Pangeran Andrew, Adipati York: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Infobox British Royalty|royal
| name =PrincePangeran Andrew
| title =Duke of[[Adipati York]]
| image =The Duke of York headshot.jpg
|spouse =[[Sarah, Adipatni York|Sarah Ferguson]]<br />(nikah 1986; cerai 1996)
| imgw =252
|issue spouse =[[Sarah,Putri DuchessBeatrice ofdari York|Putri Beatrice]]<br (1986/>[[Putri Eugenie 1996)dari York|Putri Eugenie]]
| issue-type = Anak
| issue =[[Princess Beatrice of York]]<br />[[Princess Eugenie of York]]
|full name =Andrew Albert Christian Edward<ref name="sur">The 1960 Order-in-Council giving the surname '''[[Mountbatten-Windsor]]''' to the male-line descendants of the [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Duke of Edinburgh]] and [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Elizabeth II]] specifically refers only to such descendants without a royal title, as those with it generally have no need for a surname. Despite this, the Duke of York (like his sister) entered with this surname in the marriage register.</ref>
| full name =Andrew Albert Christian Edward Mountbatten-Windsor
| titles =''HRH'' The Duke ofAdipati York<br />''HRH'' The PrincePangeran Andrew
|house royal house =[[House ofDinasti Windsor|Windsor]] (resmi)<br>[[Wangsa Glücksburg|Glücksburg]] (jalur ayah)
| father =[[PrincePangeran Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Philip, Duke ofAdipati Edinburgh]]
| mother =[[Elizabeth II ofdari theBritania United KingdomRaya|Ratu Elizabeth II]]
|birth_date ={{Birth date and age|1960|2|19|df=yes}}
| date of birth =[[19 February]] [[1960]]
| place of birthbirth_place =[[Istana Buckingham Palace]], [[London]]
| date of christeningchristening_date =[[8 April]] [[1960]]
| place of christeningchristening_place =[[Istana Buckingham Palace]], [[London]]
| occupation =GovernmentPemerintah; prev.sebelumnya MilitaryMiliter
| module = {{infobox person | embed=yes
|}}
| education = {{plain list|
'''The Prince Andrew, Duke of York''' [[Order of the Garter|KG]], [[Royal Victorian Order|KCVO]], [[Personal Aide-de-Camp|ADC(P)]] (Andrew Albert Christian Edward [[Mountbatten-Windsor]]; born [[House of Windsor|Windsor]], [[19 February]] [[1960]]), is a member of the [[British Royal Family]], the third child and second son of [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]]. He has held the title of [[Duke of York]] since [[1986]]. The Duke of York is currently 4th in the [[Line of succession to the British throne|line of succession]], and has been since the birth of [[Prince Harry]] in 1984.
* [[Gordonstoun]]
* [[Britannia Royal Naval College]]
}}
| signature = Signature of Prince Andrew, Duke of York.svg
}}
{{Infobox military person | embed=yes
| allegiance = {{flagu|Britania Raya}}
| branch = {{navy|Britania Raya}}
| serviceyears = 1979–2001
| serviceyears_label = Tahun layanan aktif
| rank = [[Laksamana Muda (Angkatan Laut Kerajaan)|Wakil Laksamana]]
| servicenumber = <!-- Jangan gunakan data dari sumber utama seperti catatan layanan -->
| unit =
| commands =
| battles_label =
| battles = [[Perang Falkland]]
| awards =
}}
}}
{{Keluarga Kerajaan Inggris}}
 
'''Andrew Albert Christian Edward''' {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Order of the Garter|KG]], [[Royal Victorian Order|GCVO]], ADC}} ({{lahirmati|[[Istana Buckingham]], [[London]]|19|2|1960}}) adalah anggota Keluarga Kerajaan Britania Raya, anak ketiga dan putra kedua [[Elizabeth II dari Britania Raya|Ratu Elizabeth II]] dan [[Philip Mountbatten]]. Ia dianugerahi gelar Adipati (''Duke of York'') sejak [[1986]]. Adipati York pada saat ini adalah yang ke-8 dalam urutan suksesi, di bawah [[Lilibet Mountbatten-Windsor]].
The Duke of York married and subsequently divorced [[Sarah Ferguson]]. He also served in the [[Royal Navy]], seeing action in the [[Falklands War]] aboard [[HMS Invincible (R05)|HMS ''Invincible'']]. He currently serves as the United Kingdom's [[Special Representative for International Trade and Investment]].
 
Andrew menikah dan bercerai dari [[Sarah Ferguson]]. Ia juga pernah bertugas di [[Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Britania Raya]] .
==Early life==
Andrew pernah ditugasi dalam [[Perang Falkland]] tahun 1982
Andrew was born on [[19 February]] [[1960]] in the Belgian Suite of [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]]. His mother is the reigning [[British monarch]], [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]], the eldest daughter of [[George VI of the United Kingdom|King George VI]] and [[Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon|Queen Elizabeth]]. His father is [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], the eldest son of [[Prince Andrew of Greece|Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]] and [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]]. Prince Andrew was named after his paternal grandfather.
 
