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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox City |official_name = Hartford, Connecticut
|official_name = Kota Hartford
|nickname= Ibu kota Asuransi Dunia, Bintang Naik New England
|other_name =
|image_flag = HartfordCT.jpg
|native_name =
|image_seal = HartfordCTseal.gif
|nickname = Ibu kota Asuransi Dunia, The Heartbeat, New England's Rising Star
|image_map = Hartford_Hartford.png
|settlement_type = [[Kota]]
|map_caption = Location in [[Hartford County, Connecticut]]
|motto =
|subdivision_type = [[Kabupaten di Amerika Serikat|Kabupaten]]
|subdivision_nameimage_skyline = [[Kabupaten = Hartford, Connecticut|Kabupaten Hartford]]Skyline.JPG
|imagesize =
|leader_title = [[Wali kota]]
|image_caption = Pemandangan kota Hartford dilihat dari Connecticut River
|leader_name = [[Eddie Perez (politikus)|Eddie Perez]]
|image_flag = Flag of Hartford, Connecticut.svg
|area_magnitude = 1 E9
|flag_size =
|area_total = 18.0 mi² / 46,5
|image_seal =
|area_land = 17.3 mi² / 44,8
|seal_size =
|area_water = 0.7 mi² / 1,7
|image_shield =
|population_as_of = 2004
|shield_size =
|population_metro = 1.184.564
|image_blank_emblem =
|population_total = 124.848
|blank_emblem_size =
|population_urban = 882.000
|image_map = CTMap-doton-Hartford.PNG
|population_density = 2.786
|mapsize = 250x200px
|timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|imagesize = 300x300px
|utc_offset = -5
|map_caption = Lokasi di [[Hartford County, Connecticut]]
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
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|latd=41 |latm=46 |lats=1.2 |latNS=LU
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|coordinates_region = US-CT
|subdivision_type = Negara
|subdivision_name = Amerika Serikat
|subdivision_type1 = Negara bagian
|subdivision_name1 = [[Connecticut]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[NECTA]]
|subdivision_name2 = Hartford
|subdivision_type3 = Region
|subdivision_name3 = Capitol Region
|subdivision_type4 =
|subdivision_name4 =
|government_footnotes =
|government_type = [[Mayor-council]]
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = [[Pedro Segarra]] ([[Partai Demokrat (Amerika Serikat)|D]])
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 =
|leader_title2 =
|leader_name2 =
|leader_title3 =
|leader_name3 =
|leader_title4 =
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|established_title = Dinamai
|established_date = 1637
|established_title2 = Didirikan
|established_date2 = 1784
|established_title3 = Konsolidasi
|established_date3 = 1896
|area_magnitude = 1 E9
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 46.5
|area_land_km2 = 44.8
|area_water_km2 = 1.7
|area_total_sq_mi = 18.0
|area_land_sq_mi = 17.3
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.7
|area_water_percent =
|area_urban_km2 = 1216
|area_urban_sq_mi = 469
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|area_blank1_title =
|area_blank1_km2 =
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|population_as_of = 2006
|population_footnotes = <ref name=popest2>{{cite web | date = June 21, 2006 | url = http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2006_9.csv | title = Annual Estimates of the Population for All Incorporated Places in Connecticut | format = [[Comma-separated values|CSV]] | work = 2006 Population Estimates | publisher = U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division | accessdate = June 28, 2007 | archive-date = 2007-09-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070914133444/http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2006_9.csv | dead-url = no }}</ref>
|population_note =
|population_total = 124512
|population_density_km2 = 2776
|population_density_sq_mi = 7025.5
|population_metro = 1188241
|population_density_metro_km2 =
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|timezone = [[Waktu Timur|EST]]
|utc_offset = −5
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|utc_offset_DST = −4
|latd = 41 |latm = 45 |lats = 45.85 |latNS = N
|longd = 72 |longm = 40 |longs = 27.43 |longEW = W
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 18
|elevation_ft = 59
|postal_code_type = Kode pos
|postal_code = 061xx
|area_code = [[Kode area 860|860]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|Kode FIPS]]
|blank_info = 09-37000
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0213160
|blank2_name = Bandara
|blank2_info = [[Bandara Internasional Bradley|Bandara Internasional Bradley (Windsor Locks, CT)]] BDL (Internasional)
|website = [http://www.hartford.gov/ www.hartford.gov]
|footnotes =
}}
{{redirect|Hartford}}
'''Hartford''' adalah [[ibu kota]] [[negara bagian]] [[Connecticut]] Amerika Serikat, di [[Kabupaten Hartford, Connecticut|Kabupaten Hartford]]. Kota ini terletak di [[Sungai Connecticut]], dekat pusat negara bagian ini. Menurut sensus 2000, kota ini berpenduduk 121.578, tetapi perkiraan Sensus [[1 Juli]] [[2002]] memperkirakan penduduk kota ini berjumlah 124.558. Ini adalah kota terbesar kedua di negara bagian ini, setelah [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]]. Hartford Raya juga termasuk wilayah metropolitan terbesar ke-44 di seluruh AS (perkiraan [[sensus]] [[2004]]) dengan populasi sebesar 1.184.564.
 
'''Hartford''' adalah [[ibu kota]] [[negara bagian]] [[Connecticut]] Amerika Serikat, di [[Kabupaten Hartford, Connecticut|Kabupaten Hartford]]. Kota ini terletak di [[Sungai Connecticut]], dekat pusat negara bagian ini. Menurut sensus 2000, kota ini berpenduduk 121.578, tetapi Sensus [[1 Juli]] [[2002]] memperkirakan penduduk kota ini berjumlah 124.558. Ini adalah kota terbesar kedua di negara bagian ini, setelah [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]]. Hartford Raya juga termasuk wilayah metropolitan terbesar ke-44 di seluruh AS (perkiraan [[sensus]] [[2004]]) dengan populasi sebesar 1.184.564.
<!--==History==
Dutch fur traders from [[New Netherland]] colony set up trade on the site as early as [[1623]], after [[Adriaen Block]] explored it in [[1614]]. The Dutch named their post the 'Hope House' ''(Huys de Hoop)''. Prior to the Dutch arrival, the [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]] who inhabited the area had called it Suckiaug. By [[1633]] Jacob van Curler had added a block house and palisade to the post while New Amsterdam sent a small garrison and a pair of cannons. The fort was abandoned by [[1654]], but its neighborhood in Hartford is still known as Dutch Point.
 
