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'''Azospirillum''' adalah [[Genus|marga]] [[bakteri]] dari [[Famili (biologi)|suku]] ''[[Rhodospirillaceae]]'' yang memiliki sifat-sifat tertentu, seperti [[Gramgram-negatif]], [[mikroaerofilik]], non-fermentatif, dan memiliki kemampuan untuk mengikat [[nitrogen]] dalam bentuk bebas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramesh|first=Reshma Devi|last2=Selvaraj|first2=Kalaiselvi|last3=Muthusamy|first3=Karnan|last4=Lakshmanan|first4=Leelavathi|last5=Pulikondan Francis|first5=Steffi|last6=Tharumasivam|first6=Siva Vijayakumar|last7=Selvakumar|first7=Vijayalakshmi|date=2023|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-91876-3.00014-2|title=Endurance of microbes against nitrogen starvation by altering the biochemical and physiological activities of plants|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-323-91876-3|pages=33–63}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Genus: Azospirillum|url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/azospirillum|website=lpsn.dsmz.de|language=en|access-date=2024-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Baldani|first=José Ivo|last2=Videira|first2=Sandy Sampaio|last3=dos Santos Teixeira|first3=Kátia Regina|last4=Reis|first4=Veronica Massena|last5=de Oliveira|first5=André Luiz Martinez|last6=Schwab|first6=Stefan|last7=de Souza|first7=Emanuel Maltempi|last8=Pedraza|first8=Raúl O.|last9=Baldani|first9=Vera Lúcia Divan|date=2014|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_300|title=The Family Rhodospirillaceae|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-642-30197-1|editor-last=Rosenberg|editor-first=Eugene|pages=533–618|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_300|editor-last2=DeLong|editor-first2=Edward F.|editor-last3=Lory|editor-first3=Stephen|editor-last4=Stackebrandt|editor-first4=Erko|editor-last5=Thompson|editor-first5=Fabiano}}</ref> Bakteri ini sering dimanfaatkan sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fukami|first=Josiane|last2=Cerezini|first2=Paula|last3=Hungria|first3=Mariangela|date=2018-05-04|title=Azospirillum: benefits that go far beyond biological nitrogen fixation|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-018-0608-1|journal=AMB Express|volume=8|issue=1|doi=10.1186/s13568-018-0608-1|issn=2191-0855}}</ref>▼
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▲Azospirillum adalah [[Genus|marga]] [[bakteri]] dari [[Famili (biologi)|suku]] Rhodospirillaceae yang memiliki sifat-sifat tertentu, seperti [[Gram-negatif]], mikroaerofilik, non-fermentatif, dan memiliki kemampuan untuk mengikat nitrogen dalam bentuk bebas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramesh|first=Reshma Devi|last2=Selvaraj|first2=Kalaiselvi|last3=Muthusamy|first3=Karnan|last4=Lakshmanan|first4=Leelavathi|last5=Pulikondan Francis|first5=Steffi|last6=Tharumasivam|first6=Siva Vijayakumar|last7=Selvakumar|first7=Vijayalakshmi|date=2023|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-91876-3.00014-2|title=Endurance of microbes against nitrogen starvation by altering the biochemical and physiological activities of plants|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-323-91876-3|pages=33–63}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Genus: Azospirillum|url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/azospirillum|website=lpsn.dsmz.de|language=en|access-date=2024-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Baldani|first=José Ivo|last2=Videira|first2=Sandy Sampaio|last3=dos Santos Teixeira|first3=Kátia Regina|last4=Reis|first4=Veronica Massena|last5=de Oliveira|first5=André Luiz Martinez|last6=Schwab|first6=Stefan|last7=de Souza|first7=Emanuel Maltempi|last8=Pedraza|first8=Raúl O.|last9=Baldani|first9=Vera Lúcia Divan|date=2014|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_300|title=The Family Rhodospirillaceae|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-642-30197-1|editor-last=Rosenberg|editor-first=Eugene|pages=533–618|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_300|editor-last2=DeLong|editor-first2=Edward F.|editor-last3=Lory|editor-first3=Stephen|editor-last4=Stackebrandt|editor-first4=Erko|editor-last5=Thompson|editor-first5=Fabiano}}</ref> Bakteri ini sering dimanfaatkan sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fukami|first=Josiane|last2=Cerezini|first2=Paula|last3=Hungria|first3=Mariangela|date=2018-05-04|title=Azospirillum: benefits that go far beyond biological nitrogen fixation|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-018-0608-1|journal=AMB Express|volume=8|issue=1|doi=10.1186/s13568-018-0608-1|issn=2191-0855}}</ref>