==Kehidupan Awal==
The Prince was baptised, in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace, on [[8 April]] [[1960]], by the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], [[Geoffrey Fisher|Dr. Geoffrey Fisher]] and his godparents were: the [[Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester|Duke of Gloucester]], [[Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy|Princess Alexandra]], [[John Elphinstone, 17th Lord Elphinstone|Lord Elphinstone]], the [[Hugh FitzRoy, 11th Duke of Grafton|Earl of Euston]] and [[Georgina Phillips|Georgina, Lady Kennard]].
[[File:G House from the South Lawn on an Autumn Afternoon.jpg|thumb|[[Gordonstoun]] sekolah Andrew di Skotlandia]]
[[File:Royal motorcade (8075978363).jpg|thumb| Ratu Elizabeth II, Pangeran Philip, Pangeran Andrew, dan Pangeran Edward pada pembukaan acara [[1978 Commonwealth Games]] di Edmonton, Alberta]]
 
Andrew dilahirkan di ruangan Belgian Suite di [[Istana Buckingham]] tanggal 19 Februari 1960 pukul 3:30 sore waktu setempat, ia merupakan anak ketiga dan putra kedua dari [[Ratu Elizabeth II]] dan [[Pangeran Philip, Adipati Edinburgh]]. Dia dibaptis di Ruang Musik pada 8 April 1960.
Andrew was the first child born to a reigning British monarch since [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria's]] youngest child, [[Princess Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg|The Princess Beatrice]], in 1857. As a child of the reigning monarch, he was styled ''His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew'' from birth.
 
Andrew adalah anak pertama yang lahir pada masa pemerintahan ibunya sejak kelahiran Putri Beatrice pada tahun 1857. Sebagaimana saudara saudaranya, [[Charles III|Charles]], [[Anne, Putri Kerajaan|Anne]], dan [[Pangeran Edward, Earl of Wessex|Edward]], Andrew diawasi oleh pengasuh, yang bertanggungjawab atas pendidikan dininya di [[Istana Buckingham]]. Dia kemudian dikirim ke [[Heatherdown School]] dekat [[Ascot]] di [[Berkshire]]. Pada bulan September 1973, Ia masuk ke [[Gordonstoun]], di [[Skotlandia Utara]], yang mana ayah dan kakaknya, Charles juga bersekolah di sana. Ia dijuluki "the Sniggerer" oleh teman sekolahnya di [[Gordonstoun]], dikarenakan "kegemarannya terhadap humor yang absurd, yang mana ia tertawa berlebihan". Selama di sana, ia menghabiskan enam bulan—dari Januari sampai Juni 1977—mengikuti sebuah program pertukaran ke [[Lakefield College School]] di [[Kanada]]. Ia lulus dari [[Gordonstoun]] bulan Juli dua tahun kemudian dengan predikat A di [[Bahasa Inggris]], [[Sejarah]], dan [[Ekonomi]].
==Education==
The Prince Andrew received his early education at home, before attending Heatherdown Preparatory School, near Ascot, Berkshire. In September [[1973]], he followed his father, The Duke of Edinburgh, and his elder brother, HRH [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince of Wales]], to [[Gordonstoun]], in [[Morayshire]], [[Scotland]]. From January to June [[1977]], Prince Andrew went on an exchange programme to [[Lakefield College School]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. He left Gordonstoun in July [[1979]] with [[A-level]]s in English, history and economics, and political science. Unlike his brothers, Prince Andrew did not attend [[university]].
 
==MilitaryKarir ServiceMiliter==
'''Angkatan Laut'''
===Joined Royal Navy (1979)===
In November [[1978]] it was announced that Prince Andrew intended joining the [[Royal Navy]] in the following year. In December he underwent various sporting tests and examinations at the [[RAF Officers' Selection Centre]], RAF [[Biggin Hill]]. Further tests and interviews were conducted at [[HMS Daedalus]], [[Lee-on-Solent]], and interviews at the [[Admiralty Interview Board]], [[HMS Sultan]]. In March and April [[1979]] he was with the [[Britannia Royal Naval College]] [[Flight]], and underwent pilot grading. He was accepted as a trainee helicopter pilot and signed on for 12 years from [[11 May]] [[1979]].
{{British Royal Family}}
Prince Andrew was appointed a [[Midshipman]] on [[1 September]] [[1979]] and entered [[Britannia Royal Naval College]], [[Dartmouth, Devon|Dartmouth]] on [[12 September]]. He also undertook the [[Royal Marine]] 'Green Beret' course during [[1980]].
 
Rumah Tangga Kerajaan mengumumkan pada November 1978 bahwa Andrew akan bergabung dengan [[Angkatan Laut Kerajaan]] pada tahun berikutnya. Pada bulan Desember, ia menjalani berbagai tes dan ujian olahraga di [[Pusat Seleksi Aircrew]], di [[RAF]] [[Biggin Hill]], bersama dengan tes dan wawancara lebih lanjut di [[HMS]] [[Daedalus]], dan wawancara di [[Dewan Wawancara Admiralty]], [[HMS]] Sultan. Selama bulan Maret dan April 1979, ia terdaftar di [[Royal Naval College Flight]], menjalani pelatihan pilot, sampai ia diterima sebagai pilot helikopter pelatihan dan menandatangani kontrak selama 12 tahun dari 11 Mei 1979. Pada 1 September tahun yang sama, Andrew diangkat sebagai taruna, dan masuk [[Britannia Royal Naval College]], [[Dartmouth]]. Selama 1979 ia juga menyelesaikan Kursus Komando Semua Senjata [[Royal Marines]] di mana ia menerima Baret Hijaunya. Dia ditugaskan sebagai sub-letnan pada 1 September 1981 dan diangkat ke Kekuatan Terlatih pada 22 Oktober.
After passing out of Dartmouth, Prince Andrew went on to elementary flying training with the [[Royal Air Force]] at [[RAF Leeming]], [[Yorkshire]], and later basic flying training with the Royal Navy at Royal Naval Air Station (RNAS) Culdrose, Cornwall, where he learned to fly the [[Aérospatiale Gazelle|Gazelle]] helicopter.
 
