Gempa bumi Turki–Suriah 2023: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Location map~|Turki|lat=39.93|long=32.86|label=Ankara|label_size=100|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|Turki#Syria|lat=36.20|long=37.16|label=Aleppo|position=left|label_size=100|mark=Red pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|Turki#Syria|lat=37.17|long=37.03|label_size=80|label=M7.8|mark=Bullseye1.png|marksize=40}}
{{Location map~|Turki#Syria|lat=38.011|long=37.196|label_size=80|label=M7.5|position=left|mark=bullseye1.png|marksize=40}}
|relief = yes
|label =
Baris 33 ⟶ 34:
| fault =[[Patahan (geologi)|Transformasi Laut Mati,
Sesar Anatolia Timur, Sesar Çardak–Sürgü]]
| damages = [[USD|US$]]163 miliar{{efn|$148
| intensity = {{MMI|12}}<br>{{MMI|10}}
| PGA = 2.212 ''[[Percepatan tanah puncak|g]]''
| PGV =
| landslide =Ya
| aftershocks = ≥30,000 kali (per 3 September) dengan magnitudo lebih dari 4,0 M<sub>ww</sub><br>Terbesar 7,5 [[Skala magnitudo seismik|M<sub>ww</sub>]] atau 7,7 [[Skala magnitudo seismik|M<sub>w</sub>]] pada 6 Februari, 10:24 (UTC+3)
| casualties = *
*
* 8,476 tewas, 14,500 luka-luka di [[Suriah]]
| type = [[Patahan (geologi)|Sesar geser]], [[
| image alt =
| map alt =
Baris 48 ⟶ 49:
| countries affected = [[Turki]] dan [[Suriah]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=USGS |date=6 February 2023 |title=USGS earthquake catalog |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/?extent=34.02535,30.00366&extent=40.12009,43.36304&range=search&timeZone=utc&search=%7B%22name%22:%22Search%20Results%22,%22params%22:%7B%22starttime%22:%222023-02-06%2000:00:00%22,%22endtime%22:%222025-02-06%2023:59:59%22,%22maxlatitude%22:38.737,%22minlatitude%22:35.496,%22maxlongitude%22:39.452,%22minlongitude%22:33.904,%22minmagnitude%22:4,%22maxmagnitude%22:7.4,%22orderby%22:%22time%22%7D%7D |access-date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002654/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/?extent=34.02535,30.00366&extent=40.12009,43.36304&range=search&timeZone=utc&search=%7B%22name%22:%22Search%20Results%22,%22params%22:%7B%22starttime%22:%222023-02-06%2000:00:00%22,%22endtime%22:%222025-02-06%2023:59:59%22,%22maxlatitude%22:38.737,%22minlatitude%22:35.496,%22maxlongitude%22:39.452,%22minlongitude%22:33.904,%22minmagnitude%22:4,%22maxmagnitude%22:7.4,%22orderby%22:%22time%22%7D%7D |url-status=live}}</ref>}}
Pada Tanggal 6 Februari 2023,
Sejumlah [[gempa susulan]] terjadi setelah gempa pertama, dengan yang terbesar di antaranya berkekuatan 6,7 [[Skala magnitudo seismik|M<sub>ww</sub>]] yang mengguncang 11 menit setelahnya. Gempa bumi kedua terjadi sembilan jam kemudian, di 5 km selatan–tenggara Ekinözü, di [[Provinsi Kahramanmaraş]] pada pukul 13:24 waktu setempat (10:24 UTC), dengan maksimum [[Skala intensitas Mercalli yang dimodifikasi|intensitas Mercalli]] X (''Ekstrem'') bermagnitudo 7,5 [[Skala magnitudo seismik|M<sub>ww</sub>]] atau [[Skala magnitudo seismik|M<sub>w</sub>]] 7.7 menurut GEOSCOPE<ref>[http://geoscope.ipgp.fr/index.php/en/catalog/earthquake-description?seis=us6000jlqa "TURKEY 2023/02/06 10:24:49 UTC, Mw=7.7"]. GEOSCOPE Observatory. 6 Februari 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230206142223/http://geoscope.ipgp.fr/index.php/en/catalog/earthquake-description?seis=us6000jlqa Diarsipkan] dari versi asli tanggal 6 Februari 2023. Diakses tanggal 6 Februari 2023.</ref> dan GCMT<ref>[https://www.globalcmt.org/cgi-bin/globalcmt-cgi-bin/CMT5/form?itype=ymd&yr=2023&mo=2&day=6&oyr=2023&omo=2&oday=7&jyr=1976&jday=1&ojyr=1976&ojday=1&otype=nd&nday=1&lmw=7&umw=10&lms=0&ums=10&lmb=0&umb=10&llat=-90&ulat=90&llon=-180&ulon=180&lhd=0&uhd=1000<s=-9999&uts=9999&lpe1=0&upe1=90&lpe2=0&upe2=90&list=0 "Global CMT Catalog Search"] Global Centroid Moment Tensor. 6 Februari 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002705/https://www.globalcmt.org/cgi-bin/globalcmt-cgi-bin/CMT5/form?itype=ymd&yr=2023&mo=2&day=6&oyr=2023&omo=2&oday=7&jyr=1976&jday=1&ojyr=1976&ojday=1&otype=nd&nday=1&lmw=7&umw=10&lms=0&ums=10&lmb=0&umb=10&llat=-90&ulat=90&llon=-180&ulon=180&lhd=0&uhd=1000<s=-9999&uts=9999&lpe1=0&upe1=90&lpe2=0&upe2=90&list=0 Diarsipkan] dari versi asli tanggal 7 Februari 2023. Diakses tanggal 6 Februari 2023.</ref>
Akibat dari runtunan gempa tersebut, lebih dari
Terjadi kerusakan luas di area seluas sekitar 350.000 km2 (140.000 sq mi) (atau seukuran negara [[Jerman]]). Diperkirakan 14 juta orang, atau 16% dari populasi Turki, terkena dampaknya. [[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa|PBB]] memperkirakan lebih dari 1,5 juta orang kehilangan tempat tinggal.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=1.5 million now homeless in Türkiye after quake disaster, warn UN development experts |trans-title=1,5 juta sekarang kehilangan tempat tinggal di Türkiye setelah bencana gempa, para pakar pembangunan PBB memperingatkan |url=https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/news/2023/02/78128/15-million-now-homeless-turkiye-after-quake-disaster-warn-un |language=en |date=21 Februari 2023 |access-date=23 Februari 2023 |website=United Nations Office at Geneva |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226201433/https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/news/2023/02/78128/15-million-now-homeless-turkiye-after-quake-disaster-warn-un |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Baris 60 ⟶ 61:
== Latar belakang tektonik ==
=== Geologi ===
[[File:Eurasian & Anatolian Plate.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Lempeng Eurasia]] dan [[:en:Anatolian Plate|Lempeng Anatolia]]. Batas lempeng ini menyebabkan gempa pada 6 Februari 2023]]
[[Berkas:Anatolian Plate Vectoral.svg|lang=en|thumb|300px|Peta Lempeng Anatolia, menampilkan Patahan Anatolia Timur dan [[Patahan Anatolia Utara]].]]
Lokasi awal gempa menempatkannya di sekitar [[Triple junction|persimpangan tiga]] antara lempeng [[
=== Seismik ===
[[File:Map of earthquakes in Turkey 1900-2023.svg|thumb|350px|Sejarah gempa bumi di Turki dari tahun 1900–2023]]
Wilayah tempat terjadinya gempa 6 Februari relatif sepi secara seismologis. Hanya tiga gempa berkekuatan 6 atau lebih besar yang terjadi dalam jarak 250 km dari gempa 6 Februari sejak 1970. Yang terbesar, berkekuatan 6,7, terjadi di timur laut gempa 6 Februari pada 24 Januari 2020. Semua gempa ini terjadi sepanjang atau di sekitar patahan Anatolia Timur. Meskipun ketenangan seismik relatif dari daerah episentral pada tanggal 6 Februari, Turki selatan dan Suriah utara telah mengalami gempa bumi yang signifikan dan merusak di masa lalu. Aleppo, di Suriah, pernah hancur beberapa kali secara historis oleh gempa bumi besar, meskipun lokasi persisnya dan besarnya gempa ini hanya dapat diperkirakan. Aleppo dilanda [[
== Gempa bumi ==
Baris 202 ⟶ 204:
== Dampak dan korban di Turki ==
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders floatright" style="clear:right; margin-left:7px; margin-top:0; margin-right:0; margin-bottom:3px; font-size:90%;"
|+Korban menurut provinsi Turki<ref name="FEB_7_CASUALTIES">{{Cite web|url=https://www.haberturk.com/ankara-haberleri/30211312-saglik-bakani-koca-kahramanmaras-merkezli-depremlere-iliskin-aciklamada-bulundu|title=Sağlık Bakanı Koca, Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremlere ilişkin açıklamada bulundu:|website=haberturk.com|language=tr|date=7 February 2023|access-date=2023-02-08|archive-date=2023-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207192334/https://www.haberturk.com/ankara-haberleri/30211312-saglik-bakani-koca-kahramanmaras-merkezli-depremlere-iliskin-aciklamada-bulundu|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Feb7Count">{{cite news |title=Gaziantep depremi ölü ve yaralı sayısı: Gaziantep’te kaç bina yıkıldı, ölü sayısı kaç oldu, kaç kişi yaralandı? |trans-title=Number of dead and injured in Gaziantep earthquake: How many buildings were destroyed in Gaziantep, how many were killed, how many people were injured? |url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/galeri/yasam/gaziantep-depremi-olu-ve-yarali-sayisi-gaziantepte-kac-bina-yikildi-olu-sayisi-kac-oldu-kac-kisi-yaralandi/5 |access-date=7 February 2023 |agency=Sabah |date=7 February 2023 |language=tr |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207123315/https://www.sabah.com.tr/galeri/yasam/gaziantep-depremi-olu-ve-yarali-sayisi-gaziantepte-kac-bina-yikildi-olu-sayisi-kac-oldu-kac-kisi-yaralandi/5 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="TRToll9FEB">{{cite news |last1=Göçümlü |first1=B. Ç. |title=Sağlık Bakanı Koca: 10 ilde 17 bin 929'u hekim olmak üzere 143 bin 829 personelimiz hizmet veriyor|trans-title=Health Minister Husband: 143 thousand 829 personnel, 17 thousand 929 of whom are physicians, provide service in 10 provinces |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/asrin-felaketi/saglik-bakani-koca-10-ilde-17-bin-929u-hekim-olmak-uzere-143-bin-829-personelimiz-hizmet-veriyor/2813793# |access-date=10 February 2023 |publisher=Anadolu Agency |date=9 February 2023 |language=tr}}</ref>
! scope="col"|Provinsi
! scope="col"|Meninggal
Baris 279 ⟶ 281:
|-
!scope="row"|'''Total'''
|53,537
|107
|
|}
Di Turki, total setidaknya
Pada tanggal 23 Februari 2023, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup, Urbanisasi dan Perubahan Iklim melakukan inspeksi kerusakan pada 1,25 juta bangunan; mengungkapkan 164.000 bangunan hancur atau rusak parah. Sebanyak 150.000 infrastruktur komersial lainnya mengalami kerusakan sedang. Organisasi Internasional untuk Migrasi memperkirakan lebih dari 2,7 juta orang kehilangan tempat tinggal. Penilaian kerusakan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Turki mengungkapkan setidaknya 61.722 bangunan harus dihancurkan termasuk 11.900 di Provinsi [[Gaziantep]], 10.900 di Provinsi [[Hatay]], 10.800 di Provinsi [[Kahramanmaraş]], dan 36.046 di Provinsi [[Malatya]]. Retakan lebar muncul di jalan. Selama upaya pemulihan, banyak ditemukan potongan tubuh di reruntuhan.