== Sejarah ==
The first [[England|English]] settlers arrived in [[1635]]. [[Thomas Hooker]] led 100 settlers with 130 head of cattle in a trek from Newtown (now [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]) in the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] and started their settlement just north of the Dutch fort. The settlement was originally called Newtown, but was changed to Hartford in [[1637]] to honor the English town of [[Hertford, England|Hertford]].
Para pedagang Belanda dari koloni [[New Netherland]] yang membeli bulu binatang (untuk pakaian) mengembangkan perdagangan ini di tempat ini sejak [[1623]], setelah [[Adriaen Block]] menjelajahinya pada [[1614]]. Orang Belanda menamai pos mereka 'Wisma Harapan' ''(Huys de Hoop)''. Sebelum datangnya orang-orang Belanda, bangsa [[Indian Amerika|Indian]] yang menghuni wilayah ini menyebutnya Suckiaug. Pada [[1633]] Jacob van Curler telah menambahkan satu blok perumahan dan ''palisade'' kepada pos ini, sementara New Amsterdam mengirimkan sejumlah kecil pasukan penjagaan dan sepasang meriam. Benteng ini ditinggalkan pada [[1654]], tetapi lingkungannya di Hartford masih dikenal sebagai Dutch Point.
 
Para pemukim [[Inggris]] pertama tiba pada [[1635]]. [[Thomas Hooker]] memimpin 100 pemukim dengan 130 ekor sapi dalam sebuah perjalanan dari Newtown (kini [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]) di [[Koloni Teluk Massachusetts]] dan memulai pemukiman mereka di sebelah utara benteng Belanda. Pemukiman ini mulanya dinamai Newtown, tetapi kemudian diubah menjadi Hartford pada [[1637]] untuk mengenang kota Inggris [[Hertford, Inggris|Hertford]].
[[image:IMG_1175_(2)_....jpg|thumb|right|250px|Central Business District.]]
 
=== Transportasi umum ===
The fledgling colony along the Connecticut River had issues with the authority with which to govern since it was outside of the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Bay Company's charter. Therefore, [[Thomas Hooker]] wrote the [[Fundamental Orders of Connecticut]], a document investing the authority to govern with the people, instead of with a higher power. Hooker stated [[May 31]], [[1638]]:
[[Connecticut Transit]] dimiliki oleh [[Departemen Transportasi Connecticut Department]]. CTTRANSIT mengoperasikan pelayanan bus lokal dan ulang-alik di dalam kota dan daerah sekitarnya. Pelayanan taksi tersedia dari stasiun kereta api di 1 Union Place atau dengan meneleponnya dari lokasi manapun di wilayah ini.
 
== Penduduk terkenal Hartford ==
:''The foundation of authority is laid, firstly, in the free consent of the people.''
* [[Harriet E. Stowe]] aslinya adalah penduduk wilayah [[Litchfield, Connecticut|Litchfield]], tetapi kemudian menetap di Hartford pada [[1870-an]]. Rumahnya di Forest Street kini dibuka untuk umum dan tepat di sebelah rumah [[Mark Twain]].
 
* [[Mark Twain]] pindah ke Hartford pada [[1874]] dan tinggal di sana selama bertahun-tahun. [[Mark Twain House]] adalah situs sejarah nasional. Twain, yang nama aslinya adalah Samuel Langhorne Clemens, menulis banyak karyanya yang terkenal di Hartford, termasuk ''[[The Gilded Age]]'', ''[[Tom Sawyer|Petualangan Tom Sawyer]]'', ''[[A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]'', ''[[Roughing It]]'', dan karyanya yang paling banyak dibaca dan kontroversial, ''[[Petualangan Huckleberry Finn]]''.
Some historians believe Hooker's concepts of self-rule were the forerunners of the United States Constitution. The Orders were ratified on [[January 14]], [[1639]].
* [[Wallace Stevens]], penyair, seorang eksekutif asuransi di Hartford. [[Katharine Hepburn]], [[Stephen Cole Kleene]] dan [[Bill Morrissey]] lahir di wilayah ini.
 
* [[George Keller]] (1842-1935), arsitek, tinggal di Hartford hingga kematiannya. Ia merancang Soldier's Arch (Gapura Prajurit) dan Sailor's Arch (Gapura Pelaut), Stasiun Kereta Api Hartford, dan Garfield Memorial di Cleveland, Ohio. Abunya, bersama abu istrinya Mary, disimpan di menara dari gapura yang dirancangnya.
On [[December 15]], [[1814]], the [[Hartford Convention]] was called to order in Hartford. Delegations from the five New England states, ([[Maine]] was still part of [[Massachusetts]] at that time) were sent to Hartford to discuss New England's possible [[secession]] from the United States.
* [[Dwight Freeney]] ([[NFL]] [[Indianapolis Colts]]) dan [[Nykesha Sales]] ([[WNBA]] [[Connecticut Sun]]) juga dilahirkan di wilayah Hartford. Mereka tinggal di suburban timur laut di [[Bloomfield, Connecticut|Bloomfield]] dan dibesarkan dalam jarak yang saling berdekatan di Farmstead Circle. Keduanya belajar di SMA Bloomfield dan merupakan atlet perguruan tinggi All State(CIAC) masing-masing dalam rugby dan bola basket.
 
