Baudouin dari Belgia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 4:
| image = King Baudouin of Belgium.jpg
| caption = Raja Baudouin pada tahun 1960
| reign = 17 Juli 1951 – 31 Juli 1993<br>({{age in years and days|1951|07|17|1993|07|31}})
| predecessor = [[Leopold III dari Belgia|Leopold III]]
| successor = [[Albert II dari Belgia|Albert II]]
Baris 70:
Pada tahun 2001, penyelidikan parlemen yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah Belgia menyimpulkan bahwa Raja Baudouin, antara lain, diberitahu tentang skema pembunuhan yang dikembangkan oleh diktator berikutnya Joseph [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] dan pemberontak Katangese [[Moise Tshombé]]. Kedua pria itu berkonspirasi dengan seorang kolonel Belgia, Guy Weber, untuk "menetralisir Lumumba, jika memungkinkan secara fisik." Raja diberitahu tentang rencana pembunuhan itu, tetapi tidak melakukan apa pun untuk menentang pembunuhan itu. Kurangnya intervensi yang dilakukannya digambarkan sebagai sesuatu yang “memberatkan” oleh penyelidikan parlemen, meskipun tidak ditemukan bukti konklusif yang menyatakan bahwa raja memerintahkan rincian rencana tersebut.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
==
[[File:Koning Boudewijnstandbeeld, Aalst.jpg|thumb|Patung Raja Baudouin di kota [[Aalst, Belgia|Aalst]]]]
Baudouin berkuasa selama 42 tahun. Ia meninggal karena serangan jantung pada tanggal 31 Juli 1993, saat berlibur di Villa Astrida di [[Motril]], di selatan Spanyol.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/751619649/|title = King of Belgium dies in Spain|last = Purnell|first = Sonia|newspaper = [[The Sunday Telegraph]]|date = 1 August 1993|accessdate = 7 November 2023|page = 1|url-access = subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Lyons |first1=Richard D. |title=Baudouin I, King of Belgium, Dies at 62 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/01/obituaries/baudouin-i-king-of-belgium-dies-at-62.html |access-date=27 July 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=1 August 1993}}</ref> Meskipun pada bulan Maret 1992 raja telah dioperasi karena [[prolaps katup mitral]] di Paris, kematiannya datang secara tak terduga, dan membuat sebagian besar Belgia berduka cita yang mendalam. Kematiannya secara khusus menghentikan perlombaan mobil sport [[24 Hours of Spa]] tahun 1993, yang telah mencapai batas waktu 15 jam ketika berita tersebut tersiar.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}
Dalam hitungan jam, gerbang dan halaman Istana Kerajaan dipenuhi bunga-bunga yang dibawa secara spontan oleh masyarakat. Upacara penghormatan terakhir diadakan di Istana Kerajaan di pusat kota Brussels; 500.000 orang (5% dari populasi) datang untuk memberikan penghormatan terakhir. Banyak orang yang mengantre hingga 14 jam di tengah terik matahari untuk melihat Raja mereka untuk terakhir kalinya. Semua raja Eropa menghadiri upacara pemakaman, termasuk Ratu [[Elizabeth II]] dari Britania Raya dan negara-negara Persemakmuran lainnya (satu-satunya pemakaman kenegaraan asing yang pernah dihadiri olehnya secara langsung sebagai ratu), seperti yang dilakukan Kaisar [[Akihito]] dari [[Jepang]]. Tamu non-kerajaan yang hadir di pemakaman tersebut termasuk lebih dari 20 presiden dan pemimpin, seperti Sekretaris Jenderal PBB [[Boutros Boutros-Ghali]], [[Presiden Komisi Eropa|Komisi Eropa]] Presiden [[Jacques Delors]], Presiden Prancis [[François Mitterrand]], Presiden Mesir [[Hosni Mubarak]], Presiden Jerman [[Richard von Weizsacker]], Presiden Polandia [[Lech Walesa]], Presiden Bosnia [[Alija Izetbegovic]], Presiden Italia [[Oscar Luigi Scalfaro]], Gubernur Jenderal Kanada [[Ray Hnatyshyn]] dan mantan Presiden Amerika [[Gerald Ford]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}
Raja Baudouin dimakamkan di makam kerajaan di [[Gereja Our Lady of Laeken]] di Brussels. Ia digantikan oleh adiknya, yang menjadi Raja Albert II.
