Rostov na Donu: Perbedaan antara revisi
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k bot Membuang: vi:Rostov-on-Don |
k Bot: Mengganti kategori yang dialihkan Kota di Rusia menjadi Kota dan kota kecil di Rusia |
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Baris 1:
{{Current related||Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina 2022}}
{{Infobox Russian city
|en_name=Rostov na Donu
|ru_name=Ростов-на-Дону
|image_skyline=Rostov-on-Don Collage.jpg
|image_caption=Views of Rostov-on-Don
|latd=47
|latm=14
|lats=
|longd=39
|longm=42
|longs=
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Rostov-on-Don.svg
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Rostov-na-Donu flag.svg
|flag_caption=
|anthem=''tidak ada''
|anthem_ref=<ref name="Anthem">The official symbols of Rostov-on-Don enumerated in Decision #267 do not include the anthem.</ref>
|holiday=Third Sunday of September
|holiday_ref=<ref name="Holiday">Charter of Rostov-on-Don, Article 4</ref>
|federal_subject=[[Rostov Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref133" />
|adm_data_as_of=November 2014
|adm_city_jur=Rostov-na-Donu [[City of federal subject significance|Urban Okrug]]
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref133" />
|adm_ctr_of1=Rostov Oblast
|adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="AdmCtr1">Charter of Rostov-on-Don, Article 1</ref>
|adm_ctr_of2=Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
|adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref133" />
|inhabloc_cat=Kota
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref133" />
|mun_data_as_of=November 2008
|urban_okrug_jur=Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref871" />
|mun_admctr_of=Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref871" />
|leader_title=Head
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Charter of Rostov-on-Don, Article 35.1</ref>
|leader_name=Zinaida Neyarokhina
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="HeadNm">Official website of Rostov-on-Don. [http://www.rostov-gorod.ru/?ID=28025 Biography of Zinaida Vasilyevna Neyarokhina] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703134936/http://www.rostov-gorod.ru/?ID=28025 |date=2018-07-03 }}, the Head of Rostov-on-Don {{ru icon}}</ref>
|representative_body=[[Duma Kota Rostov na Donu|Duma Kota]]
|representative_body_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis" />
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=348.5
|area_km2_ref=<ref name="Area">{{cite web|url=http://www.rostov-gorod.ru/?ID=6540|title=About the City|work=Official website of Rostov-on-Don|language=ru|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6IqLJYWWp?url=http://www.rostov-gorod.ru/?ID=6540|archivedate=2013-08-13|access-date=2016-03-20|dead-url=no}}</ref>
|pop_2010census=1089261
|pop_2010census_rank=ke-10
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=1109800
|pop_latest_date=January 2014
|pop_latest_ref=<ref name="2014Est">Rostov Oblast Territorial Branch of the [[Russian Federal State Statistics Service|Federal State Statistics Service]]. [http://rostov.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/rostov/resources/8cc0c50046e82b5ea1feb987789c42f5/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D1%81+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.pdf Cities with Populations of 100,000 and Over] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702032227/http://rostov.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/rostov/resources/8cc0c50046e82b5ea1feb987789c42f5/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D1%81+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.pdf |date=2017-07-02 }} {{ru icon}}</ref>
|established_date=1749
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=<ref name="gr" />
|current_cat_date=1796
|current_cat_date_ref=<ref name="gr" />
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=344000–344002, 344004, 344006, 344007, 344009–344013, 344015, 344016, 344018–344023, 344025, 344029, 344030, 344032–344034, 344037–344039, 344041, 344045, 344048, 344050, 344052, 344055, 344056, 344058, 344064, 344065, 344068, 344069, 344072, 344079, 344082, 344090–344095, 344101, 344103, 344111–344114, 344116, 344700, 344880, 344890, 344899, 344960–344965, 344999, 901078, 995100
|dialing_codes=863
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://www.rostov-gorod.ru
|website_ref=
|date=April 2010
}}
[[Berkas:Rostovondon1.jpg|jmpl|ka|Pasar Sentral dekat Katedral Kelahiran.]]
'''Rostov na Donu''' ({{lang-ru|Росто́в-на-Дону́}}, ''Rostov-na-Donu'', [[bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]: Rostov-on-Don) adalah pusat
{{coor dm|47|14|N|39|42|E|}}. Penduduknya berjumlah 1.
<!--Dekat perbatasan [[Ukraina]]. Penduduknya berjumlah 1.