* [[Terry Moor]] (lahir [[1952]]), bekas pemain tenis profesional yang lahir di Hartford, dan yang memenangkan dua gelar single dan tiga dobel selama kariernya. Pemain kidal ini menduduki peringkat 32 di dunia pada 29 Oktober 1984.
During the early [[1800s]], the Hartford area was a center of [[abolitionist]] activity. The most famous abolitionist family was the Beechers. The Reverend [[Lyman Beecher]] was an important Congregational minister known for his anti-slavery sermons. His daughter, [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], wrote the famous ''[[Uncle Tom's Cabin]]'', while her brother, the Reverend [[Henry Ward Beecher]], was a noted clergyman who vehemently opposed slavery and supported the temperance movement and women's suffrage. Beecher Stowe's sister, [[Isabella Beecher Hooker]], was a leading member of the [[feminism|women's rights movement]].
* [[Mark McGrath]], penyanyi utama dari Sugar Ray lahir di Hartford.
 
* [[Norman Lear]], belajar di SMA Weaver di Hartford.
In [[1860]], Hartford was the site of the first "Wide Awakes," abolitionist supporters of [[Abraham Lincoln]]. These supporters organized torch-light parades that were both political and social events, often including fireworks and music, in celebration of Lincoln's visit to the city. This type of event caught on and eventually became a staple of mid to late-1800s campaigning.
* [[Charles Nelson Reilly]], menghabiskan masa kecilnya di Hartford.
 
* [[Totie Fields]] dan [[Sophie Tucker]], keduanya lahir dan dibesarkan di Hartford.
In [[July 6]], [[1944]], Hartford was the scene of one of the worst fire disasters in the history of the United States. The fire, which occurred at a performance of the [[Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus]], became known as the [[Hartford Circus Fire]].
* [[Amy Brenneman]], dibesarkan di [[Glastonbury, Connecticut|Glastonbury]]. Ia mengadaptasi pengalaman-pengalaman ibunya, seorang hakim Pengadilan Tinggi di Hartford, menjadi seri televisi ''[[Judging Amy]]''.
 
* [[Jeff Porcaro]], [[Steve Porcaro]], [[Mike Porcaro]] dari band rock [[Toto (band)|Toto]] lahir di Hartford. Waktu kecil mereka tinggal di [[South Windsor, Connecticut|South Windsor]] lalu pindah ke [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]. Ayah mereka, [[Joe Porcaro]] terkenal sebagai guru drum.
After [[World War II]], many residents of [[Puerto Rico]] moved to Hartford and even today Puerto Rican flags can be found on cars and buildings all over the city. Hartford Mayor Eddie Perez was born in Puerto Rico and moved to Hartford in [[1969]], when he was 12 years old.
* [[Eriq La Salle]] dari film seri televisi ''[[ER (seri TV)|ER]]'' lahir dan dibesarkan di Hartford.
 
* [[Rick Mahorn]] dan [[Michael Adams]] dari NBA berasal dari Hartford.
In [[1997]], the city lost its professional hockey franchise, the [[Hartford Whalers]], to [[Raleigh, North Carolina]] despite an increase in season ticket sales and an offer of a new arena from the state. Currently a developer from [[Newton]], MA who is also the city's largest property owner is working with the city to bring an NHL team back to Hartford and house them in a new largely publicly funded stadium.
* [[Manute Bol]], bekas pemain NBA, tinggal di [[West Hartford, Connecticut|West Hartford]].
 
* [[Jim Murray]] penulis kolom olahraga [[Los Angeles Times]] lahir dan dibesarkan di Hartford.
Hartford experienced problems as the population shrank 11 percent during the [[1990s]]. Only [[Flint, Michigan]]; [[Gary, Indiana]]; [[St. Louis, Missouri|Saint Louis]] and [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]] experienced larger population losses during the decade. However, the population has increased since the 2000 Census.
* [[Dominick Dunne]], pengarang terkenal, lahir di Hartford dan dibesarkan di West Hartford.
 
* [[Jackie McLean]], pemain saksofon alto jazz dan pendidik
In the last few years, Hartford has begun to generate renewed interest as many redevelopment projects have been completed, are currently in progress or planned across the city. These initiatives include both commercial and residential projects such as Adriaen's Landing, the Connecticut Center for Science and Exploration, an extensive system of riverfront trails and parks, Park Street and Parkville neighborhood improvements and significant downtown development. The historic Colt building and complex is also being renovated to National Park standards.
* [[Barbara Kolb]], komponis (lahir 1939)
 
==Geography==
[[image:Hartford-christ-church-cathedral.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Christ Church Cathedral Chapter House in downtown Hartford.]]
 
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 46.5 [[square kilometre|km²]] (18.0 [[square mile|mi²]]). 44.8 km² (17.3 mi²) of it is land and 1.7 km² (0.7 mi²) of it (3.67%) is water.
 
Hartford is bordered by the towns of [[West Hartford, Connecticut|West Hartford]], [[Newington, Connecticut|Newington]], [[Wethersfield, Connecticut|Wethersfield]], [[East Hartford, Connecticut|East Hartford]], [[Bloomfield, Connecticut|Bloomfield]], South Windsor, and [[Windsor, Connecticut|Windsor]]. The [[Connecticut River]] separates Hartford from the region's eastern suburbs.
 
==Demographics==
As of the [[census]][[Geographic references#2|²]] of 2000, there were 121,578 people, 44,986 households, and 27,171 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 2,711.8/km² (7,025.5/mi²). There were 50,644 housing units at an average density of 1,129.6/km² (2,926.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 17.72% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 38.05% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.54% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.62% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.11% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 26.51% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.44% from two or more races. 40.52% of the population were [[Hispanic American|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.
 
There were 44,986 households out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 29.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.6% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.33.
 
In the city the population was spread out with 30.1% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.0 males.
 
The median income for a household in the city was $24,820, and the median income for a family was $27,051. Males had a median income of $28,444 versus $26,131 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $13,428. About 28.2% of families and 30.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 41.0% of those under age 18 and 23.2% of those age 65 or over.
 
In 2000, 32.56% of Hartford residents claimed [[Puerto Rican]] heritage. This was the second largest concentration of Puerto Ricans on the US mainland, behind only [[Holyoke, Massachusetts]].
 