Baris 319 ⟶ 321:
== Dampak dan korban di Suriah ==
[[Berkas:زلزال سوريا وتركيا 722023جنديرس 02.jpg|thumb|230px|Kerusakan di [[Aleppo]], Suriah]]
Menurut pejabat yang didukung Turki pada 2 Februari 2024, 4.537 orang tewas di wilayah yang dikuasai pemberontak sementara 1.414 orang tewas di wilayah yang dikuasai pemerintah. Bulan Sabit Biru Internasional menyebutkan jumlah korban tewas di Suriah mencapai 8.476 jiwa.<ref name="SY8476B">{{Cite web|title=Devastating Earthquakes in Southern Türkiye and Northern Syria, April 6th 2023, Situation Report 20 [EN/TR]|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/devastating-earthquakes-southern-turkiye-and-northern-syria-april-6th-2023-situation-report-20-entr|work=International Blue Crescent|type=Report|publisher=[[Reliefweb]]|date=6 April 2023|access-date=20 April 2023|archive-date=21 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421193209/https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/devastating-earthquakes-southern-turkiye-and-northern-syria-april-6th-2023-situation-report-20-entr|url-status=live}}</ref> Kementerian Kesehatan Suriah mengatakan lebih dari 2.248 orang meninggal,<ref name="SY8476">{{Cite web|title=ارتفاع حصيلة الـ ـضـ ـحـ ـايـ ـا الذين فـ ـارقـ ـوا الحياة جراء الـ ـزلـ ـز ا ل الـ ـمـ ـدمّـ ـر في سوريا إلى 6795 إنسان|url=https://www.syriahr.com/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%ad%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%b6%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%ad%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%a7%d9%8a%d9%80-%d9%80%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81/591382/|publisher=[[Syrian Observatory for Human Rights]]|date=5 March 2023|access-date=5 March 2023|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404060112/https://www.syriahr.com/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%B6%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%AD%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81/591382/|url-status=live}}</ref> sebagian besar berada di [[Aleppo]] dan [[Latakia]].<ref name="812dead">{{cite news |title=Health Ministry: Death toll from earthquake has risen to 812 deaths and 1,449 injuries, in provinces of Aleppo, Lattakia, Hama, Idleb Countryside and Tartous |url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299328 |access-date=7 February 2023 |agency=[[Syrian Arab News Agency]] |date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207075007/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299328 |url-status=live}}</ref> Di wilayah yang dikuasai pemberontak, sedikitnya 4.547 orang tewas.<ref name="SY8476"/><ref name="SOHR">{{cite news |date=8 February 2023 |title=72 after catastrophe 3,556 people killed in Syria due to devastating earthquake |publisher=SOHR |url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/287884/ |access-date=9 February 2023 |archive-date=12 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212140625/https://www.syriahr.com/en/287884/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Dakss1">{{Cite news |last1=Dakss |first1=B. |last2=Ott |first2=H. |last3=Reals |first3=T. |date=6 February 2023 |title=Earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria, leaving more than 2,300 dead and thousands injured |publisher=[[CBS News]] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/earthquake-turkey-syria-death-toll-rescues/ |access-date=6 February 2023 |archive-date=6 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206121230/https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/earthquake-turkey-syria-death-toll-rescues/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Dalam laporan Korps Medis Internasional tertanggal 8 Maret 2023, 7.259 orang dipastikan meninggal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Syria/Turkey Earthquakes Situation Report #7, March 8, 2023 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syriaturkey-earthquakes-situation-report-7-march-8-2023 |website=ReliefWeb |access-date=7 February 2024 |date=8 March 2023 |archive-date=13 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913085054/https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syriaturkey-earthquakes-situation-report-7-march-8-2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Lebih dari 14.500 orang juga terluka di Suriah.<ref name="SY7259">{{Cite web|title=Syria/Turkey Earthquakes Situation Report #7, March 8, 2023|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syriaturkey-earthquakes-situation-report-7-march-8-2023|publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]|date=8 March 2023|access-date=9 March 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913085054/https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syriaturkey-earthquakes-situation-report-7-march-8-2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Di antara korban tewas termasuk 2.153 anak-anak dan 1.524 perempuan.