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Daftar Khalifah Abbasiyah: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Khalifah Abbasiyah''' adalah pemangku gelar [[Khilafah|khalifah]] [[Islam]] dari Dinasti Abbasiyah, yang merupakan keturunan [[Suku Quraisy]] dari jalur [[Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib]], yang tidak lain adalah paman [[Muhammad|Nabi Muhammad saw]].
 
Baris 380 ⟶ 378:
* Lubaba, dari Slavia (selir)
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* Menggantikan ayahnya, dan dikenal sebagai salah satu khalifah akhir yang terkenal; dia juga dikenal sebagai penyair.
* He succeeded his father as Caliph. He was a notable Caliph of Later Abbasid Era and he was also an Arabic poet.
* Al-Mustarshid deposedmemecat and imprisoned his vizierwakilnya Amid al-dawlaDawla Jalal al-Din Hasan ibn Ali.; Onesetahun yearkemudian laterjuga hememecat alsowazirnya deposed [[Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk]] as his vizier.
* FoundationPada ofmasa thepemerintahannya, [[AlmohadDinasti Caliphate|Almohad Empire]] inlahir thedi [[Maghreb]] (1121). The Almohads were anti-Abbasids.
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|30
Baris 392 ⟶ 390:
* Khushf, dari Irak (selir)
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* Menggantikan ayahnya sebagai khalifah.
* Nominated heir by his father, After the assassination of his father he succeeded him.
* Al-Rashid Billah was deposed by seljuks and heDigulingkan fledSultan toSeljuk [[IsfahanGhiyath (city)ad-Din Mas'ud|IsfahanGhiyats Mas'ud]] wheredan hemelarikan wasdiri assassinatedke byIsfahan, akemudian teamterbunuh of four Shia [[Order of Assassins|Nizari Ismailis (Assassins)]] inpada Juni 1138. Thisoleh was celebrated in [[Alamut Castle|Alamut]]asasin fordari aSyiah weekNizariah.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Daftary |first1=Farhad |title=The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines |date=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-42974-0 |page=384 |language=en}}</ref>▼
* Deposed by the Seljuk Sultan [[Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud]].
▲* Al-Rashid Billah was deposed by seljuks and he fled to [[Isfahan (city)|Isfahan]] where he was assassinated by a team of four Shia [[Order of Assassins|Nizari Ismailis (Assassins)]] in Juni 1138. This was celebrated in [[Alamut Castle|Alamut]] for a week.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Daftary |first1=Farhad |title=The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines |date=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-42974-0 |page=384 |language=en}}</ref>
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Baris 404 ⟶ 401:
* Ashin, orang Syria (selir)
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* Paman dari [[Ar-Rasyid|Al-Rāsyid]], untuk sementara berhasil menggalang pasukan di era akhir Abasiyah setelah sebelumnya bertumpu pada Seljuq.
* He was the brother of caliph [[Al-Mustarshid]] and uncle of [[Al-Rashid Billah]].
* [[Siege of Baghdad (1157)]] oleh Seljuq gagal dan mengembalikan peran politik dan militer Abasiyah.
* Al-Muqtafi successfully established an army during the later Abbasid era. (Previously Caliphs were militarily dependent on [[Seljuk dynasty|Seljuks]].
* [[Siege of Baghdad (1157)]] by the Seljuks fails. Restoration of the Caliph's political and military influence of Later Abbasids.
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Baris 416 ⟶ 412:
* Thawus (selir)
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* HeMenggantikan succeeded his fatherayahnya, Al-Muqtafi.
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|33
Baris 426 ⟶ 422:
* Ghadha, dari Armenia (selir)
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* Hidup dari membuat selimut yang diberi emblem namanya, yang dijual oleh pembantunya di pasar.
* Al-Mustadi succeeded his father Caliph Al-Mustanjid.
* Otoritasnya sebagai pemimpin politik dan agama diakui di seluruh Timur Tengah
* He enjoys nothing but what he earns by the labor of his own hands, and therefore manufactures coverlets, which he stamps with his seal, and which his officers sell in the public market.
* [[Salahuddin Ayyubi]] mengakui kekuasaanya; dan Khalifah Al-Mustadi memberinya gelar "sultan" serta wewenang mengurus 3 kota suci, yakni [[Makkah]], [[Madinah]] dan [[Yerusalem]].
* His political and religious authority was recognized throughout Middle East especially by Saladin ruler of Egypt. Caliph Al-Mustadi granted Saladin the title Sultan. Also gave him authority over holy cities; [[Mecca]], [[Medina]] and [[Jerusalem]].
* EndDinasti ofFatimiyah thedi [[FatimidMesir Caliphate]]berakhir intahun 1171, restoration of Abbasid authority in Egypt underdigantikan [[Salahuddin Ayyubi]].
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|34
Baris 439 ⟶ 435:
* [[Sayyida Zumurrud Khatun|Sayyida Zumurrud]]
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* [[SiegePengepungan of JerusalemYerusalem (1187)|RecoveryPengepungan of JerusalemYerusalem]] from the Crusaders (1187) byoleh [[Salahuddin Ayyubi]].