==Neighborhoods==
[[Image:Dscn3088 connecticut capitol.jpg|250px|right|thumb|The Connecticut State Capitol in downtown Hartford]]
===Central Business District/Downtown===
Downtown is Hartford's primary business district. Downtown is home to such corporations as St. Paul Travelers, The Hartford Steam Boiler, Phoenix Insurance, Prudential Retirement and United Technologies Corporation.
 
Downtown is also home to the Hartford City Hall, the Hartford Public Library, the Old State House, the [[Wadsworth Atheneum]], The Travelers Tower, [[Bushnell Park]], and the [[Connecticut State Capitol|State Capitol]] and Legislative Office Complex. Capital Community College and the Hartford Public Schools offices are also located along Main Street in the former G. Fox and Company Building. The newly renovated [[University of Connecticut School of Business]] is located at Constitution Plaza.
 
===Asylum Hill===
The Asylum Hill neighborhood was originally known as "Lords Hill." The Asylum Hill neighborhood is home to the Asylum Hill Congregational Church (organized in [[1864]]), The Trinity Episcopal Church, and Saint Joseph's Cathedral (dedicated [[1892]]).
 
There are also many insurance companies that were or are still located in the Asylum Hill area such as the Hartford Fire Insurance Company (now the Hartford Financial Services Group) and Rossia Insurance Company (now Northeastern Insurance Company). [[Aetna|AETNA]] Insurance Company still remains as a major fixture along Farmington Avenue. Also along Farmington Avenue are the homes of [[Mark Twain]] and [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], which are now museums.
 
Coming soon to the Asylum Hill neighborhood is the Connecticut Culinary Institute which will move in the recently vacated Hastings Hotel and Conference Center next to AETNA
 
===West End===
The West End neighborhood, which runs from a little bit past the [[Mark Twain]] house to the [[West Hartford, Connecticut|West Hartford]] border, was mostly farmland until [[1870]]. During the [[1910s]], many two and three story homes were built, giving the area more of a suburban feel.
 
[http://www.epcentury.com/ Elizabeth Park] in the West End was created in [[1895]], when Charles N. Pond gave his estate to the Hartford Parks Commission which created the park and named it in honor of his wife. The park boasts a playground, softball field, and other recreational facilities in addition to views of the downtown skyline. It's the oldest municipal rose garden in the United States, and one of the largest.
 
The [[University of Connecticut School of Law]], [[Watkinson School]] and the [[Hartford Seminary]] are located in the West End. Part of Prospect Avenue boasts mansions including the Governor's Mansion. Mansions can also be found along Scarborough Street including the former residence of A. Everett Ausin (Director of [[Wadsworth Atheneum]] from [[1927]]-[[1944]]).
 
===Sheldon/Charter Oak===
The neighborhood is located just south of downtown with the [[Connecticut River]] and [[Interstate 91|I-91]] running at the eastern end of the neighborhood. The [[Charter Oak]] monument is located at the corner of Charter Oak Place, a historic street, and Charter Oak Avenue.
 
The area was home to the [[Colt's Manufacturing Company|Colts Firearm Factory]] which was started by [[Samuel Colt]], who invented the automatic revolver. Along with building a factory, Mr. Colt also made a village with houses, a library, and recreational activities so that his employees could be close to work. Colt's estate, Armsmear, was given to the city as Colt's Park after Mr. and Mrs. Colt's death. A developer is currently in the process of renovating the whole facility to create office space and apartments for completion in 2006/2007.
 
The Capewell Horsenail Company was also in the area. In [[1881]], [[George Capewell]] invented a machine to make horseshoe nails.
 
===North End===
The neighborhood is a conglomeration of formerly distinct neighborhoods that have been collapsed into a largely impoverished zone. Generally identified as consisting of the vast area north of Albany Avenue leading up to the Bloomfield and Windsor borders, the North End has been wracked by decades of policies such as redlining and racist city planning that transformed a once multi-cultural area of African-American, Jewish, and European immigrants into an underdeveloped zone of housing projects and slums that is nearly entirely African-American and poor. This began in the [[1950s]] with the construction of [[Interstate 84 (east)|I-84]], which cut off North End from the rest of the city, followed by a high concentration of government-financed housing projects that caused the flight of the working and middle class to the suburbs.
 
Although many of the housing projects have been demolished in [[1990s]] and [[2000s]], and were replaced with [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development|HUD]] home constructions designed to increase the proportion of working families in the North End, the area still suffers from underdevelopment and crime. Many of the North End's parks, such as Keney Park, are considered among the city's most dangerous. The schools are among the most segregated and underperforming in the country, with populations of impoverished and African-American students extending into the 90th percentile. Mortality rates in the North End are comparable to those of the [[South Bronx]] in [[New York City]].
 
The North End is home to an active community of West Indian immigrants that provide the area with a cultural and artistic presence: the West Indian Social Club and Scott's Jamaican Bakery are two notable neighborhood institutions. The North End is also home to Weaver High School, which was also the alma mater of [[ER (TV series)|''ER'']] actor [[Eriq La Salle]].
 
===South End===
This neighborhood is home to the area of Franklin Avenue, known as Little Italy. Although many Italians have moved just over the border to [[Wethersfield, Connecticut|Wethersfield]], [[Newington, Connecticut|Newington]], and [[Rocky Hill, Connecticut|Rocky Hill]], there is still a major Italian presence in the city. There are numerous Italian bakeries along Franklin Avenue. In the past few decades, there has been [[white flight]] from the South End, with many Puerto Rican families moving into the neighborhood but nevertheless there are many local favorites (restaurants, bakeries and stores) that draw people back into the South End.
 
Another resident of Hartford's South End is the [[South Park Inn]] emergency shelter.
 
===South Green===
South Green is home to Barnard Park in honor of [[Henry Barnard]], whose home is located on Main Street. Congress Street is a historic district with many Greek Revival and Italianate homes. Hartford Hospital and the Connecticut Children's Medical Center are also located in South Green.
 
