-15/government-recognises-west-jerusalem-but-keeps-tel-aviv-embassy/10614226|archive-date=15 December 2018|access-date=15 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Pemilihan umum 2019 ===
Morrison memimpin [[Koalisi (Australia)|Koalisi]] dalam [[pemilihan umum federal Australia 2019]]. Pada saat surat perintah sedang ditulis, partai koalisinya kalah suara dengan [[Partai Buruh Australia]] di berbagai lembaga survei, menyebabkan spekulasi luas bahwa pihak Koalisi akan kalah.{{sfn|Patrick|2019|p=118}} Namun, dengan kekecewaan signifikan, Koalisi mampu mempertahankan mayoritas di [[Dewan Perwakilan Australia]].<ref>{{cite news|date=20 May 2019|title=Election 2019: Coalition secures 77 seats as Liberals win Wentworth, Chisholm, Boothby and Bass|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-20/election-coalition-get-77-seats-wentworth-boothby-bass-chisholm/11128652|publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519235400/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-20/election-coalition-get-77-seats-wentworth-boothby-bass-chisholm/11128652|archive-date=19 May 2019|access-date=20 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Kekecewaan ini disebabkan karena ketidakpopuleran pemimpin oposisi, [[Bill Shorten]] dan kegagalan Partai Buruh untuk mengagaskan pemilu tersebut sebagai pilihan antara Morrison dan Shorten.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Craig Emerson & Jay Wetherall|date=6 November 2019|title=Review of Labor's 2019 Federal Election Campaign|url=https://alp.org.au/media/2043/alp-campaign-review-2019.pdf|publisher=[[Australian Labor Party]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214075753/https://alp.org.au/media/2043/alp-campaign-review-2019.pdf|archive-date=14 December 2019|access-date=21 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Menyatakan kemenangannya pada malam pemilu, Morrison menyatakan bahwa "ia selalu percaya pada keajaiban".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Belot|first=Henry|date=19 Mei 2019|title=Election 2019: Scott Morrison says 'I have always believed in miracles' as Coalition retains power|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-19/federal-election-result-2019-antony-green-calls-shock-victory/11126536|website=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|language=en-AU|access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref>
=== Masa jabatan kedua, 2019-2022 ===
==== Kebijakan luar negeri ====
===== AUKUS =====
{{Main|AUKUS}}Morrison mengumumkan AUKUS bersama dengan [[Presiden Amerika Serikat]] [[Joe Biden]] dan [[Perdana Menteri Britania Raya]] [[Boris Johnson]] pada September 2021 sebagai bentuk inisiatif untuk menangkal [[Kebijakan luar negeri Tiongkok|dominasi yang dirasakan Tiongkok di Pasifik]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 September 2021|title=Pact with U.S., Britain, will see Australia scrap French sub deal-media|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-announce-alliance-with-britain-australia-tech-cyber-defense-politico-2021-09-15/|website=Reuters|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915213738/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-announce-alliance-with-britain-australia-tech-cyber-defense-politico-2021-09-15/|archive-date=15 September 2021|access-date=17 September 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=16 September 2021|title=Aukus: UK, US and Australia launch pact to counter China|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-58564837|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916001936/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-58564837|archive-date=16 September 2021|access-date=17 September 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> AUKUS menggantikan proposal perjanjian kapal selam antar Australia dan [[Prancis]] yang didiskusikan saat bersamaan. Ini menyebabkan reaksi negatif dari pemerintahan Prancis dan merusak hubungan antar negara. Tiongkok juga memberikan kritikan keras.<ref>{{cite web|last=Fathi|first=Romain|date=24 September 2021|title=Why the Australia-France submarine deal collapse was predictable|url=https://theconversation.com/why-the-australia-france-submarine-deal-collapse-was-predictable-168526|work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926084250/https://theconversation.com/why-the-australia-france-submarine-deal-collapse-was-predictable-168526|archive-date=26 September 2021|accessdate=26 September 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=19 September 2021|title=Aukus: French minister condemns US and Australia 'lies' over security pact|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-58610234|work=[[BBC