Setelah dari [[Dartmouth]], Andrew melanjutkan ke pelatihan terbang dasar dengan [[Royal Air Force]] di [[RAF Leeming]], dan kemudian, pelatihan terbang dasar dengan angkatan laut di [[HMS Seahawk]], di mana ia belajar menerbangkan helikopter [[Gazelle]]. Setelah diberikan sayapnya, dia pindah ke pelatihan lanjutan di helikopter [[Sea King]], dan melakukan pelatihan terbang operasional sampai tahun 1982. Dia bergabung dengan skuadron berbasis kapal induk, [[Skuadron Udara Angkatan Laut 820]], melayani di atas kapal induk, [[HMS Invincible]].
Prince Andrew later converted onto the [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] helicopter and conducting operational flying training. In [[1982]], he joined his first front-line unit 820 Naval Air Squadron, serving aboard the [[aircraft carrier]], [[HMS Invincible (R05)|HMS ''Invincible'']].
 
'''[[Perang Falkland]]'''
===Falklands War (1982)===
In [[2 April]] [[1982]] the [[Crown colony|British colony]] of the [[Falkland Islands]] was invaded by [[Argentina]], an event that led to the [[Falklands War]]. Prince Andrew's ship, HMS ''Invincible'' was one of only two operational aircraft carriers available to the Royal Navy, and as such was to play a major role in the Royal Navy taskforce being assembled to sail south to retake the islands.
 
Pada tanggal 2 April 1982, [[Argentina]] menginvasi [[Kepulauan Falkland]], wilayah seberang laut [[Inggris]] yang diklaim olehnya, yang menyebabkan [[Perang Falkland]]. [[Invincible]] adalah salah satu dari dua kapal induk operasional yang tersedia pada saat itu, dan, dengan demikian, memainkan peran utama dalam gugus tugas [[Angkatan Laut Kerajaan]] yang berkumpul untuk berlayar ke selatan untuk merebut kembali pulau-pulau tersebut.
At first the British government were apprehensive of allowing Prince Andrew to remain on ''Invincible'', and wished to move him to a desk job. The prospect of the son of the Queen being killed in action was a possibility, and the government wished to avoid such a circumstance. However, the Queen insisted that Prince Andrew be allowed to remain with his ship, and so he joined the ''Invincible'' as it sailed south, as a [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] helicopter co-pilot.
 
Tempat Andrew di kapal dan kemungkinan putra Ratu gugur dalam aksi membuat pemerintah Inggris khawatir, dan kabinet menginginkan Pangeran Andrew dipindahkan ke pekerjaan meja selama konflik. Sang Ratu, bagaimanapun, bersikeras bahwa putranya diizinkan untuk tetap berada di kapalnya. Pangeran Andrew tetap berada di kapal [[Invincible]] untuk melayani sebagai co-pilot helikopter [[Sea King]], terbang dalam misi yang mencakup perang anti-kapal selam dan perang anti-permukaan, umpan rudal [[Exocet]], evakuasi korban, transportasi, dan pencarian dan penyelamatan udara. Dia menyaksikan serangan Argentina terhadap [[SS Atlantic Conveyor]].
Throughout the conflict Prince Andrew flew on various missions, including [[ASW|Anti-Submarine Warfare]] (ASW) and [[ASUW|Anti-Surface Warfare]] search (ASUW), as well as acting as an [[Exocet]] missile decoy; a hitherto secret tactic which the Prince inadvertently revealed to journalists after the war.{{fact}} He also helped in casualty evacuation, transport and Search and Air Rescue (SAR). When the conflict ended, and ''Invincible'' returned to [[Portsmouth]], the Queen and Prince Philip joined other families of the other crew to welcome the vessel home.
 
Di akhir perang, [[Invincible]] kembali ke [[Portsmouth]], di mana [[Ratu Elizabeth II]] dan [[Pangeran Philip]] bergabung dengan keluarga kru lainnya dalam menyambut kapal pulang. Pemerintah militer [[Argentina]] dilaporkan merencanakan, tetapi tidak berusaha, untuk membunuh Andrew di [[Mustique]] pada Juli 1982. Meskipun ia memiliki tugas singkat untuk [[HMS Illustrious]], [[RNAS Culdrose]], dan [[Joint Services School of Intelligence]], Pangeran Andrew tetap bersama Invincible hingga 1983. Komandan Memoar [[Nigel Ward]], Sea Harrier Over the Falklands, menggambarkan Pangeran Andrew sebagai "pilot yang hebat dan perwira yang sangat menjanjikan."
The Prince remained with HMS ''Invincible'', with brief assignments to the carrier [[HMS Illustrious]], Culdrose, and the [[Joint Services School of Intelligence]], [[Ashford, Kent]], until 1983.
 
