Wikipedia

Perang Kemerdekaan Spanyol: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
BenzolBot (bicara | kontrib)
Bot
4.029 suntingan
k fix
 
(36 revisi perantara oleh 18 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 2:
|conflict=Perang Kemerdekaan Spanyol
|partof= [[Perang Napoleon]]
|image=[[Berkas:GoyaEl -dos Secondde ofmayo Mayde 1808 en Madrid.jpg|300px]]
|caption=''[[The Second of May 1808|The Second of May, 1808: The Charge of the Mamelukes]]'', oleh [[Francisco Goya]] (1814)
|date=[[2 Mei]] [[1808]] (terkadangkadang-kadang [[27 Oktober]] [[1807]]<ref>Glover, p. 45. Some accounts mark the Franco-Spanish invasion of Portugal as the beginning of the war.</ref>) – [[17 April]] [[1814]]<ref>Glover, p. 335. Denotes the date of the general armistice between France and the [[Sixth Coalition]].</ref>
|place=[[Semenanjung Iberia]]
|result=Kemenangan Sekutu; [[Traktat Paris (1814)|Perjanjian Fontainebleau]]
|combatant1=[[Berkas:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|22px]] [[Spanyol]]{{br}}{{negaranama|Britania Raya}} {{br}}[[Berkas:Flag Portugal (1707).svg|22px|bordertepi]] [[Kerajaan Portugal|Portugal]]
|combatant2={{negara|PerancisPrancis}} [[Kekaisaran PerancisPrancis Pertama]]
|commander1={{negara|Britania Raya}} [[Arthur Wellesley, Adipati pertama Wellington|Arthur Wellesley]]{{br}}[[Berkas:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|22px]] [[Joaquín Blake y Joyes]]{{br}}[[Berkas:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|22px]] [[Francisco Castaños]]{{br}}[[Berkas:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|22px]] [[Gregorio García de la Cuesta|Gregorio de la Cuesta]]{{br}}{{negara|Britania Raya}} [[John Moore (opsir Britania)|John Moore]]
|commander2={{negara|PerancisPrancis}} [[Napoleon I]]{{br}}{{negara|PerancisPrancis}} [[Joseph Bonaparte]]{{br}}{{negara|PerancisPrancis}} [[Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult|Jean de Dieu Soult]]{{br}}{{negara|PerancisPrancis}} [[André Masséna]]{{br}}{{flagicon|France}} [[Louis Gabriel Suchet]]{{br}}{{negara|PerancisPrancis}} [[Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier|Joseph Mortier]]
}}
'''Perang Kemerdekaan Spanyol''' atau '''Perang Semenanjung''' adalah perang yang terjadi antara persekutuan [[Spanyol]], [[Britania Raya]] dan [[Kerajaan Portugal|Portugal]] melawan [[PerancisPrancis]] di [[semenanjung Iberia]] selama [[Perang Napoleon]]. Perang ini dimulai ketika PerancisPrancis menduduki Portugal pada 1807 dan Spanyol pada 1808 dan terus terjadi sampai [[Perang Koalisi Keenam]] menaklukan Napoleon tahun 1814.
 