* Khalifah Abbasiyah terakhir yang memiliki otoritas kuat.
* Al-Nasir was the influential Caliph of the Later Abbasid era.
* According to historian Angelika Hartmann, Al-Nasir was the last effective Abbasid caliph<ref>{{cite book |first=Eric J. |last=Hanne |title=Putting the Caliph in His Place: Power, Authority, and the Late Abbasid Caliphate |publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson University Press |year=2007 |page=204 |isbn=978-0-8386-4113-2 }}</ref> of Later Abbasid Caliphate.
* His political and religious authority was recognized throughout [[Middle East]] especially in territory of [[Ayyubid dynasty]] of [[Salahuddin Ayyubi]].
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|35
Baris 452 ⟶ 446:
* ''Asma''
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* Meninggal pada 10 Juli 1226, hanya sembilan bulan setelah naik tahta.
* He was nominated as heir in 1189. He succeeded his father.
* Mongol mulai muncul di bagian timur Dunia Islam; dan dalam masa pemerintahannya yang singkat, ia menurunkan pajak dan membangun pasukan untuk bersiap melawan invasi Mongol.
* In his short reign, he lowered the taxes, and built a strong army to resist invasions. He died on 10 Juli 1226, nine months after his accession.
* During his short reign he saw disastrous Mongol Invasion in parts of Eastern Islamic World.
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|36
Baris 464 ⟶ 457:
* Zahra, orang Turkik (selir)
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* Dalam masa pemerintahannya, Dunia Islam Timur diserbu oleh bangsa Mongol. Kota-kota besar seperti Bukhara, Samarkand dihancurkan.
* He succeeded his father caliph Al-Zahir.
* Al-Mustansir was the penultimate Caliph of the later Abbasid era.
* During his reign Eastern Islamic World was invaded by Mongols. The great cities like [[Bukhara]], [[Samarkand]] were destroyed and millions of Muslims were killed.
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|37
Baris 476 ⟶ 467:
* Hajer, dari Abisinia (selir)
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* Memerintah selama 15 tahun, 2 bulan, dan 15 hari, dan menjadi khalifah terakhir Abbasiyah.
* Last Abbasid caliph of Later Abbasid Era
* Meninggal dengan cara dieksekusi oleh tentara Mongol pasca [[Pengepungan Bagdad|Pengepungan Bagdad pada 1258]].
* End of the [[Abbasid dynasty]]. Al-Musta'sim was the last known recognised Muslim caliph. His death marked the complete end of the Caliphate as a political and religious entity in the Middle East.
* Executed after the [[Siege of Baghdad (1258)|Mongol sack of Baghdad]], he ruled for a period of 15 years 2 months and 15 days.
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Baris 502 ⟶ 492:
* Ummu Ahmad (selir)
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* Pendiri Kekhalifahan MamlukAbbasiyah di Kairo di bawah naungan penguasa Kesultanan Mamluk [[Baibars]].
* Diangkat sebagai Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo, Mesir oleh Sultan Mamluk Baibars pada tahun 1261; gelar yang sama diklaim oleh al-Hakim I yang diangkat sebagai khalifah oleh penguasa Aleppo, Aqqush al-Burli.▼
* Pada tahun 1261, Dinasti Abbasiyah Akhir digantikan oleh Khalifah Kesultanan Mamluk di Kairo.
▲* Diangkat sebagai Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo, Mesir oleh Sultan Mamluk Baibars pada tahun 1261; gelar yang sama diklaim oleh al-Hakim I yang diangkat sebagai khalifah oleh penguasa Aleppo, Aqqush al-Burli.
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|2
Baris 513 ⟶ 502:
* Abu Ali Hasan bin Abu Bakr bin Hasan
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* Pendiri Kekhalifahan Mamluk di bawah penguasa Mamluk dengan bantuan [[Baibar]].
* Keturunan Abbasiyah diperdebatkan; diangkat sebagai khalifah oleh penguasa Aleppo, [[Aqqush al-Burli]], pada 1261, diproklamasikan sebagai khalifah oleh [[Baibar]] setelah kematian [[Al-Mustanshir II|al-Mustansir II]].
* JatuhnyaDi KhilafahAndalusia, Dinasti Muwahhidun jatuh pada 1269.
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|3
Baris 524 ⟶ 512:
* [[Al-Hakim I (Kairo)|Al-Hakim I]]
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* Menggantikan ayahnya dan menjadi Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his father as the third caliph for the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]
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|4
Baris 533 ⟶ 521:
* Ahmad ibn al-Hakim, (putra [[Al-Hakim I (Kairo)|Al-Hakim I]])
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* HeCucu was a grandson ofdari [[Al-Hakim I (Kairo)|Al-Hakim I]], menggantikan pamannya dan menjadi Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He was the son of Ahmad ibn [[Al-Hakim I (Kairo)|al-Hakim]]
* He succeeded his uncle as the fourth Caliph for the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]].