'''Karir sebagai Perwira'''
===Career Naval Officer (1979-2001)===
[[Image:Andrew Falklands War.jpg|thumb|200px|Prince Andrew in Port Stanley following the [[Falklands War]].]]
In late [[1983]] Prince Andrew transferred to RNAS Portland and learned to fly the [[Westland Lynx|Lynx]] helicopter. On promotion to [[Lieutenant]] on 1st February [[1984]], The Queen appointed him a Personal [[Aide-de-camp]].
 
Pada akhir 1983, Andrew dipindahkan ke [[RNAS Portland]], dan dilatih untuk menerbangkan helikopter [[Lynx]]. Pada 1 Februari 1984 ia dipromosikan ke pangkat Letnan, di mana [[Ratu Elizabeth II]] mengangkatnya sebagai ajudan pribadinya. Pangeran Andrew bertugas di [[HMS Brazen]] sebagai pilot penerbangan hingga 1986, termasuk penempatan ke [[Laut Mediterania]] sebagai bagian dari [[Standing NRF Maritime Group 2]]. Dia mengikuti kursus [[Staf Greenwich]] Letnan. Pada tanggal 23 Oktober 1986, Adipati York (seperti saat itu) dipindahkan ke Daftar Umum, terdaftar dalam kursus instruktur perang helikopter empat bulan di [[RNAS Yeovilton]], dan, setelah lulus, bertugas dari Februari 1987 hingga April 1988 sebagai perwira perang helikopter di [[Skuadron Udara Angkatan Laut 702]], [[RNAS Portland]]. Dia juga bertugas di [[HMS Edinburgh]] sebagai perwira jaga dan Asisten Perwira Navigasi hingga 1989, termasuk penempatan enam bulan ke Timur Jauh sebagai bagian dari latihan [[Outback 88]].
Later service saw the Prince aboard [[HMS Brazen (F91)|HMS ''Brazen'']] as Flight Pilot, 1984-1986 (including deployment to the Mediterranean as part of [[Standing NRF Maritime Group 2|NAVOCFORMED]]).
 
Adipati York menjabat sebagai komandan penerbangan dan pilot Lynx HAS3 di [[HMS Campbeltown]] dari 1989 hingga 1991. Dia juga bertindak sebagai Force Aviation Officer untuk Standing NRF Maritime Group 1 sementara Campbeltown adalah unggulan pasukan [[NATO]] di [[Atlantik Utara]] dari 1990 hingga 1991. Dia lulus ujian komando skuadron pada 16 Juli 1991, menghadiri Sekolah Staf, [[Camberley]] pada tahun berikutnya, dan menyelesaikan kursus Staf Angkatan Darat. Dia dipromosikan menjadi Letnan Komandan pada 1 Februari dan lulus ujian komando kapal pada 12 Maret 1992. Dari 1993 hingga 1994, Pangeran Andrew memimpin pemburu ranjau kelas Hunt [[HMS Cottesmore]].
In 1986 he undertook the [[Lieutenants' Greenwich Staff Course]] at the [[Royal Naval College]], [[Greenwich]]. On [[23 October]] [[1986]] he transferred to the General List. He then did a four month helicopter warfare instructors' course at [[RNAS Yeovilton (HMS Heron)]], and served from February [[1987]] to April [[1988]] as a helicopter warfare officer in [[702 Naval Air Squadron]], [[HMS Osprey]], [[HMS Portland]].
 
Dia berhenti menggunakan gelar militer kehormatannya pada Januari 2022. Tindakan itu terjadi setelah lebih dari 150 veteran Angkatan Laut, RAF, dan Angkatan Darat Kerajaan menandatangani surat, meminta agar Ratu Elizabeth II menghapus penunjukan militer kehormatannya sehubungan dengan keterlibatannya dalam kasus perdata penyerangan seksual. Dilaporkan bahwa dia masih akan mempertahankan pangkatnya sebagai [[Wakil Laksamana]].
He served on [[HMS Edinburgh|HMS ''Edinburgh'']] as an [[Officer of the Watch]] and Assistant [[Navigating Officer]] 1988-1989, including a six month deployment as part of exercise ''Outback 88'' to the [[Far East]].
 
==Pernikahan==
Prince Andrew, now the Duke of York, served as flight commander and pilot of the Lynx HAS3 of [[HMS Campbeltown|HMS ''Campbeltown'']] [[1989]] to [[1991]]. During this assignment he served as Force Aviation Officer to [[Standing NRF Maritime Group 1|STANAVFORLANT]] when HMS ''Campbeltown'' was flagship of the NATO force in the North Atlantic 1990-1991.
Andrew menikahi [[Sarah Ferguson]] di [[Westminster Abbey]] pada 23 Juli 1986. Pada hari yang sama, [[Ratu Elizabeth II]] mengangkatnya menjadi Duke of York, Earl of Inverness, dan Baron Killyleagh. Dua gelar pertama dari gelar ini sebelumnya dipegang oleh kakek dari pihak ibu dan kakek buyutnya. Pangeran Andrew sudah mengenal Ferguson sejak kecil; mereka kadang-kadang bertemu di pertandingan polo, dan berkenalan kembali satu sama lain di [[Royal Ascot]] pada tahun 1985.
 
