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Revisi per 1 Februari 2023 09.49 sunting Jonas Carsten (bicara \| kontrib) 418 suntingan Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 13 Juli 2024 15.18 sunting balikkan AABot (bicara \| kontrib) Bot, Pengecualian blokir IP 914.349 suntingan k Mil Tag: paws [2.2]
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Baris 1: {{Infobox ~~military~~militant ~~conflict~~organization \|~~conflict~~ name = International Force ~~for~~ East Timor \| logo = INTERFET Logo.jpg ~~\|partof=[[Dekolonisasi Asia]], [[Krisis Timor Timur 1999]], [[Pendudukan Indonesia di Timor Timur]] dan [[Kejatuhan Suharto]]~~ \| caption = Logo INTERFET ~~\|campaign=~~ \| other_name = INTERFET ~~\|image = [[Berkas:INTERFET 12 Feb 2000.jpg\|300px]]~~ \| leader = [[Mayor Jenderal]] [[Peter Cosgrove]] ~~\|caption = Anggota INTERFET dari Australia, berbincang dengan warga di [[Dili]], [[Timor Timur]] pada Februari 2000.~~ \| dates = {{Start date\|1999\|09\|20}}–{{End date\|2000\|02\|20}} ~~\|date = 20 September 1999 – 28 Februari 2000~~ \| country = ''[[#Negara-negara INTERFET\|Lihat daftar]]'' ~~\|place= [[Timor Timur]]~~ \| allegiance = {{flag\|Australia}} ~~\|territory=~~ \| status = Menyerahkan komando operasi militer kepada UNTAET ~~\|status= Kemenangan INTERFET~~ \| size = 11.500 personel (pada puncak penerapan) * Kekalahan milisi pro-Indonesia \| ~~Stabilisasi~~battles = [[Krisis Timor Timur 1999]] \| successor = [[Administrasi Sementara PBB di Timor Timur\|UNTAET]] ~~\|combatant1= '''Pasukan internasional:'''~~ {{flagicon\|AUS}} [[Australia]] – 5.500 * {{flagicon\|Selandia Baru}} [[Selandia Baru]] – 1.100 * {{flagicon\|Bangladesh}} [[Bangladesh]]  * {{flagicon\|Brazil}} [[Brasil]]  * {{flagicon\|Canada}} [[Kanada]]  * {{flagicon\|France}} [[Prancis]]  * {{flagicon\|Germany}} [[Jerman]]  * {{flagicon\|Republic of Ireland}} [[Irlandia\|Republik Irlandia]]  * {{flagicon\|Italy}} [[Italia]]  * {{flagicon\|Kenya}} [[Kenya]]  * {{flagicon\|Malaysia}} [[Malaysia]]  * {{flagicon\|Norway}} [[Norwegia]]  * {{flagicon\|Philippines}} [[Filipina]]  * {{flagicon\|Portugal}} [[Portugal]]  * {{flagicon\|Singapore}} [[Singapura]]  * {{flagicon\|South Korea}} [[Korea Selatan]]  * {{flagicon\|Thailand}} [[Thailand]]  * {{flagicon\|United Kingdom}} [[Britania Raya]]  * {{flagicon\|United States}} [[Amerika Serikat]]  ~~\|combatant2= '''Gerilyawan:'''~~ ~~<br>{{flagicon\|Indonesia}} [[Milisi pro-Indonesia di Timor Leste\|Milisi pro-Indonesia]] ''':''' -13,000~~ * {{flagicon image\|AITARAK flag.png}} [[Aitarak]] * [[Besi Merah Putih]] * [[Garda Muda Penegak Integrasi]] * [[Laksaur]] * [[Mahidi]] ~~'''Didukung oleh:'''~~ [[File:Lambang Kopassus.svg\|25px]] [[Komando Pasukan Khusus\|Kopassus]] (dugaan) [[File:The National Intelligence Agency (Indonesia).svg\|25px]] [[Badan Intelijen Negara Republik Indonesia\|BIN]]<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/indonesia-bugged-australia-20041115-gdyzv0.html\|title=Indonesia 'bugged' Australia\|date=15 November 2004\|website=The Age}}</ref> Lobi Jakarta<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://nautilus.org/publications/books/australian-forces-abroad/security-general/the-collins-allegations/\|title=The Collins allegations \| Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability\|date=19 Desember 2011\|website=nautilus.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2004/s1088231.htm\|title=PM - A look behind the 'Jakarta Lobby'\|website=www.abc.net.