== Kondisi gereja ==
Salah seorang kolonel dari [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] yang bernama Lemanouski memberikan laporan mengenai kondisi [[gereja]] di Spanyol pada tahun 1808. Pelaporan ini dilakukan setelah penaklukan [[Spanyol]] pada tahun tersebut. Lemanouski melaporkan bahwa para pastor dari ordo [[Dominikan]] di Madrid mengurung diri di dalam biara. Mereka merupakan petugas dari [[Inkuisisi]] yang mengklaim bahwa di dalam gereja mereka tidak terdapat alat-alat penyiksaan. Setelah gereja mereka digeledah, pasukan Lemanouski menemukan ruangan bawah tanah yang merupakan tempat penyiksaan. Lemanouski melaporkan bahwa ruangan tersebut dipenuhi para tawanan yang semuanya dalam keadaan telanjang. Beberapa di antara tawanan tersebut juga dalam kondisi gila. Lemanouski dan pasukannya kemudian mengosongkan ruangan tersebut dan meledakkan biaranya.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Husaini|first=Adian|date=2005|title=Wajah Peradaban Barat: Dari Hegemoni Kristen ke Dominasi Sekuler Liberal|location=Jakarta|publisher=Gema Insani|isbn=978-602-250-517-4|pages=35|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
<references />
*Chandler, David G. ''The Campaigns of Napoleon.'' New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995. ISBN 0-02-523660-1
*Gates, David. ''The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War.'' Da Capo Press 2001. ISBN 0-306-81083-2▼
*Glover, Michael. ''The Peninsular War 1807-1814.'' Penguin Books 2003. ISBN 0-14-139041-7▼
*Henriques, Mendo. ''Salamanca.'' Lisbon, 2002. ISBN 972-8563-80-9▼
*[[William Francis Patrick Napier|Napier, William]]. ''The War in the Peninsula'' (6 vols), London: John Murray (Vol 1), and private (Vols 2-6), 1828-40.▼
*[[Charles Oman|Oman, Charles]]. ''The History of the Peninsular War'' (7 vols), Oxford, 1903-30.
*Sunderland, Mark. ''The Fatal Hill: The Allied Campaign under Beresford in Southern Spain in 1811.'' Thompson Publishing, London 2002. *ISBN 0-9522930-7-2 ([http://www.napoleon-series.org/reviews/military/c_fatalhill.html Long Review])▼
*Urban, Mark. ''Rifles: Six years with Wellington's legendary sharpshooters'' Pub Faber & Faber, 2003. *ISBN 0-571-21681-1
*Urban, Mark. ''The Man who Broke Napoleon's Codes.'' Faber and Faber Ltd, London 2001. ISBN 0-571-20513-5,▼
 
== DaftarBacaan pustakalanjutan ==
*Esdaile Chandler, CharlesDavid JG. ''FightingThe Campaigns of Napoleon.'' YaleNew UniversityYork: Press,Simon 2004& Schuster, 1995. ISBN 0-30002-10112523660-0.1
*Esdaile, CharlesGates, JDavid. ''The PeninsularSpanish WarUlcer: A New History of the Peninsular War.'' AllenDa Lane,Capo 2002,Press 2001. ISBN 0-14306-02737081083-0.2
*Esdaile, CharlesGlover, JMichael. ''The Spanish Army in the Peninsular War 1807-1814.'' ManchesterPenguin UniversityBooks Press, 1988,2003. ISBN 0-719014-2538139041-9.7
▲* Henriques, Mendo. ''Salamanca.'' Lisbon, 2002. ISBN 972-8563-80-9
*Fletcher, Ian ''Peninsular War; Aspects of the Struggle for the Iberian Peninsula'' Spellmount Publishers, 2003, ISBN 1-873376-82-0.▼
▲* [[William Francis Patrick Napier|Napier, William]]. ''The War in the Peninsula'' (6 vols), London: John Murray (Vol 1), and private (Vols 2-6), 1828-40.
*Fletcher, Ian (ed.) ''The Campaigns of Wellington'', (3 vols), Vol 1. The Peninsular War 1808–1811; Vol. 2. The Peninsular War 1812–1814, The Folio Society, 2007.▼
*Goya [[Charles Oman|Oman, FranciscoCharles]]. ''The DisastersHistory of the Peninsular War'' Dover(7 Publicationsvols), 1967Oxford, ISBN 0-486-218721903-430.
▲* Sunderland, Mark. ''The Fatal Hill: The Allied Campaign under Beresford in Southern Spain in 1811.'' Thompson Publishing, London 2002. *ISBN 0-9522930-7-2 ([http://www.napoleon-series.org/reviews/military/c_fatalhill.html Long Review])
*Griffith, Paddy ''A History of the Peninsular War: Modern Studies of the War in Spain and Portugal, 1808-14 v. 9'' Greenhill Books, 1999, ISBN 1-85367-348-X.▼
*Lovett, GabrielUrban, HMark. ''NapoleonRifles: andSix theyears Birthwith ofWellington's Modernlegendary Spainsharpshooters'' NewPub YorkFaber UP,& 1965Faber, 2003. *ISBN 0-8147571-026721681-8.1
▲* Urban, Mark. ''The Man who Broke Napoleon's Codes.'' Faber and Faber Ltd, London 2001. ISBN 0-571-20513-5,
*Suchet, Marshal Duke D'Albufera ''Memoirs of the War in Spain'' Pete Kautz, 2007, 2 volumes: ISBN 1-85818-477-0 & ISBN 1-85818-476-2.▼
* Esdaile, Charles J. ''Fighting Napoleon'' Yale University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-300-10112-0.
▲*Glover Esdaile, MichaelCharles J. ''The Peninsular War: 1807-1814.A New History'' PenguinAllen BooksLane, 2003.2002, ISBN 0-14-139041027370-70.
▲*Gates Esdaile, DavidCharles J. ''The Spanish Ulcer:Army A History ofin the Peninsular War.'' DaManchester CapoUniversity Press, 2001.1988, ISBN 0-3067190-810832538-29.
▲* Fletcher, Ian ''Peninsular War; Aspects of the Struggle for the Iberian Peninsula'' Spellmount Publishers, 2003, ISBN 1-873376-82-0.
▲* Fletcher, Ian (ed.) ''The Campaigns of Wellington'', (3 vols), Vol 1. The Peninsular War 1808–1811; Vol. 2. The Peninsular War 1812–1814, The Folio Society, 2007.
* Goya, Francisco ''The Disasters of War'' Dover Publications, 1967, ISBN 0-486-21872-4.
▲* Griffith, Paddy ''A History of the Peninsular War: Modern Studies of the War in Spain and Portugal, 1808-14 v. 9'' Greenhill Books, 1999, ISBN 1-85367-348-X.
* Lovett, Gabriel H. ''Napoleon and the Birth of Modern Spain'' New York UP, 1965, ISBN 0-8147-0267-8.
▲* Suchet, Marshal Duke D'Albufera ''Memoirs of the War in Spain'' Pete Kautz, 2007, 2 volumes: ISBN 1-85818-477-0 & ISBN 1-85818-476-2.
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cruel_war_in_Spain.html The Cruel War in Spain - Armies, Battles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070301061414/http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cruel_war_in_Spain.html |date=2007-03-01 }}
* [http://www.bicentenariobailen.com Bicentenario de la Batalla de Bailen]
* [http://www.peninsularwar.org/ Peninsular War]
* [http://www.redcoat.info/memindex3.htm List of British Peninsular War officer deaths] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051124082444/http://www.redcoat.info/memindex3.htm |date=2005-11-24 }}
* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part5.htm#nap Royal Engineers Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060520194310/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part5.htm#nap |date=2006-05-20 }} Royal Engineers and the Napoleonic Wars
* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/campaign/rem_campaign_peninsular.htm Royal Engineers Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505013817/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/campaign/rem_campaign_peninsular.htm |date=2009-05-05 }} The Engineers and the Peninsular War (1808-14)
* [http://www.wtj.com/archives/wellington/ Wellington's dispatches from the Peninsular War and Waterloo: 1808 - 1815]
* [http://pwp.netcabo.pt/netmendo/gp%20documenta.htm The British Army in Portugal and Spain: Its Order-of-Battle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071103163014/http://pwp.netcabo.pt/netmendo/gp%20documenta.htm |date=2007-11-03 }}
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{militer-stub}}▼
 