== Karakteristik ==
''Azospirillum'' adalah bakteri pengikat nitrogen bebas dan termasuk dalam subkelas ''α'' dari proteobacteria[[Proteobacteria]], berbentuk batang lonjong bulat, tidak memiliki spora dan memiliki [[flagela]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gamit|first=Harshida A.|last2=Amaresan|first2=Natarajan|date=2022|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1724-3_4|title=Isolation and Identification of Azospirillum|location=New York, NY|publisher=Springer US|isbn=978-1-0716-1724-3|editor-last=Amaresan|editor-first=Natarajan|series=Springer Protocols Handbooks|pages=35–40|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-1-0716-1724-3_4|editor-last2=Patel|editor-first2=Prittesh|editor-last3=Amin|editor-first3=Dhruti}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|date=2014|url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1|title=The Prokaryotes|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=978-3-642-30196-4|editor-last=Rosenberg|editor-first=Eugene|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1|editor-last2=DeLong|editor-first2=Edward F.|editor-last3=Lory|editor-first3=Stephen|editor-last4=Stackebrandt|editor-first4=Erko|editor-last5=Thompson|editor-first5=Fabiano}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Madigan|first=Michael T.|last2=Bender|first2=Kelly S.|last3=Buckley|first3=Daniel Hezekiah|last4=Sattley|first4=W. Matthew|last5=Stahl|first5=David Allan|date=2018|url=https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Brock_Biology_of_Microorganisms.html?id=2DQ3vgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y|title=Brock Biology of Microorganisms|publisher=Pearson|isbn=978-0-13-426192-8|language=en}}</ref> Koloni ''Azospirillum'' yang tumbuh pada media biakan berwarna putih hingga kuning, berbentuk bulat, dengan tepian rata dan bentuk permukaan rata, ''Azospirillum'' ltumbuhtumbuh optimal pada media yang mengandung [[asam malat]], [[asam suksinat]], atau [[asam piruvat]] untuk pertumbuhannya, dan kurang optimal pada medium yang mengandung glukosa dan asam sitrat, media yang umum digunakan untuk mengisolasi bakteri ini adalah media ''Nitrogen Free Bromothymol Blue'' (NFB).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lia|first=Novalia|last2=Nurtjahya|first2=Eddy|last3=Santi|first3=Ratna|last4=Sari|first4=Eka|date=2022-04-11|title=Karakter Bakteri Azotobacter dan Azospirillum dari Rizosfer Tanaman Lada di Lahan Bekas Tambang Timah|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v12i1.34960|journal=JURNAL BIOS LOGOS|volume=12|issue=1|pages=46|doi=10.35799/jbl.v12i1.34960|issn=2656-3282}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rafdinal|first=Kabul Santoso, Rahmawati,|date=2019-01-07|title=Eksplorasi Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen dari Tanah Hutan Mangrove Sungai Peniti, Kabupaten Mempawah|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/protobiont.v8i1.30855|journal=Jurnal Protobiont|volume=8|issue=1|doi=10.26418/protobiont.v8i1.30855|issn=2338-7874}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rusmana|first=Iman|last2=Hadijaya|first2=D. D.|date=1994|title=Aktivitas Nitrogenase azospirillum sp. dan Efektivitas aimbiotiknya dengan jagung|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Aktivitas-Nitrogenase-azospirillum-sp.-dan-dengan-Rusmana-Hadijaya/ce46413045119934b84c395944395dd7ae2d86d3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Erfin|first=Erfin|last2=Sandiah|first2=Natsir|last3=Malesi|first3=La|date=2016-05-10|title=IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI Azospirillum DAN Azotobacter PADA RHIZOSFER ASAL KOMBA-KOMBA (Chromolaena odorata)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v3i2.1684|journal=Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis|volume=3|issue=2|pages=30|doi=10.33772/jitro.v3i2.1684|issn=2406-9337}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ekowati|first=Cristina Nugroho|last2=Mirani|first2=Mica|last3=Handayani|first3=Kusuma|last4=Agustrina|first4=Rochmah|date=2021-12-30|title=DETECTION OF NITROGENASE PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM THE SOIL OF LIWA BOTANICAL GARDEN|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jbekh.v8i2.204|journal=Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati (J-BEKH)|volume=8|issue=2|pages=53–58|doi=10.23960/jbekh.v8i2.204|issn=2686-200X}}</ref>
