Derby: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

== Sejarah ==

=== Awal mula ===

 

 

''Djúra-bý'', tercatat di [[Bahasa Inggris Kuno]] sebagai ''Deoraby'' "Pemukiman Rusa". Hikayat populer ini ditegaskan oleh Tim Lambert yang menyatakan, "Nama Derby diturunkan dari kata [[bahasa Denmark]] deor yang artinya pemukiman rusa" tanpa referensi atau bukti.<ref>http://www.localhistories.org/derby.html</ref> Namun beberapa pernyataan mengatakan itu merupakan penggalan dari kata Romawi 'Derventio'. Bukti asal usul nama "Derby" masih samar dan belum diketahui pasti.

 

 

=== Abad 16 sampai 18 ===

Pada abad 18, Derby dan [[Derbyshire]] menjadi pusat revolusi industri di Inggris. Tahun 1717 berdiri pabrik sutra yang menggunakan tenaga aliran air untuk menjalankan mesin-mesinnya. Pabrik ini dibangun oleh John Lombe dan George Sorocold. Sejarah industri ini sekarang disimpan di [[Museum Industri Derby]].

 

 

He stayed at [[Exeter House]], Exeter Street where he held his ''"[[council of war]]"''. A replica of the room is on display at [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery|Derby Museum]] in the city centre. He had received misleading information about an army coming to meet him south of Derby. Although he wished to continue with his quest, he was overruled by his fellow officers. He abandoned his invasion at [[Swarkestone Bridge]] on the [[River Trent]] just a few miles south of Derby. As a testament to his belief in his cause, the prince – who on the march from [[Scotland]] had walked at the front of the column – made the return journey on [[horseback]] at the rear of the bedraggled and tired army.

 

Each year at the beginning of December, the Charles Edward Stuart Society of Derby lead a weekend of activities culminating in a parade through the city centre and a battle on Cathedral Green.

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Derby dan Derbyshire adalah pusat [[Revolusi Industri]] Inggris. Pada 1717, Derby adalah tempat [[Museum Industri Derby|industri pemintalan sutra]] pertama di Inggris, dibangun oleh [[John Lombe]] dan [[George Sorocold]], setelah Lombe terkenal karena mencuri rahasia pemintalan sutra dari [[Piedmont]] yang kini berada di [[Italia]] (ia diduga dibunuh dengan diracun oleh orang Piedmont sebagai balas dendam pencurian rahasia industri pada 1722).

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Other famous 18th century figures with connections to Derby include [[Samuel Johnson|Dr Johnson]], the creator of the [[A Dictionary of the English Language|English dictionary]], who married [[Elizabeth Porter]] at [[St Werburgh's Church, Derby|St Werburgh's Church]] in 1735; the painter [[Joseph Wright of Derby|Joseph Wright]], known as Wright of Derby, who was famous for his revolutionary use of light in his paintings and was an associate of the [[Royal Academy]]; and [[John Whitehurst]], a famous [[clockmaker]] and [[philosopher]]. [[Erasmus Darwin]], doctor, scientist, philosopher and grandfather of [[Charles Darwin]], whose practice was based in [[Lichfield]], [[Staffordshire]] was a frequent visitor to Derby, having founded the [[Derby Philosophical Society]].

 

 

In 1840, the [[North Midland Railway]] set up [[Derby Works|its works in Derby]] and, when it merged with the [[Midland Counties Railway]] and the [[Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway]], to form the [[Midland Railway]], Derby became its [[headquarters]].

 

 

Derby was one of the boroughs reformed by the [[Municipal Corporations Act 1835]], and it became a [[county borough]] with the [[Local Government Act 1888]]. The borough expanded in 1877 to include [[Little Chester]] and [[Litchurch]], and then in 1890 to include New Normanton and Rowditch. The borough did not increase substantially again until 1968, when under a recommendation of the Local Government Boundary Commission it was expanded into large parts of the rural district of [[Belper]], [[Repton Rural District|Repton]] and [[South East Derbyshire Rural District|South East Derbyshire]]. This vastly increased Derby's population from 132,408 in the 1961 census to 219,578 in the 1971 census.<ref>http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10109700&c_id=10001043&add=N</ref>

Despite being one of the areas of Britain furthest from the sea, Derby holds a special place in the history of marine safety – it was as MP for Derby that [[Samuel Plimsoll]] introduced his bills for a '[[Plimsoll line]]' (and other marine safety measures). This failed on first introduction, but was successful in 1876 and contributed to Plimsoll's re-election as an MP.

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=== Abad 20 sampai sekarang ===

 

Pada [[Perang Dunia I]], Derby menjadi target serangan [[Zeppelin]] [[Jerman]], yang membunuh lima orang pada serangan tahun 1916 ke kota.

Derby has been granted [[Fairtrade Town|Fairtrade City]] status.

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== Referensi ==

{{Commonscat|Derby}}

* [http://www.derby.gov.uk Situs resmi]

 

[[Kategori:Derby| ]]

[[Kategori:Kota di Inggris]]