==Kehormatan==
=== Medali Belgia ===
[[File:Royal Monogram of King Baudouin I, King of the Belgians.svg|thumb|100px|Monogram Kerajaan Raja Baudouin I, Raja Belgia]]
* [[File:BEL - Order of Leopold - Grand Cordon bar.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cordon in the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2023 |title=Z.M. BOUDEWIJN |url=http://www.ars-moriendi.be/BOUDEWIJN.HTM |website=moriendi.be |language=nl |access-date=1 August 2023 |archive-date=19 September 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919101650/http://www.ars-moriendi.be/BOUDEWIJN.HTM |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[File:BEL Order of the African Star - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the African Star]]
* [[File:BEL Royal Order of the Lion - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Royal Order of the Lion]]
* [[File:BEL Kroonorde Grootkruis BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Crown (Belgium)|Order of the Crown]]
* [[File:BEL Order of Leopold II - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of Leopold II]]
=== Medali Eropa lainnya ===
* [[File:AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 1st Class BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Star in the [[Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria|Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria]]
* [[File:DE-BY Der Bayerische Verdienstorden BAR.png|40x40px]] Recipient of the [[Bavarian Order of Merit]] (Jerman Barat)
* [[File:GER Bundesverdienstkreuz 9 Sond des Grosskreuzes.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross Special Class of the [[Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]] (Jerman Barat)
* [[File:Order of the Elephant Ribbon bar.svg|40x40px]] Knight in the [[Order of the Elephant]] (Denmark)
* [[File:FIN Order of the White Rose Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the White Rose of Finland]]
* [[File:Legion Honneur GC ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Legion of Honour]] (Prancis)
* [[File:GRE Order Redeemer 1Class.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Redeemer]] (Yunani)
* [[File:ISL Icelandic Order of the Falcon - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Falcon]] (Islandia)
* [[File:Cordone di gran Croce OMRI BAR.svg|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cross in the [[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]] (Italia)
* [[File:Order of the Golden Lion of Nassau Ribbon bar.svg|40x40px]] Knight of the Order of the Golden Lion of Nassau (Luksemburg)
* [[File:MCO Order of Saint-Charles - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cross in the [[Order of Saint-Charles]] (Monako)
* [[File:Order of the Netherlands Lion ribbon - Knight Grand Cross.svg|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Netherlands Lion]] (Belanda)
* [[File:St Olavs Orden storkors stripe.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of St. Olav]] (Norwegia)
* [[File:PRT Order of Prince Henry - Grand Collar BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Collar in the [[Order of Prince Henry]] (Portugal)
* [[File:PRT Military Order of Aviz - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Military Order of Aviz]] (Portugal)
* [[File:ESP Order of Santiago BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of Santiago]] (Portugal)
* [[File:PRT Order of Christ - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Military Order of Christ]] (Portugal)
* [[File:PRT Three Orders BAR.svg|40x40px]] [[Sash of the Three Orders]] (Portugal)
* [[File:Star of Romania Order Communist Republic.png|40x40px]] Member 1st Class in the Order of the Star of the Socialist Republic of Romania
* [[File:SMR Order of Saint Marinus - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of San Marino]]
* [[File:Order of the Golden Fleece ribbon bar.svg|40x40px]] Knight in the [[Order of the Golden Fleece]] (Spanyol)
* [[File:Order of Charles III - Sash of Collar.svg|40x40px]] Knight of the Collar in the [[Order of Charles III]] (Spanyol)
* [[File:Order of Isabella the Catholic - Sash of Collar.svg|40x40px]] Knight of the Collar in the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]] (Spanyol)
* [[File:Order of the Seraphim - Ribbon bar.svg|40x40px]] Knight in the [[Order of the Seraphim]] (Swedia)
* [[File:Order of the Garter UK ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Stranger Knight Companion of the [[Order of the Garter]] (Britania Raya)
* [[File:Order of the Yugoslavian Great Star Rib.png|40x40px]] Great Star of the [[Order of the Yugoslav Star|Order of the Yugoslavian Star]] (Yugoslavia)<ref>{{Cite journal |date=7 October 1970 |title=Izmjenjena odlikovanja na intimnom ručku |url=https://arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr/pvpages/pvpages/viewPage/?pv_page_id=101328&pv_issue_no=701007_A |journal=Slobodna Dalmacija |issue=7959 |pages=12}}</ref>
=== Medali Amerika Latin ===
* [[File:ARG Order of the Liberator San Martin - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Liberator General San Martín]] (Argentina)
* [[File:BRA - Order of the Southern Cross - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Southern Cross]] (Brasil)
* [[File:CHL Order of Merit of Chile - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Collar of the [[Order of Merit (Chile)|Order of Merit]] (Chili)
* [[File:COL Order of Boyaca - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Extraordinary Grand Cross in the [[Order of Boyacá]] (Kolombia)
* [[File:MEX Orden del Aguila Azteca 2011 Collar BAR.svg|40x40px]] Collar in the [[Order of the Aztec Eagle]] (Meksiko)