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|5
Baris 544 ⟶ 530:
* [[Al-Mustakfi II|Al-Mustakfi I]]
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* Menggantikan sepupunya; menjadi khalifah Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his cousin as the fifth caliph for the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]
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|6
Baris 553 ⟶ 539:
* [[Al-Mustakfi II|Al-Mustakfi I]]
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* Menggantikan kakaknya; menjadi khalifah Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his brother as the sixth caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate.
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|7
Baris 562 ⟶ 548:
* Al-Mu'tadid I
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* Era pertama pemerintahan Al-Mutawakkil I; berseteru sengan Al-Musta'syim II.
* First reign
* Pada tahun 1377 digulingkan Al-Musta'syim II.
* He succeeded his father as the seventh caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate
* In 1377 he was deposed.
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|8
Baris 573 ⟶ 558:
* [[Al-Watsiq II|Al-Wathiq I]]
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* Era pertama pemerintahan Al-Musta'syim II, setelah mengalahkan Al-Mutawakkil I.
* First reign
* He succeeded as the eighth caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo.
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|(7)
Baris 582 ⟶ 566:
|
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* Era kedua pemerintahan Al-Mutawakkil I, setelah menggantikan Al-Musta'syim II.
* Second reign
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|9
Baris 591 ⟶ 575:
* [[Al-Watsiq II|Al-Wathiq I]]
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* Menjadi khalifah kesembilan kekhalifahan Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded as the ninth Caliph of Cairo for the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]
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|(8)
Baris 599 ⟶ 583:
|
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* Era kedua pemerintahan Al-Musta'syim II.
* Second reign
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|(7)
Baris 607 ⟶ 591:
|
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* Era ketiga pemerintahan Al-Mutawakkil I.
* Third reign
|-
|10
|22 Januari 1406 – 9 Maret 1414
|'''[[Al-MustaʿinMusta'in (Kairo)|Al-Mustaʿīn]]'''
|Abū al-Faḍl al-ʿAbbas
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Baris 617 ⟶ 601:
* Bay Khatun, wanita Turkik (selir)
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* Menjadi khalifah kesepuluh Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded as the tenth Caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate in Cairo.
* BecameBerkuasa Sultandari of7 EgyptMei from1412 7 May –hingga 6 November 1412, as a titularsebagai figureheadtituler forbagi ShaykhSyeikh al-Mahmudi.
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|11
Baris 628 ⟶ 612:
* Kazal, [[Rumpun suku bangsa Turkik|Turkish]] concubine
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* Menjadi khalifah kesebelas Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded as the eleventh caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate
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|12
Baris 638 ⟶ 622:
* Bay Khatun
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* Menggantikan saudaranya; menjadi khalifah keduabelas Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his brother as the twelfth caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo.
|-
|13
Baris 648 ⟶ 632:
* Bay Khatun
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* Menggantikan saudaranya; menjadi khalifah ketigabelas Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his brother as the thirteenth caliph of the Mamluk Sultanate
|-
|14
Baris 658 ⟶ 642:
* Bay Khatun
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* Menggantikan saudaranya; menjadi khalifah keempatbelas Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his brother as the fourteenth caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate
|-
|15
Baris 668 ⟶ 652:
* Haj al-Malik
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* HeCucu was the son of Ya'qub and Grandson ofdari [[Al-Mutawakkil I]]
* Menggantikan pamannya; menjadi khalifah ke-15 Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* He succeeded his uncle as the fifteenth caliph for the Mamluk Sultanate
|-
|16
Baris 678 ⟶ 662:
* [[Al-Mutawakkil II]]
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* Periode pertama pemerintahan Al-Mustamsik; naik tahta menggantikan ayahnya untuk menjadi khalifah ke-16 Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* First reign
* He succeeded his father as the sixteenth caliph for the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]
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|17
Baris 687 ⟶ 670:
|
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* Menggantikan ayahnya yang mundur; menjadi khalifah ke-17 Dinasti Abbasiyah di Kairo.
* First reign
* He succeeded his father as the seventeenth caliph for the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]
|-
|(16)
Baris 696 ⟶ 678:
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* Kembali naik tahta untuk sesaat, menggantikan putranya, dari tahun 1516 to 1517.
* Second reign of al-Mustamsik
* He served as caliph twice, his first term from 1497 to 1508 and his second term from 1516 to 1517, when he abdicated the position to his son, [[Al-Mutawakkil III]]
|-
|(17)
Baris 705 ⟶ 686:
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* Kembali naik tahta, namun tidak lama.
* Second reign
* Pada tahun 1517, Sultan Utsmaniyah Selim I telah berhasil mengalahkan Kesultanan Mamluk, dan menjadikan Mesir sebagai bagian dari Kekaisaran Ottoman. Al-Mutawakkil III ditangkap bersama keluarganya dan diangkut ke Konstantinopel.
* He formally surrendered the title of caliph as well as its outward emblems—the sword and mantle of Muhammad—to Ottoman Sultan [[Selim I]] in 1517, making him the last caliph of the [[Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)|Kekhalifahan yang berbasis di Mesir]].
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Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Daftar_Khalifah_Abbasiyah"