[[Kategori:Perang Kemerdekaan]]
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan PerancisPrancis]]
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Spanyol]]
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Britania Raya]]
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Portugal]]
 
 
[[an:Guerra d'a Independencia Espanyola]]
▲{{militer-stub}}
[[bg:Полуостровна война]]
[[ca:Guerra del Francès]]
[[cs:Španělská válka za nezávislost]]
[[de:Napoleonische Kriege auf der Iberischen Halbinsel]]
[[en:Peninsular War]]
[[eo:Milito de Hispana Sendependiĝo]]
[[es:Guerra de la Independencia Española]]
[[eu:Iberiar Penintsulako Gerra]]
[[fr:Guerre d'indépendance espagnole]]
[[ga:Cogadh na Saoirse (An Spáinn)]]
[[gl:Guerra da Independencia española]]
[[hr:Španjolski rat za neovisnost]]
[[hu:Félszigeti háború]]
[[it:Guerra d'indipendenza spagnola]]
[[ja:半島戦争]]
[[ko:반도 전쟁]]
[[nl:Spaanse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog]]
[[no:Den spanske selvstendighetskrigen]]
[[pl:Wojny napoleońskie w Hiszpanii i Portugalii]]
[[pt:Guerra Peninsular]]
[[ro:Războiul peninsular]]
[[ru:Война на Пиренейском полуострове]]
[[sr:Шпански рат за независност]]
[[sv:Spanska självständighetskriget]]
[[tr:Yarımada Savaşı]]
[[zh:半岛战争]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Perang_Kemerdekaan_Spanyol"