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{{main article|Entomological warfare}}
The use of [[Entomological warfare|insects for warfare]] may have been attempted in the Middle Ages or earlier, but was first systematically researched by several nations during the twentieth century. It was put into practice by the Japanese army's Unit 731 in attacks on China during the [[Second World War]], killing almost 500,000 Chinese people with [[flea]]s infected with [[Bubonic plague|plague]] and flies infected with [[cholera]].<ref name=lockwood>{{cite journal |author=Lockwood, Jeffrey A. |url=http://www.the-scientist.com/news/print/55104/ |title=Six-legged soldiers |journal=[[The Scientist (magazine)|The Scientist]] |date=24 October 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Lockwood |first1=Jeffrey A. |title=Six-Legged Soldiers: Using Insects as Weapons of War |url=https://archive.org/details/sixleggedsoldier0000lock |date=2009 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-199-73353-8}}</ref> Also in the Second World War, the Germans explored the use of [[Colorado beetle]]s to destroy enemy potato crops.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lockwood|first1=Jeffrey A.|title=Bug Bomb. Why our next terrorist attack could come on six legs|journal=The Boston Globe|date=21 October 2007|url=http://archive.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2007/10/21/bug_bomb/|accessdate=6 January 2017}}</ref> During the [[Cold War]], the US Army considered using [[yellow fever]] mosquitoes to attack Soviet cities.<ref name=lockwood/>-->
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==Symbolic uses==
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