Demokrasi Islam: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Demokrasi}}
'''Demokrasi Islam''' adalah demokrasi ideologi politik yang berusaha menerapkan prinsip-prinsip [[Islam]] ke dalam [[kebijakan publik]] dalam kerangka [[demokrasi]]. Teori politik Islam menyebutkan tiga ciri dasar demokrasi Islam: pemimpin harus dipilih oleh rakyat, tunduk pada [[syariah]], dan berkomitmen untuk mempraktekkan "syura", sebuah bentuk konsultasi khusus yang dilakukan oleh
Konsep liberalisme dan partisipasi demokratis sudah ada di [[Zaman Kejayaan Islam|dunia Islam abad pertengahan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Weeramantry |first=Christopher G. |date=1997 |title=Justice Without Frontiers: Furthering Human Rights |publisher=Kluwer Law International |location=The Hague |pages=134–5 |isbn=90-411-0241-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sullivan |first=Antony T. |date=January–February 1997 |title=Istanbul Conference Traces Islamic Roots of Western Law, Society |url=http://www.wrmea.org/1997-january-february/istanbul-conference-traces-islamic-roots-of-western-law-society.html |journal=[[Washington Report on Middle East Affairs]] |page=36 |accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Goodman |first=Lenn Evan |date=2003 |title=Islamic Humanism |url=https://archive.org/details/islamichumanism0000good |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/islamichumanism0000good/page/155 155] |isbn=0-19-513580-6}}</ref> [[Kekhalifahan Rasyidin]] dianggap oleh para pendukungnya sebagai contoh awal sebuah negara demokratis dan diklaim bahwa perkembangan demokrasi di dunia Islam akhirnya terhenti setelah [[Hubungan Sunni-Syiah|perpecahan Sunni–Syiah]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=al-Hibri |first=Azizah Y. |title=Islamic and American Constitutional Law: Borrowing Possibilities or a History of Borrowing |journal=[[University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law]] |volume=1 |issue=3 |year=1998–1999 |pages=492–527 [507–25]}}</ref>
== Partai dan Organisasi Demokratis Islam ==
Berikut ini adalah daftar partai
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Baris 14:
|{{flag|Bahrain}}||{{hlist|[[Al Wifaq]] {{small|(''Syiah'')}}|[[Perkumpulan Islam Al-Minbar|Al Minbar]] {{small|(''Sunni'')}}<ref name="wikileaks">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/168471 Guide to Bahrain's politics] – 4 Sep 2008. [[J. Adam Ereli|Ambassador Ereli]], US Embassy, Bahrain/Wikileaks/''The Guardian''</ref>}}
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|{{flag|Bangladesh}}||[[Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh]]<ref name="The Tenacity of Hope">{{cite magazine |title=The Tenacity of Hope |url=http://www.economist.com/node/12855437 |magazine=The Economist |date=30 December 2008 |accessdate=25 October 2014 |quote=[The BNP] seems also to have been hurt by its alliance with Islamist parties, the largest of which, Jamaat-e-Islami, was reduced from 17 seats to just two.}}</ref><ref name="economist.com">{{cite magazine |title=Bangladesh and war crimes: Blighted at birth |url=http://www.economist.com/node/16485517?zid=309&ah=80dcf288b8561b012f603b9fd9577f0e |magazine=[[The Economist]] |date=1 July 2010 |quote=West [Pakistan]'s army had the support of many of East Pakistan's Islamist parties. They included Jamaat-e-Islami, still Bangladesh's largest Islamist party ... reinstating and enforcing that original constitution might amount to an outright ban on Jamaat, the standardbearer in Bangladesh for a conservative strain of Islam.}}</ref> {{small|(''Dilarang'')}}
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|{{flag|Mesir}}||{{hlist|[[Partai Kebebasan dan Keadilan]]|[[Ikhwanul Muslimin di Mesir]]|[[Partai Al-Nur]]|[[Partai Al-Wasath]]<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/22/world/middleeast/muslim-brotherhood-wins-47-of-egypt-assembly-seats.html Islamists Win 75% of Seats in the Egyptian Parliament] ''The New York Times''.</ref>}}▼