===South Meadows===
Located at the southeastern corner of the city, the area is home to many industrial and commercial businesses. The neighborhood is home to the Regional Market, a 32 acre (129,000 m²) facility with 185,000 of warehouse space. Brainard Field along [[Interstate 91|I-91]] serves small aircraft and offers flight instruction. The Hartford Electric Light Company which started in [[1921]] is still operational and owned by CT Light and Power. One of the Metropolitan District Water pollution control plants is located in the south meadows. Also, the Mid-Connecticut Resource Recovery Facility, which opened in [[1987]] and is on 57 acres (231,000 m²), is located in the area.
 
===North Meadows===
Located just north of downtown along the CT River and I-91 the North Meadows is a largely commercial and industrial area that is home to many of the area's car dealerships including dealers for Mercedes Benz, BMW, Nissan, Infiniti, Jaguar, Toyota and Mazda as well as a brand new CarMax dealership. The North Meadows is also the home of the CT Expo Center which features 88,000 square feet of exhibition space, the Dodge Music Center (formerly the Meadows Music Theater) which hosts hundreds of big name concerts each year and Riverside Park.
 
==Economy==
Greater Hartford is an international center of the [[insurance]] industry, with companies such as [[Aetna|AETNA]] and [[The Hartford]] based in the city. The area is also home to [[Colt Firearms]] and large corporations like [[United Technologies]] (the parent corporation for [[Pratt & Whitney]], [[Otis Elevator Company|Otis Elevator]], [[Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation|Sikorsky Aircraft]], [[Carrier Corporation]], [[Hamilton Sundstrand]], UTC Fire & Security and UTC Fuel Cells) and others.
 
==Education==
Hartford is the home of several institutions such as the [[Hartford Conservatory]] in the Asylum Hill neighborhood of Hartford, [[Hartt School of Music]] in [[West Hartford]], [[Trinity College (Connecticut)|Trinity College]] in Hartford, the [http://www.instituteofliving.org/ Institute of Living] in Hartford, [http://www.asd-1817.org/ The American School for the Deaf] in West Hartford, [http://ccc.commnet.edu/ Capital Community College] in Downtown Hartford, [[Hartford Seminary]] in the West End of Hartford, the [[University of Hartford]] in West Hartford, the [[University of Connecticut Law School]] in the West End of Hartford, and the [[University of Connecticut School of Business]] in Downtown Hartford, [[University of Connecticut]] in West Hartford and [[Saint Joseph's College]] in West Hartford. A branch campus for [[Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute]] is also located in Hartford.
 
In addition to institutions of higher education the Greater Hartford area is home to many well known private and parochial school including [[Watkinson School]] in Hartford, [[Kingswood-Oxford]] School in [[West Hartford]], [[Northwest Catholic High School]] in West Hartford, [[Renbrook School]] in West Hartford, [[Avon Old Farms School]] in [[Avon]], [[Westminster School]] in [[Simsbury]], [[Miss Porters School]] in [[Farmington]], [[Ethel Walker School]] in [[Simsbury]], [[The Masters School]] in [[Simsbury]], [[Loomis Chaffee School]] in Windsor and [[East Catholic High School]] in [[Manchester]].
 
==Culture==
===Points of interest===
*'''[[Bushnell Park]]''' - Located below the [[Connecticut State Capitol|State Capitol]] and legislative office complex, this park consists of rolling lawns, fountains, a lake, and a historic carousel. It is the first park in the country purchased by a municipality for public use. The Soldiers & Sailors Memorial Arch is an 85' Civil War Memorial which frames the northern entrance to the park.
*'''[[Bushnell Center for Performing Arts]]'''
*'''[[Cathedral of St. Joseph]]''' - Located outside of downtown, this Roman Catholic cathedral has stained glass windows and a large ceramic mural.
*'''[[Charter Oak Cultural Center]]'''
*'''[[Connecticut State Capitol]]''' - Located at Bushnell Park, this large [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]-inspired building features many statues on its exterior. It is topped with a gold leafed dome.
*'''Colt Arms Factory and Park''' - Topped with a blue and gold dome, the complex is currently being redeveloped and renovated. It will feature office space, apartments, and retail space.
*'''Armsmear''' - The Colt family estate.
*'''Connecticut Center for Science and Exploration''' - The 150,000 square foot (14,000 m²) facility will be built along the [[Connecticut River]] on Columbus Boulevard near the convention center (opening in 2007+).
*'''Connecticut Convention Center''' - The 540,000 square foot (42,000 m²) [[convention center]] is now open, and overlooks the Connecticut River and the central business district. Attached to the center is a new 409 room 22 story Marriott Hotel (opened in late August [[2005]]).
*'''Constitution Plaza''' - Built in the early [[1960s]], Constitution Plaza is a renowned [[redevelopment]] project. The complex is comprised of numerous office buildings, underground parking, a restaurant, and outdoor courtyards along with a broadcasting studio. During the holiday season the area is filled with [[Christmas light]]s, and the annual Taste of Hartford celebration is held here. The Plaza passes over the highway and connects the city to the Connecticut River.
*'''[http://www.epcentury.com/ Elizabeth Park & Rose Garden]''' - Located on the Hartford/[[West Hartford, Connecticut|West Hartford]] border.
*'''[[Harriet Beecher Stowe House]] & Research Center''' - The former home of [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]] is now a museum located on Farmington Avenue near the Mark Twain House.
*'''[[Hartford Civic Center]]''' - Built in [[1975]], the center hosts concerts and shows. It hosted the former [[NHL]] [[Hartford Whalers]], and is also the home to the [[Hartford Wolf Pack]] AHL hockey team and is a part time home to [[University of Connecticut|UConn]] basketball team. A new 36 story apartment complex (Hartford 21) is being built directly on top of the Civic Center and will also include retail and entertainment space. It will be the tallest apartment building in New England (completion expected in mid [[2006]]).
*'''[[Hartford Stage]]''' - One of the country's top regional theatres, dedicated to the production of classic works and new play development.
*'''[[Hartford Symphony Orchestra]]''' - Connecticut's premier musical organization widely recognized as one of America's leading regional orchestras
*'''[[Isham-Terry House]]'''- The house was built in [[1854]] as the residence of a business man. The house is designed in an Italian Villa style.
*'''The [[Mark Twain House]]'''- Once the home of [[Mark Twain|Samuel Clemens]], the house is now a museum located in the city's west end on Farmington Avenue.
*'''[[Old State House (Hartford)|Old State House]]''' - The Old State House was the first in the U.S., designed by [[Charles Bulfinch]], and recently restored with a gold-leafed dome rising from its top. The Old State House sits facing the Connecticut River in Downtown.
*'''[[Pope Park, Hartford, Connecticut]]'''
*'''Riverfront Recapture and Park''' - This park connects the downtown with the Connecticut River. It contains bike and walking trails, playing fields, and a white triangle-shaped dome covers one of the performing stages. The boat launch for a Connecticut River tour is also located here. A walkway spanning the Connecticut River leads to [[East Hartford, Connecticut|East Hartford]].
*'''Saint Thomas Seminary''' - Located on 80 acres (324,000 m²) in [[Bloomfield, Connecticut|Bloomfield]]. The seminary is three miles north of Hartford near the [[University of Hartford]]. The seminary opened in [[1930]] and its campus consists of rolling greens and [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]-inspired buildings.
*'''[[Trinity College (Connecticut)|Trinity College]]''' - The liberal arts college, founded in [[1823]], has more than 2,100 students. The college is consistently ranked as one of the best liberal arts colleges in America.
*'''University of Connecticut Business School'''
*'''[[University of Connecticut Law School]]''' - located just off Farmington Avenue, the campus includes an extensive, large [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]-inspired library
*'''[[University of Hartford]]''' - The University, which was founded in [[1877]], sits on 340 acres (1.4 km²) with a 13 acre (53,000 m²) campus on Asylum Avenue. There are more then 7,200 students and 86 undergraduate majors.
*'''[[University of Hartford|Hartt School of Music at University of Hartford]]'''
*'''[[Wadsworth Atheneum]] of Art''' - the oldest art museum in the U.S.
 