<ref name="SY7259B">{{Cite web|title=A Total of 7,259 Syrians, including 2,153 Children and 1,524 Women, Died Due to the Turkey-Syria Earthquake: 2,534 Died in Non-Regime Territories, 394 in Regime Territories, and 4,331 in Turkey|url=https://snhr.org/blog/2023/02/28/a-total-of-7259-syrians-including-2153-children-and-1524-women-died-due-to-the-turkey-syria-earthquake-2534-died-in-non-regime-territories-394-in-regime-territories-and-4331-in-turkey/|publisher=[[Syrian Network for Human Rights]]|date=28 February 2023|access-date=10 March 2023|archive-date=31 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331183746/https://snhr.org/blog/2023/02/28/a-total-of-7259-syrians-including-2153-children-and-1524-women-died-due-to-the-turkey-syria-earthquake-2534-died-in-non-regime-territories-394-in-regime-territories-and-4331-in-turkey/|url-status=live}}</ref> Jaringan Hak Asasi Manusia Suriah menyatakan 73 petugas medis, lima personel media, 62 pekerja di lembaga kemanusiaan, dan empat personel pertahanan sipil termasuk di antara korban tewas.<ref name="7259Syrians">{{cite news |title=7,259 Syrians killed in earthquakes: NGO |last=Yusuf |first=Muhammed |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/7-259-syrians-killed-in-earthquakes-ngo/2833694 |access-date=28 February 2023 |agency=[[Anadolu Agency]] |date=28 February 2023 |archive-date=28 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228162531/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/7-259-syrians-killed-in-earthquakes-ngo/2833694 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pemantau Hak Asasi Manusia Suriah mengatakan korban tewas lainnya dikuburkan sebelum dicatat dan beberapa korban meninggal di rumah sakit.<ref name="SY8476" /> Pusat Gempa Nasional Suriah mengatakan gempa ini adalah "gempa terbesar yang tercatat" dalam sejarah operasionalnya.<ref name="cna1"/>
Diperkirakan 5,37 juta orang di seluruh Suriah mungkin kehilangan tempat tinggal, sementara 10,9 juta orang, hampir separuh populasi Suriah, terkena dampaknya. Lebih dari 123 kawasan pemukiman, desa, kota kecil dan kota besar rusak parah. Banyak pembangkit listrik, fasilitas air, rumah sakit, dan infrastruktur umum juga mengalami kerusakan. Setidaknya 453 sekolah rusak. Sebanyak 10.600 bangunan runtuh sebagian atau seluruhnya, sementara ribuan lainnya rusak di negara tersebut.<ref name="SOHR"/><ref name="SKY_NEWS_LIVE">{{Cite web|title=Turkey-Syria earthquake – updates: More than 6,300 killed; Syrian town bombed 'straight after earthquake'|url=https://news.sky.com/story/turkey-syria-earthquake-latest-updates-rescue-operation-as-thousands-confirmed-dead-12804459|publisher=[[Sky News]]|date=7 February 2023|access-date=2023-02-08|archive-date=2023-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207183958/https://news.sky.com/story/turkey-syria-earthquake-latest-updates-rescue-operation-as-thousands-confirmed-dead-12804459|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Dakss1">{{Cite news |last=Dakss |first=B. |last2=Ott |first2=H. |last3=Reals |first3=T. |date=6 February 2023 |title=Earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria, leaving more than 2,300 dead and thousands injured |publisher=CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/earthquake-turkey-syria-death-toll-rescues/ |access-date=6 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206121230/https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/earthquake-turkey-syria-death-toll-rescues/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="rte1400" />▼
▲Diperkirakan 5,37 juta orang di seluruh Suriah mungkin kehilangan tempat tinggal, sementara 10,9 juta orang, hampir separuh populasi Suriah, terkena dampaknya. Lebih dari 123 kawasan pemukiman, desa, kota kecil dan kota besar rusak parah. Banyak pembangkit listrik, fasilitas air, rumah sakit, dan infrastruktur umum juga mengalami kerusakan. Setidaknya 453 sekolah rusak. Sebanyak 10.600 bangunan runtuh sebagian atau seluruhnya, sementara ribuan lainnya rusak di negara tersebut.<ref name="SOHR"/><ref name="SKY_NEWS_LIVE">{{Cite web|title=Turkey-Syria earthquake – updates: More than 6,300 killed; Syrian town bombed 'straight after earthquake'|url=https://news.sky.com/story/turkey-syria-earthquake-latest-updates-rescue-operation-as-thousands-confirmed-dead-12804459|publisher=[[Sky News]]|date=7 February 2023|access-date=2023-02-08|archive-date=2023-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207183958/https://news.sky.com/story/turkey-syria-earthquake-latest-updates-rescue-operation-as-thousands-confirmed-dead-12804459|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Dakss1"