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▲|{{flag|Mesir}}||{{hlist|[[Partai Kebebasan dan Keadilan]] {{small|(''Dilarang'')}}|[[Ikhwanul Muslimin di Mesir]] {{small|(''Dilarang'')}}|[[Partai Al-Nur]]|[[Partai Al-Wasath]]<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/22/world/middleeast/muslim-brotherhood-wins-47-of-egypt-assembly-seats.html Islamists Win 75% of Seats in the Egyptian Parliament] ''The New York Times''.</ref>}}
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|{{flag|India}}||{{hlist|[[Jamaat-e-Islami India]]|[[Liga Persatuan Muslim India]]|[[Liga Nasional India]]|[[Konferensi Seluruh Partai Hurriyat|Konferensi Hurriyat]]|[[AIUDF]]|[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|AIMIM]]}}
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|{{flag|Indonesia}}||{{hlist
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|{{flag|Iran}}||{{hlist|[[Aliansi Pembangunan Islam Iran]]|[[Front Partisipasi Islam Iran]]}}
Baris 37 ⟶ 35:
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|{{flag|Malaysia}}||{{hlist|[[Partai Islam Se-Malaysia]]<ref name="pas.org.my">[http://pas.org.my/v2/kertaskerja/AGS_Penjenamaan_Islam2.pdf ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311001332/http://pas.org.my/v2/kertaskerja/AGS_Penjenamaan_Islam2.pdf |date=March 11, 2012 }}</ref>|[[UMNO|Organisasi Nasional Melayu Bersatu]]<ref name="umno-online.com">UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Goal 3.5. From:{{cite web|url=http://umno-online.com/?page_id%3D2787 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-01-05 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229132114/http://umno-online.com/?page_id=2787 |archivedate=2012-02-29 |df= }}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/>}}[[Partai Amanah Negara (Malaysia)|Partai Amanah Negara]]
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|{{flag|Maladewa}}||{{hlist|[[Partai Demokratis Islam (Maladewa)|Partai Demokratis Islam]]|[[Partai Adhaalath]]}}
Baris 66 ⟶ 64:
|{{flag|Somalia}}||[[Partai Perdamaian dan Pembangunan]]
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|{{flag|Suriah}}||[[Ikhwanul Muslimin di Suriah]]<ref name=wp05122012>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/syrias-muslim-brotherhood-is-gaining-influence-over-anti-assad-revolt/2012/05/12/gIQAtIoJLU_story.html Syria’s Muslim Brotherhood is gaining influence over anti-Assad revolt] By Liz Sly, [[Washington Post]] 12 May 2012</ref><ref name=reuters>Khaled Yacoub Oweis [http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/06/us-syria-brotherhood-idUSBRE84504R20120506 "Syria's Muslim Brotherhood rise from the ashes,"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015235535/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/06/us-syria-brotherhood-idUSBRE84504R20120506 |date=2015-10-15 }} Reuters (6 May 2012).</ref><ref name=ikhwanweb>[http://ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=29851 "Syria Muslim Brotherhood Issues Post-Assad State-for-All Commitment Charter,"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117043505/http://ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=29851 |date=January 17, 2013 }} ikhwanweb.com (The Muslim Brotherhood’s Official English web site) (7 April 2012).</ref> {{small|(''Dilarang'')}}
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|{{flag|Turki}}||{{hlist|[[Partai Bahagia]]|[[Partai Penyeru Kebebasan]]|[[Partai Keadilan dan Pembangunan]]<ref>{{cite web|title=AKP explains charter changes, slams foreign descriptions|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=akp-explains-charter-changes-slams-foreign-descriptions-2010-03-28|work=Hürriyet Daily News|accessdate=21 July 2014|location=Istanbul|date=2010-03-28|quote="In the Western press, when the AK Party administration, the ruling party of the Turkish Republic, is being named, unfortunately most of the time 'Islamic,' 'Islamist,' 'mildly Islamist,' 'Islamic-oriented,' 'Islamic-leaning,' 'Islamic-based' or 'with an Islamic agenda,' and similar language is being used. These characterizations do not reflect the truth, and they sadden us," Çelik said. "Yes, the AK Party is a conservative democratic party. The AK Party's conservatism is limited to moral and social issues."}}</ref>}}
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