==Revitalization==
{{POV-check}}
Currently Hartford is experiencing a major revitalization with more then 1 billion dollars worth of private and publicly funded projects recently completed, under construction or in the works throughout the city's 17 neighborhoods.
 
Some of the major projects include
 
'''Adriaen's Landing:''' The state and privately funded project is situated on the banks of the [[Connecticut River]] along Columbus Boulevard. The project includes the 540,000 square foot Connecticut Convention Center which opened in June, 2005 and is the largest meeting space between [[New York City]] and [[Boston]]. Attached to the convention center is the 22 story 409 room Marriott Hartford Hotel Downtown which opened in August, 2005. Being constructed next to the convention center and hotel is the 140,000 square foot Connecticut Center for Science and Exploration. The final component of the project is Front Street which sits across from the convention center and is the retail, entertainment and residential component of the entire project. Publicly funded parts of the project such as a new parking garage, new lighting and new streets have recently been completed and work will soon begin on the construction of new residential units which will be housed in tower type buildings plus retail and entertainment space which will include an [[ESPN Zone]]. On the back side of Front Street the historic [[Hartford Times Building]] is being converted into the home of administrative offices for the [[Wadsworth Atheneum]].
 
'''Hartford 21:'''Currently being constructed on the site of the [[Hartford Civic Center Mall]] the project includes the construction of a new 36 story tower which will be the tallest residential tower in [[New England]]. The building will house 262 luxury apartments. Being constructed attached to the tower is 90,000 square feet of office space (some of which has been leased already to the YMCA Downtown for a new gym) and 45,000 square feet of retail space all of which will be housed in a large block. The [[Veterans Memorial Coliseum]] at the [[Hartford Civic Center]] is still a part open and is part of the project. The Coliseum is still the home of the AHL [[Hartford Wolfpack]], the [[UConn]] Men's and Women's Basketball teams as well as hundreds of big name concerts and trade shows.
 
'''Trumbull on the Park:''' This is a brand new apartment community that recently opened along Bushnell Park and includes 88 luxury apartments that are housed in a new 11 story brick building that also features a parking garage and ground level retail space. There are also 12 other units that are housed in recently renovated historic buildings on the adjacent Lewis Street.
 
'''55 on the Park:'''Formerly a SNET office building the building has now been turned into luxury apartments that sit along Bushnell Park. The building reopened a few years ago and were among some of the first new residences to open downtown in years.
 
'''Sage Allen Building:''' On Main Street the former Sage Allen Department Store building is being turned into 44 4-Bedroom townhouses some of which will be used as dorms for University of Hartford students while the others will be sold. The projects also includes the renovation of the Richardson Food Court and the reopening of Temple Street which will once again reconnect Main Street and Market Street.
 
'''Capital Community College at the G. Fox Department Store:''' The 913,000 square foot former home of the G. Fox & Company Department Store on Main Street recently underwent a complete renovation and is now the new home of Capital Community College as well as offices for the State of CT and ground level retail space.
 
'''The Metropolitan:''' The former Hartford Telephone Company Building on Pearl Street is being converted into luxury condominiums. When the condos open soon they will be the first condos to open downtown in years.
 
'''Connecticut Culinary Institute:''' The school has recently completed a deal that will relocate part of the school to the former Hastings Hotel and Conference Center in the city's Asylum Hill neighborhood just west of downtown and next to the AETNA Headquarters.
 