News]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920011839/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-58610234|archive-date=20 September 2021|accessdate=20 September 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Presiden Prancis]] [[Emmanuel Macron]] dikabarkan murka dengan aksi Scott Morrison, secara pribadi menyatakan kepada Morrison bahwa penghapusan penjanjian tersebut telah "memutuskan hubungan kepercayaan" antar kedua negara,<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Australian Associated Press]]|date=28 October 2021|title=Macron tells Morrison trust was broken|url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7489121/macron-tells-morrison-trust-was-broken/?cs=14264|work=[[The Canberra Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028162556/https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7489121/macron-tells-morrison-trust-was-broken/?cs=14264|archive-date=28 October 2021|accessdate=29 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Coorey|first=Phillip|authorlink=Phillip Coorey|date=28 October 2021|title=Macron berates Morrison over subs deal in first phone talks|url=https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/macron-berates-morrison-over-subs-deal-in-first-phone-talks-20211028-p59465|work=[[Australian Financial Review]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028232049/https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/macron-berates-morrison-over-subs-deal-in-first-phone-talks-20211028-p59465|archive-date=28 October 2021|accessdate=29 October 2021|url-access=subscription|url-status=live}}</ref> dan secara publik menuduh Morrison sebagai seorang pembohong dalam acara [[Konferensi Perubahan Iklim Persatuan Bangsa Bangsa Tahun 2021]]. Tindakan Macron dinilai merusak citra publik Scott Morrison.<ref name="MacronLie">{{cite web|last=Lewins|first=Dean|date=15 November 2021|title=Is Morrison gaining a reputation for untrustworthiness? The answer could have serious implications for the election|url=https://theconversation.com/is-morrison-gaining-a-reputation-for-untrustworthiness-the-answer-could-have-serious-implications-for-the-election-171816|work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116040842/https://theconversation.com/is-morrison-gaining-a-reputation-for-untrustworthiness-the-answer-could-have-serious-implications-for-the-election-171816|archive-date=16 November 2021|accessdate=16 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Riminton|first=Hugh|authorlink=Hugh Riminton|date=2 November 2021|title=Branded a 'liar' by the French, Scott Morrison's slipperiness is now on show for the world to see|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/02/branded-a-liar-by-the-french-scott-morrisons-slipperiness-is-now-on-show-for-the-world-to-see|work=[[The Guardian]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103010136/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/02/branded-a-liar-by-the-french-scott-morrisons-slipperiness-is-now-on-show-for-the-world-to-see|archive-date=3 November 2021|accessdate=3 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Coorey|first=Phillip|authorlink=Phil Coorey|date=1 November 2021|title='I don't think, I know': Macron brands Morrison a liar|url=https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/pm-fumes-after-macron-brands-him-a-liar-20211101-p594t8|work=[[Australian Financial Review]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101165228/https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/pm-fumes-after-macron-brands-him-a-liar-20211101-p594t8|archive-date=1 November 2021|accessdate=2 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> Nama publiknya diperparah oleh [[Joe Biden]] yang menyebutnya "''that fella down under''" (si kawan dibawah itu), seakan akan Biden lupa dengan nama Morrison, membuatnya menjadi sebuah bahan ejekkan dari lawan politiknya.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Landis-Hanley|first=Justine|date=2021-09-16|title=‘That fella down under’: Joe Biden forgets Scott Morrison’s name during historic pact announcement|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/sep/16/joe-biden-forgets-scott-morrisons-name-during-historic-pact-announcement|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2024-11-03}}</ref>
== Kehidupan pribadi ==
Baris 96 ⟶ 161:
* [http://www.aph.gov.au/Senators_and_Members/Parliamentarian?MPID=E3L Profil di situs website resmi Parlemen Australia]
* [https://theyvoteforyou.org.au/people/representatives/cook/scott_morrison Profil di TheyVoteForYou.org.au]
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Baris 131 ⟶ 198:
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Morrison, Scott}}
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1968]]
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