Pasangan itu tampaknya memiliki pernikahan yang bahagia dan memiliki dua putri bersama, [[Putri Beatrice dari York|Beatrice]] dan [[Putri Eugenie dari York|Eugenie]], yang menampilkan penampilan luar yang bersatu selama akhir 1980-an. Kualitas pribadi istrinya terlihat menyegarkan dalam konteks protokol formal seputar keluarga kerajaan. Namun, perjalanan Andrew yang sering karena karir militernya, serta perhatian media yang tak henti-hentinya, sering kritis, terfokus pada Duchess of York, menyebabkan keretakan dalam pernikahan. Pada 19 Maret 1992, pasangan itu mengumumkan rencana untuk berpisah dan melakukannya dengan cara yang bersahabat. Beberapa bulan kemudian, gambar muncul di media tabloid Duchess dalam hubungan intim dengan John Bryan, penasihat keuangannya pada saat itu, yang secara efektif mengakhiri harapan rekonsiliasi antara Andrew dan Ferguson. Pernikahan itu berakhir dengan perceraian pada 30 Mei 1996. Duke of York berbicara dengan penuh kasih tentang mantan istrinya: "Kami telah berhasil bekerja sama untuk membesarkan anak-anak kami dengan cara yang hanya dapat dilakukan oleh sedikit orang lain dan saya sangat berterima kasih kepada bisa melakukan itu."
Prince Andrew passed the squadron command examination on [[16 July]] [[1991]]. In [[1992]] he attended the [[Staff College Camberley]] and completed the army staff course.
 
Pasangan itu setuju untuk berbagi hak asuh atas dua putri mereka, dan keluarga itu terus tinggal di [[Sunninghill Park]] (dibangun di dekat [[Windsor Great Park]] untuk pasangan itu pada 1990) hingga Andrew pindah ke [[Royal Lodge]] pada 2004. Pada 2007, Sarah pindah ke [[Dolphin House]] di [[Englefield Green]], kurang dari 1,6&nbsp;km dari Royal Lodge. Pada tahun 2008, kebakaran di Dolphin House mengakibatkan Sarah pindah ke Royal Lodge, lagi-lagi berbagi rumah dengan Andrew. Sewa Andrew dari Royal Lodge adalah selama 75 tahun, dengan [[Crown Estate]] sebagai pemilik, dengan biaya satu £ 1 juta premium dan komitmen untuk menghabiskan £ 7,5 juta untuk perbaikan.
He became a [[Lieutenant-Commander]] on [[1 February]] [[1992]], and passed the ship command examination on [[12 March]] [[1992]]. Between [[1993]] and [[1994]], he commanded the Hunt Class Minehunter [[HMS Cottesmore (M32)|HMS ''Cottesmore'']], based at [[Portsmouth]]. Curiously, one of the officers of the ship was [[Sub-Lieutenant]] JW Gold, a Special Duties (commissioned from the ranks) electronic warfare officer. It is not clear whether this had any specific implications, however such highly specialised officers are usually deployed to major warships which contain a strategic intelligence suite, and his presence on a mine countermeasures vessel was unusual.
 
==Dugaan Pelecehan Seksual==
In [[1995]] and [[1996]] the Duke of York was Senior Pilot of [[815 Naval Air Squadron]], a unit with over 80 aircrew, 420 ground staff and 41 helicopters - the largest flying unit in the [[Fleet Air Arm]]. The main role of the Senior Pilot was to supervise flying standards to guarantee an effective operational capability.
'''Jeffrey Epstein dan asosiasi terkait'''
 
Andrew berteman dengan [[Jeffrey Epstein]], seorang pemodal [[Amerika]] yang dihukum karena perdagangan seks pada tahun 2008. [[BBC News]] melaporkan pada Maret 2011 bahwa persahabatan itu menghasilkan "aliran kritik yang stabil", dan ada seruan baginya untuk mundur dari perannya sebagai utusan perdagangan. Andrew juga dikritik di media setelah mantan istrinya, Sarah, mengungkapkan bahwa dia membantu mengatur agar Epstein melunasi utangnya sebesar £15.000. Andrew telah difoto pada Desember 2010 berjalan-jalan dengan Epstein di [[Central Park]] saat berkunjung ke [[New York City]]. Pada Juli 2011, peran Andrew sebagai utusan perdagangan dihentikan dan dia dilaporkan memutuskan semua hubungan dengan Epstein.
Prince Andrew was made a [[Commander]] on [[27 April]] [[1999]]. He finished his naval career at the [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]] in [[London]] 1999 to 2001 as an officer of the Diplomatic Directorate of the [[Naval Staff]].
 