==Media==
The city is served by the daily ''[[Hartford Courant]]'' newspaper, which is the country's oldest continuously published newspaper, founded in [[1764]]. A weekly newspaper, the ''[[Hartford Advocate]]'', also serves Hartford and the surrounding area. As does the ''[http://www.ct-abc.org/theguardian.html The Hartford Guardian]'' (a city-wide, quarterly conservative newsmagazine) and ''[http://www.hartfordimc.org The Hartford Undercurrent]'' (an independent, monthly paper that accepts open submissions).
Several [[list of television stations in Connecticut|television]] and [[list of radio stations in Connecticut|radio station]]s based in Hartford cover the entire state. These stations serve the Hartford/[[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]] market, which is the 28th largest market in the U.S.
 
==Transportation==
===[[Airport]]s===
[[Bradley International Airport]], in [[Windsor Locks, Connecticut]], is twenty minutes north of Hartford and serves Hartford and [[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield]].
 
Other airports serving the Hartford area include:
*[[Brainard Airport]], located in Hartford off of [[Interstate 91|I-91]] and close to Wethersfield, serves charter flights and local flights.
*[[John F. Kennedy International Airport]] and [[LaGuardia Airport]] in New York, New York
*[[Logan International Airport]] in Boston, Massachusetts
*[[Tweed-New Haven Airport|Tweed New Haven Regional Airport]], located in New Haven, Connecticut, is served by [[US Airways Express]].
 
===[[Highway]]s===
During the [[1960s]] and [[1970s]], Hartford was something of a [[poster child]] for highway construction, and has several highways surrounding the downtown area. Still more projects were canceled, both within the city and the suburbs like the proposed [[Interstate 291 (Connecticut)|I-291]] beltway, due to community opposition.
 
[[Interstate 84 (east)|I-84]] runs from [[Danbury, Connecticut|Danbury]], on the New York border, to [[Union, Connecticut|Union]] on the Massachusetts border. [[Interstate 91|I-91]] starts in [[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]] off [[Interstate 95|I-95]] and continues all the way up to [[Canada]] along the [[Connecticut River]]. The two highways intersect in downtown Hartford. Their [[interchange]] remained incomplete, anticipating the extension of the [[Conland-Whitehead Highway]] to connect the two near the capitol building. This created a traffic tie-up that was unsnarled in the 1990s.
 
Hartford suffers from notoriously heavy traffic as a result of its suburban population, which is proportionally much larger than that of any other nearby city. As a result, thousands of people clog area highways at the start of the workday. I-84 experiences traffic from [[Farmington, Connecticut|Farmington]] through Hartford and into East Hartford and [[Manchester, Connecticut|Manchester]] during the [[rush hour]]. Outside of Hartford, there are delays going westbound east of the Connecticut River and delays going eastbound west of the city, while in Hartford there is traffic in both directions. I-91 has significant delays, usually south of the city in [[Wethersfield, Connecticut|Wethersfield]] and [[Rocky Hill, Connecticut|Rocky Hill]] and north of the city in [[Windsor, Connecticut|Windsor]] and [[Bloomfield, Connecticut|Bloomfield]].
 
Besides the two major interstates, the [[Connecticut State Highway 2|Route 2]] expressway runs from [[Norwich, Connecticut|Norwich]] in the southeastern part of the state up to [[East Hartford, Connecticut|East Hartford]] where it then intersects with I-84. There are delays through [[Glastonbury, Connecticut|Glastonbury]] and East Hartford in the morning hours.
 
Known as the ''Berlin Turnpike'', Routes [[U.S. Route 5|5]] and [[Connecticut State Highway 15|15]] run south of the city. Before [[Interstate 91|I-91]], the roadway carried people from Hartford to [[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]]. Along the Berlin Turnpike is an array of department stores, restaurants, and offices in [[Berlin, Connecticut|Berlin]], [[Newington, Connecticut|Newington]], and [[Wethersfield, Connecticut|Wethersfield]]. In Wethersfield, it becomes a highway-grade roadway that intersects with [[Interstate 91|I-91]] and [[Interstate 84 (east)|I-84]]. Past Berlin, Route 15 becomes the [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] in [[Meriden, Connecticut|Meriden]], and later, the [[Merritt Parkway]] which runs parallel to [[Interstate 95|I-95]] to the [[New York]] border.
 
West of Hartford, [[U.S. Route 44|Route 44]] runs from [[West Hartford, Connecticut|West Hartford]] up into the hills of [[Litchfield County]] and eventually into [[New York]]. East of Hartford, Route 44 runs to [[Putnam, Connecticut|Putnam]] and into [[Rhode Island]].
 
===[[Railroad]]===
Hartford's dependence on the railroad has decreased since the automobile. However, the Hartford train station at One Union Place still operates. [[Amtrak]] provides service from Hartford to [[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield]], [[New Haven, Connecticut|New Haven]], [[New York City|New York]], [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]], and [[Washington DC]]. The station is also a major bus station serving numerous bus companies as Hartford is a mid way point between the popular New York to Boston route.
 
Currently there are preliminary plans to create a New Haven-Hartford-Springfield Commuter Rail Line with stations in communities close to [[Interstate 91|I-91]].
 
===[[Public transport]]===
[[Connecticut Transit]] is owned by the [[Connecticut Department of Transportation]]. CTTRANSIT operates local and commuter bus service within the city and the surrounding area. Taxi service is available from the train station at 1 Union Place or by calling one to any location in the area.
 
