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{{Infobox artifact
| name = Kuda nil Allenton
| image = [[FileBerkas:Allenton Hippo display at Derby Museum.JPG|240px|alt=Museum display case containing a hippopotamus skeleton]]
| image_caption = Kerangka kuda nil Allenton dipamerkan [[Museum dan Galeri Seni Derby]]| material = Bone
| size = Panjang: {{convert|3|m|in|abbr=on}}<br/>
Baris 12:
| registration =
}}
'''Kuda nil Allenton''' adalah kerangka [[kuda nil]] (''Hippopotamus amphibius'') yang ditemukan di [[Allenton, Derby]], [[Inggris]] pada tahun 1895.<ref name="derbyshire">{{en}} {{cite book|last=Arnold Bemrose|first=H.H.|title=Derbyshire|year=1910|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=172|quote=In 1896, the author and Mr R.M. Deeley obtained the greater portion of the skeleton of a hippopotamus, together with part of the breast-bone of an elephant and of the femur of a rhinoceros, in the Derwent gravel at Allenton, immediately to the south of Derby. These bones are now in the Museum at Derby.|url=http://www.archive.org/stream/derbyshire00arnouoft/derbyshire00arnouoft_djvu.txt|accessdate=23 December 2010|page=53}}</ref> Kerangka ini dipamerkan di [[Museum dan Galeri Seni Derby]] dan panjangnya {{convert|3|m}}. Kemudian diperingati dengan didirikannya patung dekat dimanadi mana kerangka kuda nil ini ditemukan.<ref name="archer">{{en}} {{cite web|last=Archer|first=Michael Dan|title=Derby Sculpture|url=http://www.archersculpture.co.uk/dc.php|publisher=archersculpture.co.uk|accessdate=5 January 2011|archive-date=2011-06-04|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5zBwfoB3K?url=http://www.archersculpture.co.uk/dc.php|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
== Sejarah ==
Di pinggiran Derby yang disebut [[Allenton, Derby|Allenton]] dulunya ada sebuah desa berjarak {{convert|5|km|sigfig=1}} dari Derby. Ketika dilakukan penggalian sumur di Crown Inn yang dilakukan pada Maret 1895, pekerjaan terhenti ketika para penggali mencium bau yang tidak enak dan kemudian menemukan tulang besar yang tidak biasa. Beberapa masyarakat terkenal sepakat untuk membiayai penggalian untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dan menyetujui bahwa penemuan harus diinformasikan pada masyarakat. Lubang galian diperluas sampai {{convert|4.5|sqm}} di tempat itu dan meskipun di kedalaman tergenang air, yang sampai {{convert|1.8|m|ft|sigfig=1}} dari permukaan. Pompa digunakan dan parabanyak pekerja dikerahkan karena lubang tidak dapat digali lebih dalam lagi. Proses ini diawasi oleh H.H. Bemrose dan R.M. Deeley yang kemudian membuat rekening pembiayaan penggalian.<ref name="bemrose">{{en}} {{cite journal|last=Arnold Bemrose|first=H.H.|coauthors=R.M.Deeley|title=Discovery of Mammalian Remains in the Old River-gravels of the Derwent near Derby|journal=J. of the Geological Society|year=1896|month=August|accessdate=23 December 2010}}</ref> Seperti disetujui oleh orang-orang yang mendanai, tulang-tulang itu diserahkan ke Museum Derby yang sudah dibuka 16 tahun.<ref>[http://www.derby.gov.uk/LeisureCulture/MuseumsGalleries/TreasuresOfDerby Derby Museum Treasures] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110507000028/http://www.derby.gov.uk/LeisureCulture/MuseumsGalleries/TreasuresOfDerby |date=2011-05-07 }}, accessed 7 February 2011</ref>
[[Berkas:Derby Allenton Hippo skull with QR code.jpg|jmpl|kiri|Rahang bawah Kuda nil Allenton dan [[Kode QR]] yang bisa menghubungkan [[telepon pintar]] dengan artikel di Wikipedia]]
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Mereka akhirnya menemukan 127 tulang yang kebanyakan berasal dari kuda nil, sebagian adalah tulang badak dan gajah. Arnold Bemrose menyimpulkan dari tulang-tulang ini yang memberikan bukti bahwa tanah Inggris pernah terhubung ke daratan Eropa, karena ini adalah bukti kuat bahwa tulang-tulang sejenis ditemukan di Inggris, Eropa dan di Laut Utara.<ref name="derbyshire"/>
The suburb of Derby called [[Allenton, Derby|Allenton]] used to be a village {{convert|5|km|sigfig=1}} from Derby. Digging of a new well at the Crown Inn in the village was undertaken in March 1895, but work stopped when the diggers discovered first a bad smell and then large and unusual bones. Several notable people agreed to fund further investigations and it was agreed that the findings should be shared with the community. The hole was extended until it was {{convert|4.5|sqm}} in area although the depth was concealed by water, which rose to within {{convert|1.8|m|ft|sigfig=1}} of the surface. Pumps were obtained and men were employed to power them in order that the hole could be dug further. These proceedings were observed by H.H. Bemrose and R.M. Deeley who later wrote an account of the digging.<ref name="bemrose">{{cite journal|last=Arnold Bemrose|first=H.H.|coauthors=R.M.Deeley|title=Discovery of Mammalian Remains in the Old River-gravels of the Derwent near Derby|journal=J. of the Geological Society|year=1896|month=August|accessdate=23 December 2010}}</ref> As agreed by the people who funded it the bones were given to Derby Museum which had then been open for sixteen years.<ref>[http://www.derby.gov.uk/LeisureCulture/MuseumsGalleries/TreasuresOfDerby Derby Museum Treasures], accessed 7 February 2011</ref>
[[File:Derby Allenton Hippo skull with QR code.jpg|thumb|left|Lower jaw of Allenton Hippo and [[QR Code]] that links smart phones to this article]]
They eventually discovered 127 bones that came mostly from a hippopotamus, with a few belonging to rhinoceros and elephant. Arnold Bemrose took these bones as supporting evidence that Britain had a land bridge to Europe, as this was the most obvious explanation for such bones being found in England, Europe and underneath the North Sea.<ref name="derbyshire"/>
 
