Ulrich Zwingli: Perbedaan antara revisi

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===Tahun-tahun awal (1484–1518)===
[[File:Geburtshaus von Huldrych Zwingli.jpg|thumb|right|260px|HouseRumah wheretempat Zwingli wasdilahirkan born indi [[Wildhaus]] inyang whatsekarang istermasuk now thedalam [[Canton ofKanton St. Gallen]]]]
HuldrychUlrich Zwingli wasdilahirkan bornpada ontanggal 1 JanuaryJanuari 1484 indi [[Wildhaus]], indi thelembah [[Toggenburg]] valley of [[SwitzerlandSwiss]], toke adalam familykeluarga ofpetani. farmers,Ia theadalah thirdanak childketiga ofdari eleven.sebelas Hisbersaudara. fatherAyahnya, Ulrich, playedmemainkan aperan leadingpenting roledalam inadministrasi the administration of the communitymasyarakat (''[[Amtmann]]'' oratau chiefkepala localmagistrat magistratelokal).<ref>{{Harvnb|Potter|1976|p=6}}</ref> Zwingli'sPendidikan primarydasar schooling was providedZwingli bydisediakan hisoleh unclepamannya, Bartholomew, aseorang clericklerus indi [[Weesen, SwitzerlandSwiss|Weesen]], wheretempat heia probablymungkin metbertemu dengan [[Katharina von Zimmern]].<ref name="katharina">{{cite web|url=http://frauen-und-reformation.de/?s=bio&id=93|title=Katharina von Zimmern|publisher=frauen-und-reformation.de|access-date=25 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331123825/http://www.frauen-und-reformation.de/?s=bio&id=93|archive-date=31 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> AtPada tenusia yearssepuluh oldtahun, Zwingli wasdikirim sent toke [[Basel]] tountuk obtainmenempuh hispendidikan secondarymenengahnya. educationDi wheresana, heia learnedmempelajari [[Latinbahasa language|Latin]] underdi bawah bimbingan MagistrateMagistrat Gregory Bünzli. AfterSetelah threetiga yearstahun indi Basel, heia stayedsinggah abeberapa shortsaat timedi indi [[Bern]] with the humanistdengan Henry Wölfflin., Theseorang humanis. [[DominicanOrdo OrderDominikan|DominicansKaum Dominikan]] indi Bern triedberusaha to persuademeyakinkan Zwingli tountuk joinbergabung theirdengan orderordo andmereka itdan isadalah possiblememungkinkan thatbahwa heia wasditerima receivedsebagai as a novice[[novis]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Gäbler|1986|p=24}}; {{Harvnb|Potter|1976|p=9}}. Potter mentionsmenyebutkan thiskemungkinan possibilityini. Gäbler statesmenyatakan thatbahwa Zwingli didtidak notmenyanggah refute laterklaim-klaim claimsbelakangan byoleh opponentspenentangnya thatbahwa heia hadpernah beenmenjadi aseorang monkbiarawan indi Bern.</ref>
 
HoweverNamun, hisayah fatherdan andpamannya uncletidak disapprovedmenyetujui ofhal suchtersebut adan courseia and he leftmeninggalkan Bern withouttanpa completingmenamatkan hisstudi Latinbahasa studiesLatinnya.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gäbler|1986|p=24}}; {{Harvnb|Potter|1976|p=9}}</ref> HeIa enrolledterdaftar in thedi [[UniversityUniversitas of ViennaWina]] inpada thesemester wintermusim semesterdingin oftahun 1498, buttetapi was expelleddikeluarkan, accordingmenurut tocatatan the university's recordsuniversitas. HoweverNamun, ittidak isdipastikan not certain thatbahwa Zwingli was indeedbenar-benar expelleddikeluarkan, anddan heia re-enrolledmendaftar inkembali the summerpada semester ofmusim panas tahun 1500;. hisKegiatan-kegiatannya activitiespada intahun 1499 aretidak unknowndiketahui.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gäbler|1986|p=25}}. The wordKata ''exclusus'' (expelleddikeluarkan) wasditambahkan addedke todalam hisentri matriculation entrymatrikulasinya. Gäbler notesmencatat thatbahwa withouttanpa aadanya datetanggal anddan reasonalasan, ithal doestersebut nottidak conformsesuai todengan whatapa wasyang customarylazim atpada thesaat timeitu.</ref> Zwingli continuedmelanjutkan hisstudinya studiesdi inWina Viennahingga untiltahun 1502, aftersetelahnya whichia hepindah transferred to theke [[University ofUniversitas Basel]] wheretempat heia receivedmemperoleh thegelar Master of Arts degree (''Magister Artium'') inpada tahun 1506.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gäbler|1986|p=26}}</ref> InDi Basel, onesalah ofsatu guru Zwingli's teachers wasadalah [[Thomas Wyttenbach]] fromdari [[Biel/Bienne|Biel]], with whom heyang laterdengannya correspondedia onkemudian theberkorespondensi doctrinemengenai ofdoktrin [[transubstantiationtransubstansiasi]].
 
Zwingli was ordained in [[Konstanz|Constance]], the seat of the local diocese, and he celebrated his first [[Mass (liturgy)|Mass]] in his hometown, Wildhaus, on 29 September 1506. As a young priest he had studied little theology, but this was not considered unusual at the time. His first ecclesiastical post was the pastorate of the town of [[Glarus]], where he stayed for ten years. It was in Glarus, whose soldiers were used as mercenaries in Europe, that Zwingli became involved in politics. The Swiss Confederation was embroiled in various campaigns with its neighbours: the French, the Habsburgs, and the Papal States. Zwingli placed himself solidly on the side of the [[Holy See|Roman See]]. In return, [[Pope Julius II]] honoured Zwingli by providing him with an annual pension. He took the role of chaplain in several campaigns in Italy, including the [[Battle of Novara (1513)|Battle of Novara]] in 1513.<ref>{{cite book