* [[File:NI Ribbon bar of the Grand Cross of the Order of Rubén Dario.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross of the Order of Rubén Dario (Nikaragua)
* [[File:PER Order of the Sun of Peru - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross with Diamonds of the [[Order of the Sun of Peru]]
* [[File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Grand Cordon BAR.png|40x40px]] Collar in the [[Order of the Liberator]] (Venezuela)
=== Medali Afrika ===
* [[File:BRA - Order of the Southern Cross - Grand Cross BAR.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Karyenda (Burundi)
* [[File:Ordre du Merite Camerounais (after 1972) 1 class ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of Merit (Cameroon)]]
* [[File:Order of Merit - Grand Cross (Central African Republic).png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of Central African Merit]]
* [[File:Order of the Green Crescent of Comoros - ribbon bar.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the Order of the Green Crescent of Comoros
* [[File:Ribbon bar of the National Order of the Leopard (Zaire).svg|40x40px]] Grand Cordon in the [[National Order of the Leopard]] (Kongo)
* [[File:ETH Order of Solomon BAR.png|40x40px]] Collar in the [[Order of the Seal of Solomon]] (Ethiopia)
* [[File:GAB Order of the Equatorial Star - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross of the [[Order of the Equatorial Star]] (Gabon)
* [[File:Cote d'Ivoire Ordre national GC ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Crand Cross of the [[National Order of the Ivory Coast]]
* [[File:Order of the Pioneers of Liberia - ribbon bar.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross of the [[Order of the Pioneers of Liberia]]
* [[File:MAR Order of the Throne - Special Class BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cordon of the [[Order of the Throne]] (Maroko)
* [[File:Ribbon bar of the Order of the Niger.gif|40x40px]] Grand Commander of the [[Order of the Niger]]
* [[File:National Order (Rwanda) - ribbon bar.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the National Order (Rwanda)
* [[File:D-HAN-B-Order-Ernest-August_BAR.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of the Lion of Rwanda|Order of the Lion]] (Rwanda)<ref>"It was created as a Royal State Order of the Kingdom of Rwanda, registered with the Vatican State in 1947 (through the Foreign Missions Office in Paris), and it has been awarded to such distinguished international figures as H.H. Pope Pius XII (1950), H.I.M. Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia (1957), H.M. King Baudouin of Belgium (1955), and H.G. Don Francisco Borbon y Escasany, 5th Duke of Seville and Grandee of Spain (2005), among others". [https://royalhouseofrwanda.org/royal-order-of-the-lion-of-rwanda Royal House of Rwanda - Order of the Lion]
</ref>
* [[File:SEN Order of the Lion - Grand Cross BAR.png|40x40px]] Crand Cross of the National Order of Senegal
* [[File:Ord.indipendence.Tunis.png|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the Order of the Independence (Tunisia)
* [[File:Haute-Volta Ordre national voltaique GC ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the Nationale Order (Upper-Volta)
=== Medali Asia dan Timur Tengah ===
* [[File:KHM Ordre Royal du Cambodge - Grand Croix BAR.svg|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cross of the [[Royal Order of Cambodia]]
* [[File:Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna Ribbon.png|40x40px]] Badge of honour of the [[Star of the Republic of Indonesia|Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna]]
* [[File:Order of Pahlavi Ribbon Bar - Imperial Iran.svg|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of Pahlavi]] (Iran)
* [[File:25th Centennial Anniversary Medal Ribbon Bar - Imperial Iran.svg|40x40px]] [[2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire|25th Centennial Anniversary Medal Ribbon]] (Iran)
* [[File:JPN Daikun'i kikkasho BAR.svg|40x40px]] Collar in the [[Order of the Chrysanthemum]] (Jepang)
* [[File:Grand Order of Mugunghwa (South Korea) - ribbon bar.svg|40x40px]] Recipient of the [[Grand Order of Mugunghwa]] (Korea Selatan)
* [[File:Lebanese Order of Merit Extraordinary Grade.gif|40x40px]] Grand Cross in the [[Order of Merit (Lebanon)]]
* [[File:Order of King Abdul Aziz al Saud (3rd Class).png|40x40px]] Collar of the [[Order of King Abdulaziz]] (Arab Saudi)
* [[File:Order of the Royal House of Chakri (Thailand) ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Knight of the [[Order of the Royal House of Chakri]] (Thailand)
* [[File:Order of Chula Chom Klao - Special Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cordon in the [[Order of Chula Chom Klao]] (Thailand)
=== Kehormatan Agama ===
Baudouin yang Katolik dan sangat saleh telah dianugerahi beberapa penghargaan khusus yang terkait dengan keyakinannya itu.
* [[File:MaltaBali.png|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the [[Sovereign Military Order of Malta]]
* [[File:Royal Order of Karyenda.gif|40x40px]] Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of the Holy Sepulchre]] (Takhta Suci)
* [[File:Ordine Supremo del Cristo Rib.png|40x40px]] Knight of the [[Supreme Order of Christ]] (Takhta Suci)
* [[File:Order of the Most Holy Annunciation BAR.svg|40x40px]] Knight of the [[Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation]] (Wangsa Savoy)
== Referensi ==
Baris 101 ⟶ 187:
[[Kategori:Raja Belgia]]
[[Kategori:Penerima Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna]]
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