Pada tanggal 30 Desember 2014, pengajuan pengadilan [[Florida]] oleh pengacara Bradley J. Edwards dan Paul G. Cassell menuduh bahwa Andrew adalah salah satu dari beberapa tokoh terkemuka, termasuk pengacara Alan Dershowitz dan "mantan perdana menteri", telah berpartisipasi dalam aktivitas seksual dengan seorang minor kemudian diidentifikasi sebagai Virginia Giuffre (kemudian dikenal dengan nama gadisnya Virginia Roberts), yang diduga diperdagangkan oleh Epstein. Sebuah pernyataan tertulis dari Giuffre dimasukkan dalam gugatan sebelumnya dari tahun 2008 yang menuduh Departemen Kehakiman AS melanggar Undang-Undang Hak Korban Kejahatan selama kasus pidana pertama Epstein dengan tidak mengizinkan beberapa korbannya untuk menantang kesepakatan pembelaannya; Andrew dinyatakan bukan pihak dalam gugatan itu.
He was released from the Active List of the [[Royal Navy]] in [[July 2001]]. In July 2005 he was promoted to [[Captain]], Royal Navy. Unusually, although a former career officer, His Royal Highness was made an Honorary Captain, rather than given the substantive rank of Captain, as was traditional and might have been expected.
Pada Januari 2015, ada media baru dan tekanan publik kepada Istana Buckingham untuk menjelaskan hubungan Andrew dengan Epstein. Istana Buckingham menyatakan bahwa "setiap saran ketidakpantasan dengan anak di bawah umur pasti tidak benar", dan kemudian mengulangi penolakan. Permintaan dari pengacara Giuffre untuk pernyataan dari Andrew tentang tuduhan, di bawah sumpah, dikembalikan tanpa jawaban.
 
Dershowitz membantah tuduhan dalam pernyataan Giuffre dan meminta pencabutan izin pengacara yang mengajukan gugatan. Edwards dan Cassell menggugat Dershowitz atas pencemaran nama baik pada Januari 2015; dia membalas. Kedua pihak sepakat pada tahun 2016 untuk jumlah keuangan yang tidak diungkapkan. Epstein menggugat Edwards untuk pemerasan sipil tetapi kemudian membatalkan gugatannya; Edwards menggugat balik untuk penuntutan jahat dengan hasil bahwa Epstein mengeluarkan permintaan maaf publik kepada pengacara pada Desember 2018.
==Marriage==
[[Image:Duke of York with daughters.jpg|thumb|175px|The Duke of York with his two daughters, Princess Beatrice (right) and Princess Eugenie (left).]]
On [[23 July]] [[1986]], Prince Andrew married [[Sarah Ferguson]], the second daughter of the late Major [[Ronald Ferguson]] and his former wife, the late Susan (Mrs. Hector) Barrantes, at [[Westminster Abbey]]. On the occasion of his wedding, the Queen created him [[Duke of York]], [[Earl of Inverness]] and [[Baron Killyleagh]] - titles previously held by both his maternal great-grandfather and grandfather, [[George V of the United Kingdom|King George V]] and [[George VI of the United Kingdom|King George VI]]. Prince Andrew and Sarah Ferguson are close in age being only a few months apart. They had known each other since childhood and would meet occasionally at Polo matches, a sport in which both families took a keen interest in. They became re-acquainted with one another during the Ascot racing season of 1985.
 
Giuffre menegaskan bahwa dia berhubungan seks dengan Andrew pada tiga kesempatan, termasuk perjalanan ke London pada tahun 2001 ketika dia berusia 17 tahun, dan kemudian di New York dan di Little Saint James di [[Kepulauan Virgin AS]]. Dia menuduh Epstein membayarnya $ 15.000 setelah dia berhubungan seks dengan Andrew di London. Catatan penerbangan menunjukkan Andrew dan Giuffre berada di tempat yang dia duga pertemuan mereka terjadi. Andrew dan Giuffre juga difoto bersama dengan lengan melingkari pinggangnya, dengan rekan Epstein, Ghislaine Maxwell, di latar belakang, meskipun pendukung Andrew telah berulang kali mengatakan foto itu palsu dan diedit. Giuffre menyatakan bahwa dia ditekan untuk berhubungan seks dengan Andrew dan "tidak akan berani menolak" karena Epstein, melalui kontak, dapat membuatnya "dibunuh atau diculik".
Together the Duke and Duchess of York have two children:
Pada 7 April 2015, Hakim Kenneth Marra memutuskan bahwa "tuduhan seks yang dibuat terhadap Andrew dalam dokumen pengadilan yang diajukan di Florida harus dihapus dari catatan publik". Marra tidak membuat keputusan apakah klaim Giuffre benar atau salah, secara khusus menyatakan bahwa dia nantinya dapat memberikan bukti ketika kasusnya sampai ke pengadilan. Giuffre menyatakan dia tidak akan "diganggu kembali ke dalam keheningan".
 
Tuan "John" Alessi, yang merupakan kepala pelayan Epstein, menyatakan dalam sebuah deposisi yang dia ajukan untuk kasus pencemaran nama baik Giuffre tahun 2016 terhadap Maxwell bahwa kunjungan Andrew yang sampai saat ini biasa-biasa saja ke rumah Epstein di Palm Beach lebih sering daripada yang diperkirakan sebelumnya. Dia menyatakan bahwa Andrew "menghabiskan berminggu-minggu bersama kami" dan menerima "pijat harian".
* [[Princess Beatrice of York]] (born [[8 August]] [[1988]])
* [[Princess Eugenie of York]] (born [[23 March]] [[1990]]).
 