==Famous Hartford residents==
*[[Harriet Beecher Stowe]] was originally from the [[Litchfield, Connecticut|Litchfield]] area, but settled in Hartford during the [[1870s]]. Her house on Forest Street is now open to the public and is right next to that of [[Mark Twain]].
*[[Mark Twain]] moved to Hartford in [[1874]] and lived in Hartford for a number of years. The [[Mark Twain House]] is a national historic site. Twain, whose real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, wrote many of his most famous works in Hartford, including ''[[The Gilded Age]]'', ''[[Tom Sawyer|The Adventures of Tom Sawyer]]'', ''[[A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]'', ''[[Roughing It]]'', and his most read and controversial, ''[[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]]''.
*[[Wallace Stevens]], the poet, was an insurance executive in Hartford. [[Katharine Hepburn]], [[Stephen Cole Kleene]] and [[Bill Morrissey]] were born in the area.
*[[George Keller]] (1842-1935), the architect, lived in Hartford until his death. He designed the Soldier's and Sailor's Arch, the Hartford Train Station, and the Garfield Memorial in Cleveland, Ohio. His ashes, along with the ashes of his wife, Mary, are interred in turrets of the arch he designed.
*[[Dwight Freeney]] ([[NFL]] [[Indianapolis Colts]]) and [[Nykesha Sales]] ([[WNBA]] [[Connecticut Sun]]) were also born in the Hartford area. They resided in the northwest suburb of [[Bloomfield, Connecticut|Bloomfield]] and grew up within brief walking distance of each other on Farmstead Circle. Both attended Bloomfield High School and were All State(CIAC) varsity athletes in football and basketball respectively.
*[[Terry Moor]] (born [[1952]]), a former professional tennis player who was born in Hartford, and who won two singles and three doubles titles during his career. The lefthander became the number 32 of the world on October 29, 1984.
*[[Mark McGrath]], lead singer of Sugar Ray was born in Hartford.
*[[Norman Lear]], went to Weaver High School in Hartford.
*[[Charles Nelson Reilly]], spent his childhood in Hartford.
*[[Totie Fields]] and [[Sophie Tucker]], both born and raised in Hartford.
*[[Amy Brenneman]], grew up in [[Glastonbury, Connecticut|Glastonbury]]. She adapted the experiences of her mother, a Connecticut Superior Court judge in Hartford, into the television series ''[[Judging Amy]]''.
*[[Jeff Porcaro]], [[Steve Porcaro]], [[Mike Porcaro]] of the rock band [[Toto (band)|Toto]] were born in Hartford. Lived early years in [[South Windsor, Connecticut|South Windsor]] before moving to [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]. Father [[Joe Porcaro]] is well known as a session and drum instructor.
*[[Eriq La Salle]] of the television show ''[[ER (TV series)|ER]]'' was born and raised in Hartford.
*[[Rick Mahorn]] and [[Michael Adams]] of the NBA are from Hartford.
*[[Manute Bol]], former NBA player, resides in nearby [[West Hartford, Connecticut|West Hartford]].
*[[Jim Murray]] longtime sports columnist of the [[Los Angeles Times]] was born and raised in Hartford.
*[[Dominick Dunne]], famous writer, was born in Hartford and grew up in West Hartford.
*[[Jackie McLean]], jazz alto saxophonist and educator
*[[Barbara Kolb]], composer (b. 1939) -->
 
== Kota kembar ==
Karena populasi Hartford yang beraneka ragam, kota ini mempunyai sejumlah [[kota kembar]], antara lain:
 
* {{flagicon|PolandPolandia}} '''[[Bydgoszcz]], [[Polandia]]'''
* {{flagicon|Puerto RicoRiko}} '''[[Caguas, Puerto Riko]]'''
* {{flagicon|ItalyItalia}} '''[[Floridia|Floridia, Italia]]:''' Sebuah daerah pinggir kota dari [[Siracusa, Italia|Siracusa]] yang terletak di pantai tenggara pulau [[Sisilia]].
* {{flagicon|Sierra Leone}} '''[[Freetown]], [[Sierra Leone]]'''
* {{flagicon|UKBritania Raya}} '''[[Hertford, Inggris]]:''' Penduduk kota ini berjumlah sekitar 24.000 dan melayani serta mempunyai banyak penduduk yang bolak-balik ke [[London]]. Kota ini terasa seperti di pedesaan tapitetapi letaknya juga hanya sekitar 32 &nbsp;km di utara London.
* {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Mangualde]], [[Portugal]]:''' Kota kecil di [[Region Centro]] sangat dekat dengan Pegunungan [[Serra de Estrela]].
* {{flagicon|JamaicaJamaika}} '''[[Morant Bay|Morant Bay, Jamaika]]'''
* {{flagicon|IrelandRepublik Irlandia}} '''[[New Ross]], [[Irlandia]]'''
* {{flagicon|NicaraguaNikaragua}} '''[[Ocotal]], [[Nikaragua]]'''
* {{flagicon|GreeceYunani}} '''[[ThessalonikiThessalonika]], [[Yunani]]'''
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.hartford.gov/ Situs resmi Hartford] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224115523/http://hartford.gov/ |date=2011-02-24 }}
* [http://www.hartfordinfocenter.com/ Pusat Info Hartford - Informasi tentang Hartford, CT] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070413121919/http://www.hartfordinfocenter.com/ |date=2007-04-13 }}
*{{wikitravelpar|Hartford}}
* [http://www.cceda.state.ct.us/index.htm/ Otoritas Pengembangan Ekonomi Ibu kota ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421235938/http://www.cceda.state.ct.us/index.htm |date=2007-04-21 }}
*[http://www.hartfordinfocenter.com/ Pusat Info Hartford - Informasi tentang Hartford, CT]
* [http://enjoyhartford.com/index.cfm/ Biro Konvensi dan Pengunjung Hartford] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070407170227/http://enjoyhartford.com/index.cfm/ |date=2007-04-07 }}
*[http://www.cceda.state.ct.us/index.htm/ Otoritas Pengembangan Ekonomi Ibu kota ]
* [http://hartfordinfo.org/ HartfordInfo.org -- Informasi dan Data tentang Hartford dan Sekitarnya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703070430/http://www.hartfordinfo.org/ |date=2007-07-03 }}
*[http://enjoyhartford.com/index.cfm/ Biro Konvensi dan Pengunjung Hartford]
* [http://hartford.omaxfield.com/ Hartford, Connecticut: Tempat bersejarah, Sejarah, Lingkuggan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506131754/http://hartford.omaxfield.com/ |date=2017-05-06 }}
*[http://hartfordinfo.org/ HartfordInfo.org -- Informasi dan Data tentang Hartford dan Sekitarnya]
*[http://hartford.omaxfield.com/ Hartford, Connecticut: Tempat bersejarah, Sejarah, Lingkuggan]
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