The Coral Island: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 17:
Salah satu novel [[Robinsonade]]{{Snd}} genre yang terinspirasi oleh ''[[Robinson Crusoe (novel)|Robinson Crusoe]]'' karya [[Daniel Defoe]]{{Snd}} yang terpopuler, buku ini pertama kali dijual pada akhir tahun 1857 dan masih bertahan di percetakan. Di antara tema yang menonjol dalam novelnya ialah efek memperadabkan dari kekristenan, [[imperialisme]] abad ke{{Nbh}}19 di Pasifik Selatan, dan pentingnya hierarki dan kepemimpinan. Buku ini menjadi inspirasi novel distopia ''[[Lord of the Flies]]''{{Nbsp}}(1954) karya [[William Golding]], yang membalikkan moralitas ''The Coral Island''; dalam kisah Ballantyne, anak-anak menemukan kejahatan, tetapi dalam ''Lord of the Flies'', kejahatan terdapat di dalam mereka.
Pada awal abad ke{{
== Latar belakang biografis dan penerbitan ==
Lahir di [[Edinburgh]] pada tahun 1825 dan dibesarkan di sana, Ballantyne adalah anak kesembilan dari sepuluh bersaudara dan putra bungsu. Ditutori oleh ibu dan saudari-saudarinya, Ballantyne hanya menuntut pendidikan formal selama periode singkat di [[
Ballantyne tidak pernah mengunjungi [[pulau koral]] di Pasifik Selatan, sehingga ia bergantung pada penuturan orang lain yang kala itu tengah bermunculan di Britania, kemudian ia lebih-lebihkan demi mencapai efek teatrikal dengan menyertakan "banyak kekerasan yang dimaksudkan untuk merangsang para pembaca remaja".{{Sfn|Burns|2009}} Ketidaktahuannya mengenai Pasifik Selatan menyebabkan Ballantyne salah menggambarkan [[kelapa]] sebagai buah yang lembut dan mudah terbuka; bersikeras akan ketepatan, ia memutuskan bahwa pada kemudian hari, jika memungkinkan, ia hanya akan menulis tentang perihal yang pernah ia alami sendiri.{{Sfn|Tucker|1990|pp=167–168}} Ballantyne menulis ''The Coral Island'' selagi tinggal di pesisir [[Burntisland]] di seberang [[Firth of Forth]].{{Sfn|Dutheil|2001|p=109}} Menurut pengarang biografi Ballantyne, [[Eric Quayle]], ia banyak meminjam dari novel tahun 1852 karya pengarang Amerika [[James F. Bowman]], ''The Island Home''.{{Sfn|Dutheil|2001|loc=hlm. 109, mengutip {{Harvnb|Quayle|1967|p=114}}}} Ia juga meminjam dari ''Narrative of Missionary Enterprises''{{Nbsp}}(1837) karya [[John Williams (misionaris)|John Williams]]. Sebegitu miripnya novel ini dengan buku Williams sampai-sampai sejarawan budaya [[Rod Edmond]] mengajukan bahwa Ballantyne menulis salah satu bab dalam ''The Coral Island'' dengan ''Narrative of Missionary Enterprises'' terbuka di depannya.{{Sfn|Edmond|1997|p=147}} Edmond menggambarkan novel ini sebagai "koktail buah dari tulisan lainnya mengenai Samudra Pasifik",{{Sfn|Edmond|1997|p=146}} menambahkan bahwa "menurut standar modern, plagiarisme Ballantyne dalam ''The Coral Island'' tergolong mencengangkan".{{Sfn|Edmond|1997|p=148}}
Baris 94:
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Baris 108:
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* {{Cite journal|last=Hannabuss|first=Stuart|date=1995|title=Moral Islands: A Study of Robert Michael Ballantyne, Writer for Children|journal=Scottish Literary Journal|language=en|volume=22|issue=2|pages=29–40|id={{ProQuest|2152196023}}|ref={{SfnRef|Hannabuss|1995}}}}
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Baris 124:
* {{Cite book|last=Mathison|first=Ymitri|date=2016|title=The Nineteenth-Century Child and Consumer Culture|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-0-7546-6156-6|editor-last=Denisoff|editor-first=Dennis|pages=173–185|language=en|chapter=Maps, Pirates and Treasure: The Commodification of Imperialism in Nineteenth-Century Boys' Adventure Fiction|ref={{SfnRef|Mathison|2016}}|orig-year=2008}}
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* {{Cite encyclopedia|last=Miller|first=John|date=25 Februari 2008|url=https://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=21018|title=Robert Michael Ballantyne, ''The Coral Island''|language=en|encyclopedia=The Literary Encyclopedia|url-access=subscription|ref={{SfnRef|Miller|2008a}}}}
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* {{Cite book|last=Quayle|first=Eric|date=1967|url=https://archive.org/details/ballantynebrave0000eric/|title=Ballantyne the Brave: A Victorian Writer and His Family|publisher=Rupert Hart-Davis|language=en|oclc=247988916|ref={{SfnRef|Quayle|1967}}}}
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