Holomycota: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{
* Kingdom [[Fungi]]
** [[Aphelida]]
Baris 7:
* Fungida}}
'''Holomycota''' atau '''Nucletmycea''' adalah sebuah klad [[Opisthokonta]] dan takson saudari dari [[Holozoa]]. Klad ini mencakup [[Cristidiscoidea]] dan kingdom [[Fungi]]. Posisi dari [[nucleariida]], sejenis hewan [[amuba]] fagotrof unisel perenang bebas,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=López‐Escardó|first1=David|last2=López‐García|first2=Purificación|last3=Moreira|first3=David|last4=Ruiz‐Trillo|first4=Iñaki|last5=Torruella|first5=Guifré|date=2017-08-12|title=Parvularia atlantis gen. et sp. nov., a Nucleariid Filose Amoeba (Holomycota, Opisthokonta)|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=65|issue=2|pages=170–179|doi=10.1111/jeu.12450|issn=1550-7408|pmc=5708529|pmid=28741861}}</ref> sebagai garis keturunan yang paling awal bercabang dari Holomycota menyarankan bahwa hewan dan [[fungi]] secara independen mengembangkan multiselularitas kompleks dari sebuah leluhur bersama unisel, dan gaya hidup [[Osmotrofi|osmotrofik]] (salah satu ciri fungi) muncul belakangan pada saat berpisahnya garis keturunan eukaryota ini. [[Opisthosporidia]] adalah sebuah kelompok taksonomis yang belakangan ini diusulkan yang mencakup [[aphelida]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Karpov|first1=Sergey|last2=Mamkaeva|first2=Maria A.|last3=Aleoshin|first3=Vladimir|last4=Nassonova|first4=Elena|last5=Lilje|first5=Osu|last6=Gleason|first6=Frank H.|date=2014|title=Morphology, phylogeny, and ecology of the aphelids (Aphelidea, Opisthokonta) and proposal for the new superphylum Opisthosporidia|journal=Frontiers in Microbiology|volume=5|pages=112|doi=10.3389/fmicb.2014.00112|pmc=3975115|pmid=24734027|doi-access=free}}</ref>
== Filogeni ==
Pohon filogenetik menggambarkan fungi dan hubungan dekat mereka dengan organisme lain, berdasarkan karya Philippe Silar<ref name="Silar2016">{{cite book|vauthors=Silar P|year=2016|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01263138/document|title=Protistes Eukaryotes: Origine, Evolution et Biologie des Microbes Eucaryotes|publisher=HAL|isbn=978-2-9555841-0-1|page=462}}</ref> dan "The Mycota: A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research".<ref name="MycotaVIIS&E">{{cite book|vauthors=Esser K|year=2014|url=http://www.nhbs.com/title/199258/the-mycota-volume-7a-systematics-and-evolution|title=The Mycota VII A: Systematics and Evolution (2nd ed.)|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-642-55317-2|page=461}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bass|first1=David|last2=Czech|first2=Lucas|last3=Williams|first3=Bryony A. P.|last4=Berney|first4=Cédric|last5=Dunthorn|first5=Micah|last6=Mahé|first6=Frederic|last7=Torruella|first7=Guifré|last8=Stentiford|first8=Grant D.|last9=Williams|first9=Tom A.|date=2018-04-28|title=Clarifying the Relationships between Microsporidia and Cryptomycota|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|language=en|volume=65|issue=6|pages=773–782|doi=10.1111/jeu.12519|issn=1066-5234|pmc=6282948|pmid=29603494}}</ref> Pohon holomycota mengikuti Tedersoo et al.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tedersoo|first1=Leho|last2=Sánchez-Ramírez|first2=Santiago|last3=Kõljalg|first3=Urmas|last4=Bahram|first4=Mohammad|last5=Döring|first5=Markus|last6=Schigel|first6=Dmitry|last7=May|first7=Tom|last8=Ryberg|first8=Martin|last9=Abarenkov|first9=Kessy|date=2018|title=High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses|journal=Fungal Diversity|language=en|volume=90|issue=1|pages=135–159|doi=10.1007/s13225-018-0401-0|issn=1560-2745|doi-access=free|hdl=10138/238983|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lopez-Garcia|first1=Purificacion|last2=Volcker|first2=Eckhard|last3=Sebe-Pedros|first3=Arnau|last4=Burns|first4=John|last5=Karpov|first5=Sergey A.|last6=Moreira|first6=David|last7=Grau-Bove|first7=Xavier|last8=Torruella|first8=Guifre|date=2018-08-17|title=The aphelid-like phagotrophic origins of fungi|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/233882v3|journal=bioRxiv|language=en|pages=233882|doi=10.1101/233882|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Galindo|first=Luis Javier|last2=Torruella|first2=Guifré|last3=López-García|first3=Purificación|last4=Ciobanu|first4=Maria|last5=Gutiérrez-Preciado|first5=Ana|last6=Karpov|first6=Sergey A|last7=Moreira|first7=David|date=2022-07-28|title=Phylogenomics Supports the Monophyly of Aphelids and Fungi and Identifies New Molecular Synapomorphies|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syac054|journal=Systematic Biology}}</ref>
{{Clade|{{clade
|label1='''Holomycota'''
|1={{clade
|label1 = [[Cristidiscoidea]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Fonticulida]]
|2=[[Nucleariid]]a [[File:Nuclearia sp Nikko.jpg|60 px]]
}}
|label2=[[Fungi]]/
|sublabel2=[[Opisthosporidia]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[BCG2]]
|2={{clade
|label1=[[Phytophagea]]
|1={{clade
|2=[[Aphelida]]
|1=[[Eumycota (clade)|True Fungi]] [[File:Asco1013.jpg|60 px]]}}
|2={{clade
|1=[[BCG1]]
|label2=[[Rozellomyceta]]/
|sublabel2=[[Cryptomycota]]/[[Opisthophagea]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Rozella]] [[File:Rozella allomycis2.jpg|80 px]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Namako-37]]
|label2=[[Microsporidia]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Metchnikovellea]]
|2=[[Microsporea]] [[File:Fibrillanosema spore.jpg|60 px]]
}}
}}
}}
}}}}}}
}}
|label2 =[[Holozoa]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Ichthyosporea]] [[File:Abeoforma whisleri-2.jpg|50 px]]
|2={{clade
|label1=[[Pluriformea]]
|1={{clade
|1=[[Corallochytrium]] [[File:Corallochytrium limacisporum.png|60 px]]
|2=[[Syssomonas]]
}}
|label2 =[[Filozoa]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Filasterea]] [[File:Ministeria vibrans.jpeg|60 px]]
|label2=[[Choanozoa]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Choanoflagellatea]] [[File:Desmarella moniliformis.jpg|60 px]]
|2=[[Animal]]ia [[File:Comb jelly.jpg|45 px]]
}}
}}}}
}}}}|style=font-size:80%; line-height:80%|label1=[[Opisthokont]]s}}
== Referensi ==
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