== Sejarah ==
Dari segi perdagangan maupun kebudayaan muara Sungai Don memainkan peranan yang sangat penting sejak zaman dahulu. Ini adalah lokasi [[koloni Yunani]] Tanais, benteng [[Genoa]] Tana, dan benteng Azov milik [[Kerajaan Ottoman|Turki]]. (Lihat artikel tetang [[Azov]] untuk informasi lebih terinci tentang pemukiman-pemukiman tersebut.)
Rostov na Donu pada hakikatnya didirikan pada [[1749]], ketika sebuah kantor pajak dibangun di tepi Sungai Don, yang segera diikuti dengan sebuah benteng besar. Kota ini dinamai sesuai dengan nama Santo [[Dimitrius dari Rostov]], seorang uskup yang baru dan dihormati dari kota lama di utara [[Rostov Agung]]. Sementara Azov perlahan-lahan merosot kedudukannya, sebuah pemukiman dekat benteng yang baru itu menggantikan kedudukannya yang penting sebagai pusat perdagangan utama wilayah itu. Pada [[1796]] pemukiman ini mendapatkan hak sebagai kota dan diganti namanya menjadi Rostov na Donu, untuk membedakannya dari namanya yang lama.
<!--[[Berkas:Rostov adm.JPG|thumb|right|The building of the administration of Rostov Oblast and the monument of the Red Army]] The Don River that the city is named for is a major shipping lane connecting southwestern Russia with regions to the north, and Rostov-on-Don is an important river port in both passenger-oriented and industrial shipping. With such a good geographical position, the city grew rapidly. As the most heavily industrialized city of South Russia, it was a bone of contention between the [[White movement|Whites]] and the [[Bolshevik]]s during the [[Russian Civil War|Civil War]]. By [[1928]], the regional government was moved from the old [[Cossack]] capital [[Novocherkassk]] to Rostov, which also engulfed the nearby [[Armenia]]n town of [[Nakhichevan-on-Don]].
[[Berkas:Rostovondon2.jpg|thumb|right|Don river in Rostov.]]
In the [[Soviet]] years, the [[Bolsheviks]] demolished two of Rostov's principal landmarks - St Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (1908) and St George Cathedral in Nakhichevan (1783-1807). Much of the city was reduced to rubble by the [[Germany|German]] forces who occupied it thrice - in 1918, 1941 and 1942. Nowadays, the most conspicuous feature of the downtown is the enormous Cathedral of Virgin's Nativity (1860-87), designed by [[Konstantin Thon]].
The city was also the home of Russia's most notorious [[serial killer]] [[Andrei Chikatilo]] (though he was not actually born there).
Baris 29 ⟶ 100:
* [[Dortmund]], [[Jerman]]
* [[Pleven]]
* [[Le Mans]], [[
* [[Mobile, Alabama]], [[Amerika Serikat]]
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{commonscat}}
* [http://olden.rostov.ru/enter/11.htm Old views of Rostov-on-the-Don] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060128064844/http://olden.rostov.ru/enter/11.htm |date=2006-01-28 }}
* [http://rostov.rsu.ru/sobor/index.htm Churches of Rostov-on-the-Don] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051028201625/http://rostov.rsu.ru/sobor/index.htm |date=2005-10-28 }}
* {{ru icon}} [http://www.rostov.ru/ Rostov's Entertainment Site]
* {{ru icon}} [http://www.rostov-gorod.ru/ Official Rostov's Administration Site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102190119/http://www.rostov-gorod.ru/ |date=2011-01-02 }}
* [http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/x-ussr/100k/L-37-032.jpg Soviet topographic map 1:100,000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051031014817/http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/x-ussr/100k/L-37-032.jpg |date=2005-10-31 }}
* [http://www.bfcollection.net/cities/russia/rostovdon/rostovdon.html Historic images of Rostov]
* {{en icon}} [http://eng.russ-yug.ru/section/1/ News and events of Rostov-on-Don] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930185741/http://eng.russ-yug.ru/section/1/ |date=2007-09-30 }}
* {{ru icon}} {{de icon}} [http://www.frdip.rsu.ru/deutsch Independent Russian-German Institute of Journalism Rostov on Don, FRDIP (Freies Russisch Deutsches Institut für Publizistik Rostow am Don, FRDIP)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512031728/http://www.frdip.rsu.ru/deutsch/ |date=2006-05-12 }}
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[[Kategori:Kota dan kota kecil di Rusia]]
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