TheKuda nil Allenton hippodan andtulang-tulang otherhewan animallainnya remains fromdari [[Boulton Moor]] allsemuanya originatedberasal fromdari afitur featureyang knowndikenal assebagai the''Teras Allenton Terrace'' - asebuah deposit ofendapan riverbebatuan gravelssungai somesekitar {{convert|6|m}} abovedi the level of thelapisan moderntanah [[RiverSungai Derwent, Derbyshire|RiverSungai Derwent]]. TheEndapan depositsberasal havedari beenmasa dated to the [[Eemian|''Ipswichian Interglacial]]'', approximatelysekitar 120,.000 yearstahu agolalu. TheKehadiran presencekuda ofnil amenandakan hippopotamussuhu indicatesudara thatlebih the climate washangat warmerdibanding thansaat todayini. TheMusim wintersdingin wouldtidak haveselamanya nobeku prolongeddan periodssuhu ofrata-rata frostmusim andpanas thesekitar averagedelapan summerbelas temperature would have been above eighteen degreesderajat [[Celsius]].<ref>{{en}} {{cite journal |last=van Kolfschoten |first=Th. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2000 |month= |title=The Eemian mammal fauna of central Europe |journal=Netherlands Journal of Geosciences |volume=79 |issue=2/3 |pages=269–281 |id= |url=http://www.njgonline.nl/publish/articles/000099/article.pdf |accessdate=2 February 2011 |quote=...the hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius, and the water buffalo, Bubalus murrensis, present in the Eemian fauna, indicate a climate with relatively high summer temperatures (mean July temperature > 18&nbsp;°C) and the absence of periods of severe or long-lasting winter frost }}</ref>
with relatively high summer temperatures (mean July temperature > 18°C) and the absence of periods of severe or long-lasting winter frost }}</ref>
 
