Pelarangan di Amerika Serikat: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|image1=Every Day Will Be Sunday When the Town Goes Dry sheet music 1918.jpg|width1=200|image2=Every Day Will Be Sunday When the Town Goes Dry - Edward Meeker (1919).ogg|width2=200|footer=''Every Day Will Be Sunday When the Town Goes Dry'' (1918-1919)}}
'''Pelarangan di Amerika Serikat''', juga dikenal sebagai '''The Noble Experiment''', adalah masa mulai 1920 hingga 1933 ketika penjualan, pembuatan, dan penyebaran [[minuman alkohol|alkohol]] dilarang secara nasional<ref name="test">[http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2007/2/2007_2_70.shtml Wayne Curtis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917003441/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2007/2/2007_2_70.shtml |date=2009-09-17 }} "Bootleg Paradise," ''American Heritage'', April/May 2007.</ref> seperti yang diamanatkan dalam [[
Di bawah tekanan dari
"[[Undang-Undang Volstead]]", nama populer untuk Undang-Undang Pelarangan Nasional, disahkan melalui [[Kongres Amerika Serikat|Kongres]] dengan [[veto]] [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] pada 28 Oktober 1919 dan menetapkan definisi hukum terhadap minuman keras memabukkan disertai hukuman bagi siapapun yang memproduksinya.<ref name="nih2006">"Beer: A History of Brewing in Chicago", Bob Skilnik, Baracade Books, 2006 and The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, [http://www.alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/index.asp?SEC=%7B3ECBC0E9-7449-48A2-B50F-8527B115780D%7D&Type=B_BASIC]</ref> Meski UU Volstead melarang penjualan alkohol, pemerintah federal hanya bertindak sedikit dalam penegakan hukum. Pada 1925, di [[New York City]] saja, terdapat 30.000 hingga 100.000 klub [[speakeasy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/volstead-act/ |title=Teaching With Documents: The Volstead Act and Related Prohibition Documents |publisher=United States National Archives |date=2008-02-14 |accessdate=2009-03-24}}</ref>
Sementara Pelarangan berhasil mengurangi jumlah minuman keras yang dikonsumsi, namun malah mengacaukan masyarakat dengan cara lain, mendorong perkembangan aktivitas kriminal bawah tanah yang merajalela, terorganisir dan meluas.<ref name="t100524">{{Cite news
Pada 22 Maret 1933, Presiden [[Franklin Roosevelt]] mengesahkan sebuah
== Catatan kaki ==
{{Reflist}}
== Bahan pustaka ==
* Behr, Edward. (1996). ''Prohibition: Thirteen Years That Changed America''. New York: Arcade Publishing. ISBN 1-
* Burns, Eric. (2003). ''The Spirits of America: A Social History of Alcohol''. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. ISBN 1-
* Clark, Norman H. (1976). ''Deliver Us from Evil: An Interpretation of American Prohibition''. New York: Norton. ISBN 0-393-05584-1.
* Kahn, Gordon, and Al Hirschfeld. (1932, rev. 2003). ''The Speakeasies of 1932''. New York: Glenn Young Books. ISBN 1-
* Kobler, John. (1973). ''Ardent Spirits: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition''. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0-399-11209-X.
* Lerner, Michael A. (2007). ''Dry Manhattan: Prohibition in New York City''. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-02432-X.
* Murdoch, Catherine Gilbert. (1998). ''Domesticating Drink: Women, Men, and Alcohol in America, 1870-1940''. Baltimore: [[Johns Hopkins University Press]]. ISBN 0-
* Okrent, Daniel. (2010). ''Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition''. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-
* Peck, Garrett. (2009). ''The Prohibition Hangover: Alcohol in America from Demon Rum to Cult Cabernet''. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-
* Pegram, Thomas R. (1998). ''Battling Demon Rum: The Struggle for a Dry America, 1800-1933''. [[Chicago]]: Ivan R. Dee. ISBN 1-
* Waters, Harold. (1971). ''Smugglers of Spirits: Prohibition and the Coast Guard Patrol''. New York: Hastings House. ISBN 0-
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://eh.net/encyclopedia/miron.prohibition.alcohol.php Alcohol prohibition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829170243/http://eh.net/encyclopedia/miron.prohibition.alcohol.php |date=2012-08-29 }} (ensiklopedia [[sejarah ekonomi]] EH.Net)
* [http://www.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/miron/files/drunk_revised_for_el.pdf The Effect of Alcohol Prohibition on Alcohol Consumption (PDF)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916232734/http://www.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/miron/files/drunk_revised_for_el.pdf |date=2011-09-16 }}
* [http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=441 Hypertext History — U.S. Prohibition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060225000250/http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=441 |date=2006-02-25 }}
* [http://historyofalcoholanddrugs.typepad.com/alcohol_and_drugs_history/prohibition/index.html Prohibition news page] — [[Alcohol and Drugs History Society]]
* [http://history1900s.about.com/od/1920s/p/prohibition.htm About.com: Prohibition (in the U.S.)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807092510/http://history1900s.about.com/od/1920s/p/prohibition.htm |date=2011-08-07 }}
* [http://www.druglibrary.org/Prohibitionresults.htm Did Prohibition Reduce Alcohol Consumption and Crime?]
* [http://druglibrary.org/schaffer/Library/studies/wick/index.html Report on the Enforcement of the Prohibition Laws of the United States by the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement (Wickersham Commission Report on Alcohol Prohibition)]
* [http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/history/e1920/senj1926/Default.htm Senate Judiciary Committee Hearings on Alcohol Prohibition — 1926]
* [http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-157.html Policy Analysis — Alcohol Prohibition Was A Failure]
* [http://www.johnsonsdepot.com/chicago/chicago.htm Prohibition in Appalachia: "Little Chicago" The Story of Johnson City,Tennessee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061201174231/http://www.johnsonsdepot.com/chicago/chicago.htm |date=2006-12-01 }}
* [http://harrybrowne.org/GLO/DrugWar.htm Free from the Nightmare of Prohibition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060223020017/http://harrybrowne.org/GLO/DrugWar.htm |date=2006-02-23 }} (oleh [[Harry Browne]])
* [http://www.old-picture.com/prohibition-index-001.htm Historic Images of US Prohibition]
* [http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/37542/prohibition-how-dry-we-aint Prohibition: How Dry We Ain't] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112215855/http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/37542/prohibition-how-dry-we-aint |date=2010-11-12 }} - presentasi oleh ''[[Life magazine]]''
▲[[Kategori:Amerika Serikat dalam tahun 1920-an]]
[[Kategori:Amerika Serikat dalam tahun 1930]]
[[Kategori:Amerika Serikat dalam tahun 1931]]
[[Kategori:Amerika Serikat dalam tahun 1932]]
[[Kategori:Amerika Serikat dalam tahun 1933]]
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