Pada Agustus 2019, dokumen pengadilan yang terkait dengan kasus pencemaran nama baik antara Giuffre dan Maxwell mengungkapkan bahwa gadis kedua, Johanna Sjoberg, memberikan bukti yang menyatakan bahwa Andrew telah meletakkan tangannya di dadanya saat berada di rumah Epstein berpose untuk foto dengan boneka Spitting Image-nya. Belakangan bulan itu, Andrew merilis pernyataan yang mengatakan, "Pada tahap selama waktu terbatas yang saya habiskan dengan [Epstein] saya tidak melihat, menyaksikan atau mencurigai perilaku semacam itu yang kemudian menyebabkan penangkapan dan hukumannya," meskipun dia mengungkapkan penyesalan bertemu dengannya pada 2010 setelah Epstein mengaku bersalah atas kejahatan seks untuk pertama kalinya. Pada akhir Agustus 2019, The New Republic menerbitkan pertukaran email September 2013 antara John Brockman dan Evgeny Morozov, di mana Brockman menyebutkan melihat seorang pria Inggris yang dijuluki "Andy" menerima pijatan kaki dari dua wanita Rusia di kediaman Epstein di New York selama kunjungannya. kunjungan terakhir ke mansion pada 2010, dan menyadari "bahwa penerima pijat kaki Irina adalah Yang Mulia, Pangeran Andrew, Duke of York".
==Divorce==
Pada Juli 2020, Caroline Kaufman, tersangka korban Epstein, mengatakan dalam gugatan federal bahwa dia telah melihat Andrew di rumah Epstein di New York pada Desember 2010. Pada November 2021 Lawrence Visoski, pilot Epstein, bersaksi di pengadilan selama persidangan Ghislaine Maxwell bahwa Pangeran Andrew terbang dengan pesawat pribadi Epstein bersama orang-orang terkemuka lainnya, termasuk Bill Clinton, Donald Trump, dan John Glenn. Visoski menyatakan dia tidak melihat aktivitas seksual atau kesalahan di pesawat. Demikian pula, nama Andrew dicatat pada 12 Mei 2001 oleh pilot Epstein David Rodgers di buku catatannya, dan dia bersaksi bahwa Andrew terbang tiga kali dengan Epstein dan Giuffre pada tahun 2001. Bulan berikutnya foto Epstein dan Maxwell, duduk di sebuah kabin di Perkebunan Queen's Balmoral, sekitar tahun 1999, atas undangan Andrew, ditunjukkan kepada juri untuk menetapkan status mereka sebagai mitra.
The Duke and Duchess of York appeared to have a happy marriage and presented a united front during the late 1980s. The Duchess was seen as ''a breath of fresh air'' to the stuffy royal protocol that was often reported as surrounding the Royal Family. However, underneath there were problems in the marriage, mainly relating to the fact that the Duke of York was away on Navy business at regular times during the year, and to the relentless media attention that focussed on the Duchess.
 
Pada 5 Januari 2022, mantan pacar Virginia Giuffre, Anthony Figueroa, mengatakan pada Good Morning Britain bahwa Giuffre mengatakan kepadanya bahwa Epstein akan membawanya untuk bertemu Pangeran Andrew. Dia berkata, "Dia menelepon saya ketika dia sedang dalam perjalanan dan dia berbicara tentang dia tahu apa yang mereka ingin dia lakukan dan dia benar-benar gugup dan takut karena dia tidak tahu bagaimana harus bereaksi". Dia menuduh pertemuan itu terjadi di London. Dalam pengajuan pengadilan, pengacara Andrew sebelumnya mengacu pada pernyataan saudara perempuan Figueroa, Crystal Figueroa, yang menuduh bahwa dalam upayanya untuk menemukan korban Epstein, Giuffre telah bertanya kepadanya, "Apakah Anda mengenal gadis-gadis yang agak slutty?" Pada bulan yang sama, Carolyn Andriano, yang saat berusia 14 tahun diperkenalkan oleh Giuffre kepada Ghislaine Maxwell dan Jeffrey Epstein dan menjadi saksi penuntut dalam persidangan Maxwell, mengatakan dalam sebuah wawancara dengan Daily Mail bahwa Giuffre yang saat itu berusia 17 tahun memberitahunya pada tahun 2001 bahwa dia telah tidur dengan Pangeran Andrew. Dia menyatakan, "Dan [Giuffre] berkata, 'Aku tidur dengannya'. Dia tidak tampak kesal tentang itu. Dia pikir itu cukup keren."
On [[19 March]] [[1992]] the Duke and Duchess announced their plans to separate. It was an amicable parting and one made by the Duke and Duchess alone. Some months after their separation [[1992]], pictures of the Duchess appeared in the British tabloid press, showing her in compromising positions with her financial advisor, the American [[John Bryan]]. This effectively ended any hopes of reconciliation of the couple and did nothing to diminish the extent to which the Duchess was being targeted by the tabloid media.
 