[[File:Aleppo after the 7.8 magnitude earthquake centered in Türkiye 9.jpg|thumb|230px|Kerusakan pada Apartemen di [[Aleppo]]]]
Baris 476 ⟶ 479:
|align=right|1
|-
! rowspan="2" |Total
!7,309
|}
Setidaknya 6.600 warga [[Suriah]] yang tinggal di Turki terbunuh. Menurut Kepresidenan Manajemen Migrasi Turki, 1,75 juta warga Suriah terdampak di Turki selatan; 460.150 di [[Gaziantep]]; 354.000 di [[Antakya]]; 368.000 di [[Şanlıurfa]]; 250.000 di [[Adana]]. Kementerian Kesehatan Turki mengembalikan jenazah 1.793 korban asal Suriah ke kerabat mereka di Suriah, sementara ribuan warga Suriah dimakamkan di Turki karena kesulitan mengangkut mereka ke Suriah. 105 Pengungsi asal [[Palestina]] tewas di Turki. Setidaknya 11 pengungsi perang [[Irak]] tewas di Turki.<ref name="BaladiSyriandead">{{cite news |last1=Baladi |first1=E. |title=Half of Syrians in Turkey live in the earthquake zone |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/02/half-of-syrians-in-turkey-live-in-the-earthquake-zone/ |access-date=9 February 2023 |agency=Enab Baladi |date=8 February 2023}}</ref>
Setidaknya 100 warga [[Afghanistan]] tewas akibat gempa bumi di Turki, sebagian besar adalah pengungsi yang meninggalkan negara tersebut setelah pengambilalihan Taliban pada Agustus 2021. Di antara korban meninggal warga [[Lebanon]] adalah satu keluarga beranggotakan tiga orang di Malatya. Sepuluh warga [[Azerbaijan]] terbunuh di Turki, termasuk empat pelajar di Malatya. Sebuah keluarga [[Italia]] beranggotakan enam orang, dan seorang pengusaha juga tewas. Sembilan belas siswa, dua guru dan orang tua dari [[Siprus Utara]] tewas ketika Hotel Isias di Adiyaman runtuh. Tujuh warga Siprus Turki lainnya tewas di Hatay dan Kahramanmaraş.<ref name="D_6600">{{Cite web|author=IFRC|title=Türkiye – Earthquakes Operation Update #2 – Emergency Appeal № MDRTR004 (21/04/2023)|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkiye-earthquakes-operation-update-2-emergency-appeal-no-mdrtr004-21042023|publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]|date=21 April 2023|access-date=23 April 2023}}</ref>
Empat warga negara [[Indonesia]] turut menjadi korban, termasuk seorang bayi, dan 10 warga negara Indonesia lainnya mengalami luka berat.<ref>{{cite web|title=
Tujuh warga negara [[Italia]] tewas di Turki.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.open.online/2023/02/07/turchia-terremoto-italiano-disperso-tajani/|title=L’italiano disperso dopo il terremoto in Turchia: «La Farnesina non riesce a mettersi in contatto con lui»|work=Open|date=7 February 2023|language=Italian|access-date=2023-02-08|archive-date=2023-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207132907/https://www.open.online/2023/02/07/turchia-terremoto-italiano-disperso-tajani/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Tiga warga negara [[Britania Raya]] juga tewas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Turkey-Syria earthquake: Three British nationals missing, foreign secretary confirms |url=https://news.sky.com/story/turkey-syria-earthquake-three-british-nationals-missing-foreign-secretary-confirms-12805288 |publisher=Sky News |access-date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207143932/https://news.sky.com/story/turkey-syria-earthquake-three-british-nationals-missing-foreign-secretary-confirms-12805288 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Seorang pria dengan kewarganegaraan ganda [[Bulgaria]]-Turki juga dilaporkan tewas di [[İskenderun]].<ref>{{cite web |title=A man with Bulgarian citizenship is missing after the earthquake in Turkey |url=https://bntnews.bg/news/mazh-s-balgarsko-grazhdanstvo-e-v-neizvestnost-sled-zemetresenieto-v-turciya-1222682news.html |website=BNT |publisher=BNT |access-date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207003000/https://bntnews.bg/news/mazh-s-balgarsko-grazhdanstvo-e-v-neizvestnost-sled-zemetresenieto-v-turciya-1222682news.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> Pada tanggal 7 Februari, satu lagi orang Bulgaria dipastikan hilang di [[Provinsi Hatay]].<ref>{{cite web |title=One more Bulgarian citizen missing after Turkey quake |url=https://nova.bg/news/view/2023/02/07/400467/%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B5-%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B5-%D0%B2-%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82-%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0-%D0%B2-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F/ |website=NOVA |publisher=NOVA |access-date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207184111/https://nova.bg/news/view/2023/02/07/400467/%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B5-%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B5-%D0%B2-%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82-%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0-%D0%B2-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Baris 513 ⟶ 518:
[[File:Kahramanmaraş after 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Türkiye.jpg|230px|thumb|[[Kahramanmaraş]] setelah gempa bumi]]
Dalam pernyataan resmi, Menteri Pemuda dan Olahraga
Lebih dari 53.000 pekerja darurat Turki dikerahkan ke daerah yang terkena dampak gempa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Earthquakes in Turkey and Syria live updates: Death toll soars past 5,000 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/earthquake-turkey-syria-live-updates-rcna69449 |access-date=7 February 2023 |publisher=NBC News |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207092105/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/earthquake-turkey-syria-live-updates-rcna69449 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Sebuah tim yang terdiri dari 90 penambang dari [[Soma, Manisa|Soma]] tiba di Osmaniye untuk memberikan bantuan. Kota Metropolitan [[İzmir|Izmir]] juga mengirimkan lusinan kendaraan dan peralatan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Somalı madenciler arama kurtarma çalışmalarına katılmak için deprem bölgesine hareket etti |url=https://t24.com.tr/haber/somali-madenciler-arama-kurtarma-calismalarina-katilmak-icin-deprem-bolgesine-hareket-etti,1090280 |access-date=7 February 2023 |agency=T24 |date=7 February 2023 |language=tr |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207002707/https://t24.com.tr/haber/somali-madenciler-arama-kurtarma-calismalarina-katilmak-icin-deprem-bolgesine-hareket-etti,1090280 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Layanan darurat bergegas mencari korban selamat yang terjebak di bawah banyak bangunan yang runtuh. Sedikitnya 2.470 orang diselamatkan dari puing-puing.<ref name="912deadTR">{{cite news |title=Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: Depremde 912 vatandaşımız hayatını kaybetti |trans-title=President Erdoğan: 912 of our citizens lost their lives in the earthquake |url=https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-depremde-912-vatandasimiz-hayatini-kaybetti,OI1ZVd228U2HQqt9m26_Pg |access-date=6 February 2023 |agency=NTV |date=6 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206101910/https://www.ntv.com.tr/turkiye/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-depremde-912-vatandasimiz-hayatini-kaybetti,OI1ZVd228U2HQqt9m26_Pg |dead-url=no }}</ref> Di [[Adana]], orang-orang terdengar berteriak dari bawah puing-puing. Derek dan tim darurat di Diyarbakir mendatangi gedung apartemen yang rusak.<ref name="ap195dead">{{Cite news |last=Fraser |first=S. |date=6 February 2023 |title=Powerful quake kills at least 360 people in Turkey, Syria |agency=Associated Press |url=https://apnews.com/article/earthquake-shakes-turkey-b927808f6a5c54bdb669120faa40b7bc |access-date=6 February 2023}}</ref>
[[File:City of Adıyaman after 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Türkiye 45.jpg|230px|thumb|right|Reruntuhan
Baris 523 ⟶ 528:
=== Suriah ===
Pusat Gempa Nasional Suriah mengatakan gempa tersebut adalah "gempa bumi terbesar yang tercatat" dalam sejarah operasionalnya.<ref name="cna1" /> Menurut [[Kantor Berita Arab Suriah|SANA]], kantor berita negara, Presiden [[Bashar al-Assad]] mengadakan pertemuan darurat dengan kabinetnya untuk menyusun rencana penyelamatan di wilayah yang paling terkena dampak.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=7.8-magnitude earthquake kills hundreds in southern Turkey, Syria |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/02/05/turkey-earthquake-istanbul-death-toll/ |access-date=6 February 2023 |website=Washington Post |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206030646/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/02/05/turkey-earthquake-istanbul-death-toll/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Baris 537 ⟶ 542:
==== Negara ====
Para pemimpin dari banyak negara menyampaikan belasungkawa. Lebih dari 60 negara menawarkan dukungan praktis dan bantuan kemanusiaan.<ref name="AP-live-updates" /> [[Britania Raya]],<ref name="UK AID">{{Cite news |date=6 February 2023 |title=UK Sending 76 Search-and-rescue Specialists To Turkey |publisher=Barron's |agency=Agence France-Presse |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/uk-sending-76-search-and-rescue-specialists-to-turkey-01675689909?refsec=topics_afp-news |access-date=6 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209011112/https://www.barrons.com/news/uk-sending-76-search-and-rescue-specialists-to-turkey-01675689909?refsec=topics_afp-news |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Presiden [[Joko Widodo]] telah menginstruksikan kementerian pemerintah untuk mengirimkan bantuan kemanusiaan ke Turkiye untuk membantu para korban gempa. “Bantuan tersebut saat ini sedang disiapkan oleh [[Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia|Kementerian Luar Negeri]], [[Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia|Kementerian