Filamen PH: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Filamen PH''' ({{lang-en|neurofibrillary tangle, paired helical filaments, PHF}}) adalah tumpukan [[protein]] yang ditemukan pertama kali oleh [[Alois Alzheimer]] di dalam [[neuron]] penderita [[Alzheimer]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=alzi|date=2019-06-15|title=Apa yang menyebabkan demensia?|url=https://alzi.or.id/apa-yang-menyebabkan-demensia/|website=Alzheimer Indonesia|language=en|access-date=2024-09-28}}</ref>
Filamen ini terbentuk dari berbagai [[isomer]]<ref>{{en}} {{cite web
==Rujukan==▼
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2484340
{{reflist}}▼
| title = Multiple isoforms of human microtubule-associated protein tau: sequences and localization in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease
| accessdate = 2010-06-27
| work = Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England; Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Jakes R, Rutherford D, Crowther RA.
| archive-date = 2019-12-15
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191215025836/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2484340
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> [[protein tau]]<ref>{{en}} {{cite web
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3131773
| title = Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding a core protein of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease: identification as the microtubule-associated protein tau
| accessdate = 2010-06-27
| work = Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Goedert M, Wischik CM, Crowther RA, Walker JE, Klug A.
| archive-date = 2019-04-01
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190401194515/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3131773
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> - sebuah [[protein]] yang berperan dalam perakitan dan pemeliharaan struktur [[mikrotubula]] - mengalami [[hiperfosforilasi]] sehingga memecahkan struktur [[mikrotubula]]. Radikal protein tau kemudian berhimpun menjadi filamen PH di dalam [[soma]].<ref name="PM20553310">{{en}} {{cite web
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553310
| title = The Role of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders
| accessdate = 2010-06-21
| work = Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California; Medeiros R, Baglietto-Vargas D, Laferla FM.
| archive-date = 2019-12-25
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191225004208/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553310
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>
Hiperfosforilasi terjadi karena terjadi kerusakan transduksi sinyal seluler yang disebabkan oleh tid ak seimbangnya aktivitas [[protein]] dari beberapa [[enzim]] [[fosfatase]] dan [[kinase]],<ref name="PM20553310" /> seperti ''calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II'', ''[[glycogen synthase kinase-3beta]]'' dan ''cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5''.<ref>{{en}} {{cite web
[[Kategori:Biologi sel]]▼
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18194444
| title = Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration: significance, etiopathogenesis, therapeutics and prevention
| accessdate = 2010-06-21
| work = Department of Neurochemistry New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I.
| archive-date = 2016-06-11
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160611142209/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18194444
| dead-url = no
}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite web
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17241267
| title = Kinases and phosphatases and tau sites involved in Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration
| accessdate = 2010-06-21
| work = Pathophysiology Department, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wang JZ, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K.
| archive-date = 2017-07-15
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170715052648/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17241267
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> Proses kimiawi ini dapat diredam dengan meningkatkan aktivitas [[enzim]] [[fosfoseril protein fosfatase]]<ref>{{en}} {{cite web
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15270196
| title = Inhibition of neurofibrillary degeneration: a promising approach to Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies
| accessdate = 2010-06-21
| work = Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I.
| archive-date = 2023-07-21
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230721053109/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15270196/
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> dan [[fosfotreonil protein fosfatase]].<ref>{{en}} {{cite web
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10961432
| title = Mechanism of neurofibrillary degeneration and pharmacologic therapeutic approach
| accessdate = 2010-06-21
| work = New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Alonso AD, Gondal JA, Gong CX, Haque N, Khatoon S, Sengupta A, Wang JZ, Grundke-Iqbal I.
| archive-date = 2019-04-10
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190410171022/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10961432
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>
▲== Rujukan ==
▲{{reflist}}
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