Perubahan iklim: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Perubahan iklim''' adalah perubahan jangka panjang dalam suhu dan pola cuaca [[iklim]] dalam periode waktu yang sangat lama. Bentuk perubahan iklim berkaitan dengan perubahan kebiasaan cuaca atau perubahan persebaran kejadian cuaca.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Aldrian, dkk.|first=|date=2011|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Edvin_Aldrian/publication/309721670_Adaptasi_dan_Mitigasi_Perubahan_Iklim_di_Indonesia/links/581ec39c08aea429b295db6b/Adaptasi-dan-Mitigasi-Perubahan-Iklim-di-Indonesia.pdf|title=Adaptasi dan Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim di Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Perubahan Iklim dan Kualitas Udara, Kedeputian Bidang Klimatologi, Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika|isbn=|pages=39|url-status=live}}</ref> Penyebab utama terjadinya perubahan iklim yaitu [[pemanasan global]]. Percepatan pemanasan global merupakan akibat dari meningkatnya konsentrasi [[gas rumah kaca]] di [[atmosfer Bumi]] yang mengubah peran dari [[efek rumah kaca]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hindarto, dkk.|first=|date=2018|url=https://www.slideshare.net/dickyedwin/pasarkarbon|title=#pasarkarbon: Pengantar Pasar Karbon untuk Pengendalian Perubahan Iklim|location=Jakarta Pusat|publisher=PMR Indonesia|isbn=|pages=8|url-status=live}}</ref> Aktivitas manusia juga dapat mengubah iklim bumi, dan saathal iniinilah yang mendorong perubahan iklim melalui pemanasan global.<ref>{{Cite book|last=America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change; National Research Council|year=2010|url=http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12782|title=Advancing the Science of Climate Change|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=The National Academies Press|isbn=0-309-14588-0|quote=(p1) ... there is a strong, credible body of evidence, based on multiple lines of research, documenting that climate is changing and that these changes are in large part caused by human activities. While much remains to be learned, the core phenomenon, scientific questions, and hypotheses have been examined thoroughly and have stood firm in the face of serious scientific debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. (pp. 21–22) Some scientific conclusions or theories have been so thoroughly examined and tested, and supported by so many independent observations and results, that their likelihood of subsequently being found to be wrong is vanishingly small. Such conclusions and theories are then regarded as settled facts. This is the case for the conclusions that the Earth system is warming and that much of this warming is very likely due to human activities.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529161102/http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12782|archivedate=29 May 2014|df=|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Tidak ada kesepakatan umum dalam dokumen ilmiah, media, atau kebijakan mengenai istilah yang tepat untuk digunakan merujuk pada [[antropogenik]] perubahan yang dipaksakan; baik "pemanasan global" atau "perubahan iklim" dapat digunakan.<ref name=":1" /> Perubahan iklim akan berdampak kepada peningkatan tinggi permukaan air laut, meningkatnya jumlah bencana alam, pergeseran rentang [[geografi]]s, dan kerusakan [[ekosistem]]. Dampak perubahan iklim akan dirasakan oleh manusia, hewan, tumbuhan, maupun [[mikroorganisme]]. Perubahan iklim akan memberi dampak di lautan, daratan maupun di lapisan udara.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Purbo, dkk.|first=|date=2016|url=http://km.reddplusid.org/d/a424ded436368e3f9f10da14c23acc85|title=Perubahan Iklim, Perjanjian Paris dan Nationally Determined Contribution|location=Jakarta|publisher=Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Perubahan Iklim, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan|isbn=978-602-74011-1-2|pages=5|url-status=live|access-date=2020-12-29|archive-date=2020-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928033149/http://km.reddplusid.org/d/a424ded436368e3f9f10da14c23acc85|dead-url=yes}}</ref>