Penembakan sinagoge Pittsburg: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Penembakan tempat peribadatan Yahudi di Pittsburg tahun 2018''' ({{lang-en|Pittsburgh synagoge shooting}}, [[bahasa Ibrani]]: קהילתn עץ החיים – אור לשמחה) adalah suatu kejadian penembakan yang gencar dilakukan di tempat peribadatan Yahudi yang diberi nama, yakni Tree of Life (arti harafiahnya ''pohon kehidupan'') - Or L'Simcha yang terletak pada sebuah lingkungan perumahan bernama Squirrel Hill di daerah [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Amerika Serikat]] pada 27 Oktober 2018 bertepatan dengan diadakannya kebaktian pagi [[Shabbat]] dan [[brit milah|upacara penyunatan bagi laki-laki beragama Yahudi]]. Dampak merugikan dari kejadian ini di antaranya sebelas orang tewas tertembak dan sembilan orang menderita luka-luka di tubuh. Telah didapati satu-satunya tersangka pelaku penembakan tempat peribadatan yang akhirnya diringkus, yaitu seorang pria berusia 46 tahun bernama Robert Gregory Bowers dengan dinyatakan bersalah oleh pihak penegak hukum federal atas perkara mengacaukan kebebasan beragama, kejahatan atas dasar kebencian dan pemakaian senjata api atas tujuan melancarkan pembunuhan. Ia diganjar pula oleh pihak penegak hukum negara bagian Pennsylvania dengan mencatatkan pidana pembunuhan sebanyak 11 kali, 6 kali terhitung melancarkan hantaman mendadak yang terus menjadi-jadi dan sebanyak 13 kali bertindak menakut-nakuti, menggertak dan mengancam suku bangsa tertentu.<ref name="NYT-JTKR-20181027">{{cite news |last1=Turkewitz |first1=Julie |last2=Roose |first2=Kevin |title=What We Know About Robert Bowers, Suspect in Pittsburgh Synagogue Shooting |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/27/us/robert-bowers-pittsburgh-synagogue-shooter.html |date=27 Oktober 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=27 Oktober 2018 }}</ref><ref name="CBS-News-20181027">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=Pittsburgh Synagogue Shooter Identified As Robert Bowers, Yelled 'All Jews Must Die' As He Opened Fire |url=https://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2018/10/27/pittsburgh-synagogue-shooting-suspect-identified/ |date=27 Oktober 2018 |work=[[CBS News]] |accessdate=27 Oktober 2018}}</ref><ref name="CNN-20181027" /><ref name="CBS-20181027">{{cite news |last=Carissimo |first=Justin |title=At least 8 dead in shooting at Pittsburgh synagogue -- live updates |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/heavy-police-presence-near-synagogue-in-pittsburgh-as-active-shooter-reported-today-live-updates-2018-10-27/ |date=27 Oktober 2018 |work=[[CBS News]] |accessdate=27 Oktober 2018}}</ref><ref name="NYT-counts-20181027">{{cite news |last1=Robertson |first1=Campbell |last2=Mele |first2=Christopher |last3=Tsvrernise |first3=Sabrina |title=11 Killed in Pittsburgh Synagogue Massacre; Suspect Charged With 29 Counts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/27/us/active-shooter-pittsburgh-synagogue-shooting.html |date=27 Oktober 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=27 Oktober 2018 }}</ref><ref name="PG-counts-20181027">{{cite news |last1=Ward |first1=Paula Reed |last2=Lord |first2=Rich |last3=Navratil |first3=Liz |title=29 federal charges filed against shooting suspect Robert Bowers - Social posts attributed to suspect may provide clues |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/news/crime-courts/2018/10/27/squirrel-hill-synagogue-shooting-suspect-pittsburgh-mass-officers-victims-casualties/stories/201810270072|date=27 Oktober 2018 |work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |accessdate=27 Oktober 2018 }}</ref>

Robert Gregory Bowers (lahir 4 September 1972)<ref name="MDJ-20181027" /><ref name="WSJ-20181028EA-JRH">{{cite news |last1=Ailworth |first1=Erin |last2=Hagerty |first2=James R. |title=Pittsburgh Shooting Suspect Described as Man Who Kept to Himself - Robert G. Bowers was active on social media, but few recall him in person; 'very unremarkable, normal—which is scary' says one neighbor |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pittsburgh-shooting-suspect-described-as-man-who-kept-to-himself-1540771482 |date=October 28, 2018 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |accessdate=October 29, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania |url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5022768-Robert-Bowers-PA-Criminal-Complaint.html |title=Criminal Complaint (PDF) |via=[[DocumentCloud]] |date=October 28, 2018 |accessdate=October 31, 2018}}</ref> adalah seorang warga negara [[Amerika Serikat]] yang tempat tinggalnya berada di daerah [[Baldwin, Pennsylvania]], [[Amerika Serikat]]. Dia diringkus pihak aparat keamanan atas sangkaan melakukan penembakan.