== Penemuan berikutnya ==
==Later discoveries==
[[FileBerkas:Laser scanning of fossil hippo tooth at Loughborough University.jpg|thumbjmpl|rightka|LaserPemindaian scanninglaser Allentongigi Hippotaring caninekuda toothnil atAllenton di [[Universitas Loughborough University]]]]
Pada Juli 1973 pekerja menemukan lagi serpihan tulang ketika menggali dekat [[Boulton Moor]] - beberapa juga dipamerkan di [[Museum dan Galeri Seni Derby]]. Penggalian ini, untuk saluran air, menemukan tulan-tulang beruang, rusa, kerbau dan beberapa tulang kuda nil, badak dan gajah. Penemuan ini meski hanya satu atau dua tulang - namun menjadi penemuan bagus yaitu gigi terbesar kuda nil yang pernah ditemukan di Inggris.<ref name="grange">{{en}} {{cite book|last=Grange|first=William|title=When Hippos ... Swam in the Derwent|year=2003|publisher=Derby Museum and Art Gallery}}</ref>
[[FileBerkas:Allenton Hippo Sculpture by Michael Dan Archer Installed Aug2007.jpg|thumbjmpl|leftkiri|SculpturePatung di pusat inbelanja [[Allenton, Derby|Allenton]] shopping centre]]▼
Tahun 2006 [[Michael Dan Archer]] membiayai pembuatan patung untuk ditaruh di [[Allenton, Derby|Allenton]]. Diskusi di Allenton menghasilkan keinginan masyarakat disitu untuk sesuatu yang merefleksikan sejarah daerahnya. Patung Archer terdiri dari tiga bagian cincin yang terputus dari granit hitam yang berukuran setara tempat duduk. Di atas granit mengkilat terdapat beberapa tiruan tulang dari kerangka kuda nil yang dibut dari besi cor. Bagian dari taring bawah, yang dicor dari model tanah liat, serta beberapa tulang pilihan lainnya dari Museum Derby sampai [[Universitas Loughborough]] yang dipindai dengan laser untuk mendapatkan model komputer 3 dimensi. Dengan model ini bisa dibuat tiruan persis dari tulang yang dipilih Archer untuk dibuat cor besinya.<ref name="archer" />
 
== Referensi ==▼
In July 1973 workers discovered other bone fragments whilst digging in nearby [[Boulton Moor]] - some of which are also displayed in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery]]. These excavations, for a sewer, uncovered bones from bear, deer, ox and more bones from hippopotamus, rhinoceros and elephants. These findings were just one or two bones - the best discovery was one of the largest hippo teeth found in Britain.<ref name="grange">{{cite book|last=Grange|first=William|title=When Hippos ... Swam in the Derwent|year=2003|publisher=Derby Museum and Art Gallery}}</ref>
[[en:{{commonscat|Allenton hippopotamus]]}}▼
 
▲[[File:Allenton Hippo Sculpture by Michael Dan Archer Installed Aug2007.jpg|thumb|left|Sculpture in [[Allenton, Derby|Allenton]] shopping centre]]
 
In 2006 [[Michael Dan Archer]] was commissioned to create a sculpture for [[Allenton, Derby|Allenton]]. Discussions in Allenton revealed a desire within the community to have something that reflected the area's history. Archer's sculpture consists of three sections of a broken ring of black granite of sufficient size to form a seat. Above the polished granite surface are set cast-iron copies of bones from the hippo's skeleton. Apart from the lower jaw, which was cast from a clay model, a selection of other bones were taken from Derby Museum to [[Loughborough University]] where they were laser-scanned to create a 3D computer model. This model then allowed exact copies of the bones chosen by Archer to be cast in iron.<ref name="archer" />
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▲==Referensi==
{{commonscat}}
{{reflist}}
{{Museum Derby}}
 
[[KategoryKategori:Derby]]
[[Kategori:Mamalia yang telah punah]]
 
[[Kategori:Koleksi Museum dan Galeri Seni Derby]]
[[ca:Hipopòtam d'Allenton]]
▲[[en:Allenton hippopotamus]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kuda_nil_Allenton"