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2004/s1086652.htm\|title=PM - Intelligence analyst blasts the DIO\|website=www.abc.net.au}}</ref> ~~\|commander1={{flagicon\|AUS}} [[John Howard]]<br />~~ ~~{{flagicon\|AUS}} [[Peter Cosgrove]]<br />~~ ~~{{flagicon\|Selandia Baru}} [[Jenny Shipley]]<br />~~ ~~{{flagicon\|Selandia Baru}} [[Helen Clark]]<br />~~ ~~{{flagicon\|Selandia Baru}} [[Carey Adamson]]~~ ~~\|commander2= {{flagicon\|Indonesia}} [[Wiranto]]<br />~~ {{flagicon\|Indonesia}} [[Eurico Guterres]]<br /> {{flagicon\|Indonesia}} Manuel de Sousa <br /> {{flagicon\|Indonesia}} Olivio Mendonca Moruk {{KIA}} <br /> {{flagicon\|Indonesia}} Câncio Lopez de Carvalho {{surrendered}} <ref>{{cite web \|url= https://www.ucanews.com/story-archive/?post_name=/2001/10/31/projakarta-militia-group-returns-home-to-east-timor&post_id=19470 \|title= PRO-JAKARTA MILITIA GROUP RETURNS HOME TO EAST TIMOR \|date=30 October 2001 \|publisher=UCA news\|access-date=28 January 2023 }}</ref> ~~\| casualties1 = {{flagicon\|AUS}} [[Australian Defence Force\|Australia]] – 2 tewas secara kebetulan{{sfn\|Londey\|2004\|pp=256 & 259}}~~ {{flagicon\|NZL}} [[Selandia Baru]] – 5 tewas (4 secara tidak sengaja)<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/fifth-nz-soldier-dies-in-east-timor/RY2YKCLCXUPESZ4IHSU54D4ZO4/\|author= Aronson, Cathy \|title=Fifth NZ soldier dies in East Timor \|date=28 July 2002 \|work=NZ Herald \|access-date=17 October 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|BAN}} [[Bangladesh]] –1 tewas dan 1 terluka oleh [[Improvised explosive device\|IED]]<ref name=untaetdaily03aug00>{{cite web \|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/timor-leste/untaet-daily-briefing-03-aug-2000 \|title=UNTAET Daily Briefing 03 Aug 2000 \|publisher=UNTAET \|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|FIJ}} [[Fiji]] – 1 tewas dan 11 luka-luka karena kecelakaan <ref>{{cite web \|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/etimor/DB/db110901.htm \|title=Dili, 11 September 2001: Fijian Soldier Killed, 11 Injured, in Truck Accident \|publisher=United Nations \|access-date=17 October 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|IRL}} [[Irlandia]] –1 tewas (friendly fire)<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/irish-soldier-shot-dead-in-accident-in-east-timor-1.1085166%3Fmode%3Damp \|title=Irish soldier shot dead in accident in East Timor \|author=O'Doherty, Caroline \|work=Irish Times \|date=16 April 2002 \|access-date=17 October 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|MAS}} [[Malaysia]] –1 tewas tidak sengaja<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/past/etimor/DB/DB140600.HTM \|title=Bodies of UNAMET staff exhumed \|publisher=United Nations \|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|NEP}} [[Nepal]] –1 tewas dan 3 luka-luka<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/timor-leste/secretary-general-extends-condolences-family-nepalese-soldier-killed-east-timor \|title=Secretary-General extends condolences to family of Nepalese soldier killed in East Timor \|date=11 August 2000 \|access-date=17 October 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|POR}} [[Portugal]] –3 luka-luka oleh [[Improvised explosive device\|IED]]<ref name=untaetdaily03aug00/> {{flagicon\|KOR}} [[Korea Selatan]] – 4 tewas dan 1 hilang karena kecelakaan <ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2003-03-07/four-s-korean-soldiers-killed-in-e-timor-accident/1813650 \|title=Four S Korean soldiers killed in E Timor accident \|newspaper=ABC News \|date=7 March 2003 \|access-date=10 November 2020}}</ref> {{flagicon\|USA}} [[United States Armed Forces\|Amerika Serikat]] – 1 luka-luka<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.cnn.com/ASIANOW/southeast/9909/04/e.timor.03/ \|title=U.S. police officer shot as East Timor violence surges \|date=4 September 1999 \|work=ASIA Now \|publisher=CNN \|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> Total: 25 tewas dalam sumber lain<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/canadian-armed-forces/easttimor \|title=The Canadian Armed Forces in East Timor \|publisher=Veterans Affairs Canada \|access-date=10 November 2020}}</ref> \| casualties2 = Setidaknya 23 tewas dan setidaknya 116 ditangkap<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.etan.org/et2005/november/07/10files.htm \|title=Subject: Files reveal 1999 East Timor clashes \|date=14 November 2005 \|access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>{{sfn\|Dennis et al\|2008\|p=192}} ~~\| casualties3 = 1,400 penduduk sipil tewas~~ <br>220,000+ pengungsi<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/latest/2020/9/5f59f0174/remembering-unhcr-colleagues-killed-in-atambua-west-timor-twenty-years.html \|title=Remembering UNHCR colleagues killed in Atambua, West Timor, twenty years on \|publisher= UNHCR \|date=10 September 2020 \|access-date=12 November 2020}}</ref> 3 staf UNHCR tewas<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2000/9/3ae6b81733/unhcr-confirms-three-staff-killed-west-timor-attack.html \|title=UNHCR confirms three staff killed in West Timor attack \|date=6 September 2000 \|publisher=UNHCR \|access-date=12 November 2020}}</ref> 2 jurnalis tewas<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://cpj.org/2000/03/attacks-on-the-press-1999-east-timor-formerly-indo/ \|title=Attacks on the Press 1999: East Timor \|publisher=Committee to Protect Journalists \|date= 22 March 2000\|access-date=12 November 2020}}</ref> 1 Tentara Indonesia tewas<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/nz-peacekeepers-kill-indonesian-soldier/Z2KOVXHV7QRQJKGOKODFE7W5OI/ \|title=NZ peacekeepers kill Indonesian soldier \|date=31 July 2001 \|work=NZ Herald \|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> 1 Polisi Indonesia tewas<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/interfet-fires-at-indonesian-police-near-frontier-post-1.237208%3Fmode%3Damp \|title=Interfet fires at Indonesian police near frontier post \|newspaper=The Irish Times \|date=11 October 1999 \|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> }} [[Berkas:Habibie presidential oath.jpg\|jmpl\|300px\|Presiden Indonesia [[BJ Habibie]] mengambil sumpah jabatan presiden pada 21 Mei 1998.]] [[Berkas:President gusmao.jpg\|jmpl\|[[Xanana Gusmão]], salah satu pemimpin gerakan kemerdekaan Timor Timur (gambar tahun 2002).]] [[Berkas:Peter Cosgrove 2000.jpg\|jmpl\|Mayor Jenderal [[Peter Cosgrove]] (kanan) komandan INTERFET.]] '''INTERFET''' ('''International Force ~~for~~ East Timor''', {{lang-id\|Pasukan Internasional ~~untuk~~ Timor Timur}}) adalah satuan tugas [[penjaga perdamaian]] multinasional non-[[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]] yang dibentuk dan dipimpin oleh [[Australia]] sesuai dengan resolusi PBB untuk mengatasi [[Krisis Kemanusiaan\|krisis kemanusiaan]] dan keamanan yang berlangsung di [[Timor Timur]] dari tahun 1999-2000 sampai kedatangan pasukan penjaga perdamaian PBB.<ref name="awm.gov.au"/> INTERFET dipimpin oleh perwira tinggi Australia, Mayor Jenderal [[Peter Cosgrove]]. == Latar belakang == Baris 107 ⟶ 47: == Negara-negara INTERFET == {{seealso\|Logistik misi INTERFET}} [[Australia]] menyediakan kontingen terbesar pasukan, perangkat keras dan peralatan untuk INTERFET dengan 5.500 personel lalu diikuti oleh [[Selandia Baru]].<ref>Horner 2001, p. 9.</ref> Selandia Baru mengirim 1.100 personel [[~~Pasukan~~Angkatan Pertahanan Selandia Baru\|NZDF]], dan hampir 4.000 orang Selandia Baru bertugas di [[Timor Timur]]. Ini adalah penyebaran militer di luar negeri terbesar Selandia Baru sejak [[Perang Korea]]. [[Logistik misi INTERFET\|Logistik misi ini]] menjadi tantangan sendiri karena pasukan terdiri dari berbagai negara, Australia yang militernya belum terbiasa menjadi pemimpin koalisi internasional, dan kondisi geografi dan infrastruktur Timor Timur yang menylitkan pengiriman pasokan. 22 negara memberikan kontribusi terhadap INTERFET yang akhirnya tumbuh menjadi kekuatan yang terdiri dari lebih 11.000 personel. Negara-negara lain yang berkontribusi adalah (dalam urutan abjad), [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Brasil]], [[Britania Raya]], [[Filipina]], [[Irlandia]], [[Italia]], [[Jerman]], [[Kanada]], [[Kenya]], [[Korea Selatan]], [[Malaysia]], [[Norwegia]], [[Pakistan]], [[Prancis]], [[Portugal]], [[Singapura]], [[Thailand]]. Sebagian besar negara peserta diberikan [[Medali Pasukan Internasional Timor Timur]] oleh Pemerintah Australia. == Lihat pula == Baris 139 ⟶ 79: {{Krisis Timor Leste 1999}} [[Kategori:Pasukan perdamaian Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]] [[Kategori:Sejarah Timor Leste]] [[Kategori:Pendudukan Indonesia di Timor Timur]] [[Kategori:Operasi militer yang melibatkan Australia]]