<ref name="NYT-JTKR-20181027"/><ref name=nytghost>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/28/us/pittsburgh-shooting-robert-bowers.html|title=Pittsburgh Synagogue Massacre Suspect Was ‘Pretty Much a Ghost’|last=Gabriel|first=Trip|date=October 28, 2018|work=The New York Times|accessdate=October 30, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Bowers">{{cite web |url=https://ujsportal.pacourts.us/DocketSheets/MDJReport.ashx?docketNumber=MJ-05003-CR-0009000-2018|title=Criminal Docket against Bowers, Robert Gregory|publisher=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania|format=PDF |access-date=October 28, 2018}}</ref><ref name="NYT-JTKR-20181027"/><ref name="PG-Bowers">{{cite news|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/news/crime-courts/2018/10/27/squirrel-hill-synagogue-shooting-suspect-pittsburgh-mass-officers-victims-casualties/stories/201810270072|title=29 federal charges filed against shooting suspect Robert Bowers|last=Ward|first=Paula|date=October 27, 2018|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|accessdate=October 27, 2018|last2=Lord|first2=Rich|last3=Navratil|first3=Liz}}</ref> Baru menginjak usia satu tahun, orang tuanya telah bercerai. Pernah dilaporkan bahwa sang ayah berperilaku menyimpang dengan cara [[bunuh diri]] saat berusia 27 tahun, di mana Bowers lebih kurang hampir berusia 6 tahun.<ref name=seal>{{cite web |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/news/crime-courts/2018/11/01/randall-robert-bowers-court-case-sealed-order-tree-of-life-allegheny-county/stories/201811010164|title=Judge seals old criminal case file for presumed father of Pittsburgh synagogue shooting suspect|first1=Paula Reed|last1=Ward|first2=Liz|last2=Navratil|first3=Rich|last3=Lord|date=November 1, 2018|accessdate=November 5, 2018|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette}}</ref><ref name=wash/><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/02/us/pittsburgh-gunman-father-rape-case.html NYTimes Nov. 2 2018 "Man Said to Be Pittsburgh Suspect's Father Killed Himself Amid 1979 Rape Case"]</ref> Saat baru pandai berjalan sendirian, sang ibu kembali menjalin perkawinan bersama seorang laki-laki yang berdiam di negara bagian [[Florida]], [[AS]] dan mereka bertiga memutuskan hidup serumah di Florida hingga perceraian terjadi lagi setelah baru berlangsung satu tahun. Sekembalinya dari Florida menuju Pennsylvania, ia beserta ibunya berpindah ke sebuah daerah kecil bernama Whitehall untuk berdiam di tempat tinggal nenek Robert dari pihak keluarga ibunya atau orang tua perempuan dari ibu Robert. Di tempat tinggal tersebut, tanggung jawab diserahkan kepada orang tua perempuan dari ibu Robert untuk mengasuh Robert lantaran terdapat gangguan kinerja tubuh yang diderita ibu Robert.<ref name=wash>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/as-questions-linger-about-pittsburgh-suspect-details-emerge-from-his-early-life/2018/11/02/a643c506-dec7-11e8-b732-3c72cbf131f2_story.html?utm_term=.e1551494aa70|title=As questions linger about Pittsburgh suspect, details emerge from his early life|first1=Moriah|last1=Balingit|first2=Victoria |last2=St. Martin|first3=Mark |last3=Berman|date= November 2, 2018|accessdate=November 5, 2018|work=The Washington Post}}</ref>

Masa sekolah Bowers dihabiskan di [[Sekolah menengah atas|Sekolah Menengah Atas]] Baldwin (Baldwin High School) mulai bulan Agustus 1986 hingga bulan November 1989, lalu ia harus putus sekolah dengan menyibukkan diri menjadi seorang [[Truk|pengemudi oto pengangkut barang]].<ref>Pittsburgh Post Gazette, Nov 1, 2018"A high school dropout and trucker, Robert Bowers left few footprints — except online"[http://www.post-gazette.com/news/crime-courts/2018/10/29/Robert-Bowers-suspect-gunman-Pittsburgh-Tree-of-Life-synagogue-massacre-attack-federal-court/stories/201810290090]</ref><ref>New York Times, Oct 28, 2018, "Pittsburgh Synagogue Massacre Suspect Was ‘Pretty Much a Ghost’" [https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/28/us/pittsburgh-shooting-robert-bowers.html]</ref>