Pertahanan]], dan [[Kementerian Sosial Republik Indonesia|Kementerian Sosial]]. Sedang disiapkan dan akan dikirim secepatnya,” kata Presiden dalam jumpa pers yang digelar di [[Istana Merdeka]], [[Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta|Jakarta]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pandu AJ |first=Rangga |last2=Ihsan |first2=Nabil |date=7 February 2023 |title=Indonesia prepares humanitarian aid for Turkiye |url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/272046/indonesia-prepares-humanitarian-aid-for-turkiye |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Antara News |archive-date=2023-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316020657/https://en.antaranews.com/news/272046/indonesia-prepares-humanitarian-aid-for-turkiye |dead-url=no }}</ref>
{{multiple image |direction=vertical
|width1 =
|width2 = 200 |image2 = Turkey Earthquake IAF airlifting NDRF team ambulance.jpg |caption2= [[Angkatan Udara India]] menerbangkan
[[India]] mengirimkan tim Pasukan Tanggap Bencana Nasional (NDRF) ke Turki bersama dengan tim medis [[Angkatan Darat India]], yang terdiri dari 99 anggota dari 60 [[Resimen Parasut (India)|Para]] Field Hospital yang berbasis di [[Agra]]. Tim medis terdiri dari tim spesialis perawatan kritis, termasuk tim [[bedah ortopedi]] dan tim spesialis bedah umum. Pesawat Angkatan Udara India pertama yang membawa bahan bantuan bencana dan tim penyelamat mencapai Adana. India akan mengirim dua pesawat [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III|C-17]] lagi dengan Bantuan Kemanusiaan dan Bantuan Bencana (HADR) ke Turki. Tim NDRF pertama terdiri dari 50 personel dan regu anjing terlatih khusus bersama dengan peralatan yang diperlukan, termasuk obat-obatan, mesin bor, dan peralatan lain yang diperlukan untuk upaya bantuan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Modi Gets Emotional On Turkey Devastation, Recalls 2001 Gujarat Earthquake |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/turkey-earthquake-pm-modi-gets-emotional-on-turkey-devastation-recalls-2001-gujarat-earthquake-3760167 |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207161259/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/turkey-earthquake-pm-modi-gets-emotional-on-turkey-devastation-recalls-2001-gujarat-earthquake-3760167 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
[[Azerbaijan]] mengirim tim pencarian dan penyelamatan yang terdiri dari 370 orang ke Turki. Kementerian juga mengirim pesawat lain yang membawa kotak P3K, tenda, tempat tidur, obat-obatan, dan peralatan lain yang diperlukan untuk membantu mereka yang terkena dampak.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mammadli |first=Nargiz |date=6 February 2023 |title=Azerbaijan Sends Rescuers, Humanitarian Aid to Quake-Hit Türkiye |url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/azerbaijan-sends-rescuers-humanitarian-aid-to-quake-hit-turkiye-2023-2-6-0/ |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=caspiannews.com |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207151606/https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/azerbaijan-sends-rescuers-humanitarian-aid-to-quake-hit-turkiye-2023-2-6-0/ |dead-url=no }}</ref> [[Iran]] mengirimkan 45 ton obat-obatan, makanan, tenda, dan selimut ke Suriah pada 7 Februari.<ref name="al-Jazaeri1">{{cite news |last1=al-Jazaeri |first1=R. |date=7 February 2023 |title=Iranian plane carrying humanitarian aid arrives at Damascus Int'l Airport |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency |url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299283 |access-date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207074543/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299283 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Bassem Masour, kepala Otoritas Penerbangan Sipil Suriah, mengatakan lebih banyak bantuan kemanusiaan berdatangan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Faucon |first=Benoit |date=7 February 2023 |title=Iran Delivers Aid to Quake-Hit Syria |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/turkeyearthquake/card/iran-delivers-aid-to-quake-hit-syria-HluxDtiVyYRNDaVRJ6UG |access-date=7 February 2023 |website=The Wall Street Journal |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207171051/https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/turkeyearthquake/card/iran-delivers-aid-to-quake-hit-syria-HluxDtiVyYRNDaVRJ6UG |dead-url=no }}</ref> Dua pesawat dari [[Irak]] juga tiba di bandara untuk mengirimkan 70 ton bahan makanan, pasokan medis, selimut, dan pasokan bantuan lainnya.<ref name="al-Allouni1">{{cite news |last1=al-Allouni |first1=R. |last2=Zain |first2=H. |date=7 February 2023 |title=Two Iraqi planes loaded with humanitarian aid arrives at Damascus Airport |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency |url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299271 |access-date=7 February 2023 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207074547/https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=299271 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Baris 560 ⟶ 565:
Beberapa badan PBB mengumumkan tanggapan terkoordinasi terhadap bencana tersebut, termasuk [[Penilaian dan Koordinasi Bencana PBB|UNDAC]], [[Kantor Koordinasi Urusan Kemanusiaan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa|OCHA]], [[Komisioner Tinggi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa untuk Pengungsi|UNHCR]], [[Dana Anak-Anak Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa|UNICEF]] dan [[Organisasi Internasional untuk Migrasi|IOM]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=UN agencies launch emergency response after devastating Türkiye and Syria quake |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/02/1133177 |access-date=6 February 2023 |website=UN News |archive-date=2023-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206160350/https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/02/1133177 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Direktur Regional [[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]] (WHO) untuk Eropa, [[Hans Kluge]], mengatakan bahwa kantor regional organisasi tersebut membantu upaya internasional untuk mengangkut obat-obatan dan peralatan bantuan.<ref name="AP-live-updates" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-02-06 |title=Turkey earthquake: Death toll could increase eight-fold, WHO says |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64533851 |access-date=2023-02-07 |archive-date=2023-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206024704/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64533851 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
[[Dewan Turki|Organisasi Negara-negara Turki]] menyampaikan belasungkawa mereka melalui rilis di situs web mereka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Condolence Message of the OTS Secretary General over the devastating earthquake in Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye. {{!}} News |url=https://www.turkicstates.org/en/haberler/condolence-message-of-the-ots-secretary-general-over-the-devastating-earthquake-in-kahramanmaras-turkiye_2796 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207185214/https://www.turkicstates.org/en/haberler/condolence-message-of-the-ots-secretary-general-over-the-devastating-earthquake-in-kahramanmaras-turkiye_2796 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Ketua Komisi [[Uni Afrika]], [[Moussa Faki]], menyatakan belasungkawa kepada Turki dan Suriah.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2023 |title=African leaders send condolences to Turkey, Syria over devastating earthquake |url=http://www.africanews.com/amp/2023/02/07/african-leaders-express-condolences-to-turkey-syria-over-devastating-earthquake/ |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Africanews |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207192451/https://www.africanews.com/amp/2023/02/07/african-leaders-express-condolences-to-turkey-syria-over-devastating-earthquake/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
== Galeri ==
<gallery widths=190px heights=140px>
File:2023 Turkey Earthquake Damage 2.jpg|Bangunan hancur di Diyarbakır, Turki
File:2023 Turkey Earthquake Damage 3.jpg|Proses penyelamatan di [[Diyarbakır]]
File:P060238-898063.jpg|Bangunan di Buldozer Gaziantep, Turki
File:Emergency Service of Ukraine conducts search and rescue work in Hatay Province (2023-02-10) 03.jpg|Penyelamatan di Hatay, Turki
File:A damaged building in Antakya.jpg|Bangunan hancur di Antakya
File:Damage of the 2023 Gaziantep-Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Adıyaman 04.jpg|Kerusakan di Adıyaman
File:Damage of the 2023 Gaziantep-Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Adıyaman 09.jpg|Bangunan hancur di Adıyaman, Turki
File:2023 Gaziantep-Kahramanmaraş earthquakes Osmaniye 01.png|Bangunan hancur di Osmaniye, Turki
File:A damaged floor after 7,8 magnitude earthquake in Turkiye 2.jpg|Kerusakan pada struktur tanah di Adiyaman, Turki
File:Aerial View of the Hatay Province in Turkey (52698585301).jpg|Kehancuran di [[Hatay]]
File:Aerial View of Islahiye after the 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Turkey.jpg|Kota [[Gaziantep]] dari atas udara
File:City of Adıyaman after 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Türkiye 44.jpg|Reruntuhan pasca gempa di [[Adıyaman]]
</gallery>
== Catatan ==
{{Notelist}}
== Lihat juga ==
{{Portal|Turki}}
*[[Daftar gempa bumi tahun 2023]]
*[[Sabuk alpida]]
''' Gempa bumi di Turki lainnya '''
*[[Gempa bumi İzmit 1999]]
Baris 584 ⟶ 609:
{{Gempa bumi tahun 2023 |state=collapsed}}
[[Kategori:Gempa bumi tahun 2023|Turki–Suriah]]
[[Kategori:Gempa bumi di Turki|2023]]
|