Levotiroksin: Perbedaan antara revisi

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WanaraLima (bicara | kontrib)
Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman "User:Mr. Ibrahem/Levothyroxine"
Tag: halaman dengan galat kutipan Terjemahan Konten Terjemahan Konten v2
 
 
(4 revisi perantara oleh 2 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 7:
<!-- Legal data -->|legal_AU=<!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled-->|legal_CA=<!-- OTC, Rx-only, Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->|legal_UK=<!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, CD Lic, CD POM, CD No Reg POM, CD (Benz) POM, CD (Anab) POM or CD Inv POM / Class A, B, C -->|legal_US=Rx only|legal_status=<!--For countries not listed above-->|DailyMedID=Levothyroxine|licence_US=<!-- FDA may use generic name -->|licence_EU=yes
 
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->|bioavailability=40-80%<ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref>|protein_bound=|metabolism=mainly in liver, kidneys, brain and muscles|metabolites=|elimination_half-life=ca. 7 days (in hyperthyroidism 3–4&nbsp;days, in hypothyroidism 9–10&nbsp;days)|excretion=feces and urine
 
<!-- Chemical and physical data -->|C=15|H=11|I=4|N=1|O=4|chemical_formula=|smiles=NC(Cc1cc(I)c(Oc2cc(I)c(O)c(I)c2)c(I)c1)C(O)=O|StdInChI=1S/C15H11I4NO4/c16-8-4-7(5-9(17)13(8)21)24-14-10(18)1-6(2-11(14)19)3-12(20)15(22)23/h1-2,4-5,12,21H, 3,20H2, (H, 22,23)/t12-/m0/s1|StdInChI_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|StdInChIKey=XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-LBPRGKRZSA-N|molecular_weight=|density=|melting_point=231 to 233|melting_high=|melting_notes=<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Harington CR | title = Chemistry of Thyroxine: Constitution and Synthesis of Desiodo-Thyroxine | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 20 | issue = 2 | pages = 300–13 | year = 1926 | pmid = 16743659 | pmc = 1251714 | doi = 10.1042/bj0200300 }}</ref>|boiling_point=|boiling_notes=|solubility=Slightly soluble (0.105&nbsp;mg·mL<sup>−1</sup> at 25&nbsp;°C)<ref name="DrugBank">{{DrugBank|DB00451}}</ref>|specific_rotation=}}
 
'''Levotiroksin''' atau Levothyroxine, juga dikenal sebagai '''{{Small|L}} -tiroksin''', adalah bentuk produksi [[hormon tiroid]] tiroksin ( <sub>T4</sub> ). <ref name="AHFS2016">{{Citecite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> <ref name="King2010">{{Cite book|last=King|first=Tekoa L.|last2=Brucker|first2=Mary C.|date=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E9qVyrNPsBkC&pg=PA544|title=Pharmacology for Women's Health|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|isbn=9781449658007|page=544|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910234123/https://books.google.com/books?id=E9qVyrNPsBkC&pg=PA544|archive-date=10 September 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Obat ini digunakan untuk mengatasi
 
[[Hipotiroidisme]], dan juga untuk mengatasi koma myxedema . <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Levotiroksin juga digunakan untuk mengatasi dan juga untuk pencegahan beberapa jenis tumor tiroid . <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Obat ini tidak boleh diindikasikan atau untuk digunakan dalam menurunkan berat badan . <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Rute pemberian obat melalui oral atau melalui [[Infus|injeksi]] . <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Efek terapi maksimal dari dosis tertentu pada obat ini bisa membutuhkan waktu sampai 6 minggu untuk muncul. <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 
Kejadian efek samping dari penggunaan obat ini disebabkan oleh dosis yang berlebihan, efek samping yang bisa terjadi seperti penurunan berat badan, kesulitan menoleransi panas, berkeringat, muncul rasa gelisah, kesulitan tidur, [[tremor]], dan [[takikardia]] . <ref name="AHFS2016">{{Cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html "Levothyroxine Sodium"]. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html Archived] from the original on 21 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Penggunaan untuk orang yang baru mengalami serangan jantung obat ini tidak direkomendasikan untuk digunakan. <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Obat ini terbukti aman untuk digunakan selama [[kehamilan]]. <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Penggunaan obat ini direkomendasikan dosisnya untuk disesuaikan pada pengukuran rutin [[hormon perangsang tiroid]] (TSH) dan kadar <sub>T4</sub> di dalam aliran darah. <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sebagian besar efek levotiroksin terjadi pasca konversinya menjadi [[Triiodotironina|triiodothyronine]] ( <sub>T3</sub> ). <ref name="AHFS2016">{{cite web|title=Levothyroxine Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221013136/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/levothyroxine-sodium.html|archive-date=21 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 
Levotiroksin pertama kali dibuat di tahun 1927. <ref name="King2010">{{Cite book|last=King|first=Tekoa L.|last2=Brucker|first2=Mary C.|date=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E9qVyrNPsBkC&pg=PA544|title=Pharmacology for Women's Health|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|isbn=9781449658007|page=544|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910234123/https://books.google.com/books?id=E9qVyrNPsBkC&pg=PA544|archive-date=10 September 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKingBrucker2010">King, Tekoa L.; Brucker, Mary C. (2010). </cite></ref> Obat levotiroksi masuk kedalam [[Daftar Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]] .
 
== Referensi ==
 
[[Kategori:Obat Esensial Nasional Indonesia]]
[[Kategori:ObatAgonis reseptor hormon tiroid]]
[[Kategori:FarmasiObat yang dikembangkan oleh AbbVie]]
[[Kategori:Obat yang dikembangkan oleh Merck KGaA]]
[[Kategori:Obat yang dikembangkan oleh Pfizer]]
[[Kategori:Hormon kelenjar tiroid]]
[[Kategori:Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]]
[[Kategori:Hormon aksis HPT]]
[[Kategori:Turunan tirosin teriodinasi]]