== Gaya, Gelar, dan Kehormatan ==
The Duke and Duchess of York divorced in May [[1996]]. Their divorce was not a messy one but fair and amicable. Neither had ever been greedy in their wants and demands but the focus had long shifted to raising their two children together. It was stipulated that joint custody of the two princesses would be shared between the Duke and Duchess. The Duchess of York was no longer [[HRH|''Her Royal Highness'']] but instead became [[Sarah, Duchess of York]]. Their friendship has since been platonic so much so that the Duchess has lived on and off in the Duke's home of [[Sunninghill Park]] since 1997.
[[File:Royal Monogram Of Prince Andrew Of Great Britain.svg|thumb|right|100px|Monogram dari Pangeran Andrew]]
 
* 19 Februari 1960 - 23 Juli 1986 : ''Yang Mulia'' Pangeran Andrew
==Romantic interests==
* 23 Juli 1986 - Sekarang : ''Yang Mulia'' Adipati York
Prince Andrew has been romantically linked with women since his divorce. This follows from his reputation in his late teens and early twenties, when he earned a reputation as a playboy. His relationships with "unsuitable" women, such as model [[Vicky Hodge]] and particularly the actress/model [[Koo Stark]], attracted unwanted media attention and gained him the nickname "Randy Andy". This has all been tabloid speculation, however, and frequently refuted by those close to the Duke.
 
==Current roleRujukan ==
{{reflist}}
{{infobox hrhstyles|
image=[[image:Duke_of_York_standard.gif|60px]]|
royal name=HRH The Duke of York|
dipstyle=[[Royal Highness|His Royal Highness]]|
offstyle=Your Royal Highness|
altstyle=Sir|}}
Currently the Duke of York works for the [[Department of Trade and Industry]] as the [[United Kingdom]]'s Special Representative for International Trade and Investment. He took over from [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent]] in this role. The role involves the Duke representing the UK at various trade fairs and conferences all over the world.
 
==Bibliografi==
The Duke is also a keen [[golf|golfer]] and is Captain of the [[Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews]]. This is not without controversy and the Duke has been criticised for using the [[Queen's Flight]] for transport to various golfing functions.
* ''Photographs'' (1985) by HRH Prince Andrew. London: Hamilton. {{ISBN|9780241116449}}. {{OCLC|13947617}}. A book of photographs taken by Andrew.
 
== Pranala luar ==
The Duke currently lives at Sunninghill Park, next to the Great Park, [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]. In 2002, Buckingham Palace announced the Duke of York would move his official residence to [[Royal Lodge]], Windsor, the former country home of his grandmother, [[Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon|Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother]]. The Duke of York maintains an office at Buckingham Palace.
{{Commons category|Prince Andrew, Duke of York}}
* [https://www.royal.uk/the-duke-york The Duke of York] di situs Keluarga Kerajaan
* {{IMDb name| id=0697605|title=}}
* {{C-SPAN|andrew}}
 
{{lifetime|1960||}}
==Titles, styles, honours and arms==
{{Commonscat|Prince Andrew, Duke of York}}
===Titles===
* His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew ([[19 February]] [[1960]]&ndash;[[19 December]] [[1979]])
* His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew, CVO ([[19 December]] [[1979]]&ndash;[[1 February]] [[1986]])
* His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew, CVO, ADC(P) ([[1 February]] [[1984]]&ndash;[[23 July]] [[1986]])
* His Royal Highness The Duke of York, CVO, ADC(P) ([[23 July]] [[1986]]&ndash;[[2 June]] [[2003]])
* His Royal Highness The Duke of York, KCVO, ADC(P) ([[2 June]] [[2003]]&ndash;[[23 April]][[2006]])
* His Royal Highness The Duke of York, KG, KCVO, ADC(P) (from [[23 April]] [[2006]])
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:dari York, Andrew}}
===Honours===
[[Kategori:Pangeran Britania Raya]]
* [[Order of the Garter|Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter]] - Appointed on [[23 April]] [[2006]]
[[Kategori:Adipati York]]
* [[Royal Victorian Order|Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order]] - Appointed on [[3 June]] [[2003]] (elevated from Commander (appointed in 1979)
* [[Personal Aide-de-Camp|Personal Aide-de-Camp to The Queen]] (from [[1 February]] [[1984]])
 
====Military service record====
*1981-83: Pilot, 820 NAS on [[HMS Invincible (R05)|HMS ''Invincible'']] (including activity in the [[Falklands War]])
*1983-84: Conversion to [[Westland Lynx|Lynx]] at [[RNAS Culdrose|RNAS ''Culdrose'']]
*1984-86: Promoted to [[Lieutenant]]; pilot, 815 NAS on [[HMS Brazen (F91)|HMS ''Brazen'']]
*1987-89: Helicopter Warfare Instructor, 702 NAS at RNAS Culdrose
*1989-91: Flight commander, 829 NAS on [[HMS Campbeltown (F86)|HMS ''Campbeltown'']]
*1992-93: Army Command and Staff Course; promoted to [[Lieutenant Commander]]
*1993-94: Captain, [[HMS Cottesmore (M32)|HMS ''Cottesmore'']]
*1994-96: Senior Pilot, 815 NAS at [[RNAS Portland]]
*1997-99: Directorate of Naval Operations, [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|MOD]]
*1999-2001: Promoted to [[Commander]]; appointed to Diplomacy Section of the Naval Staff
*2005: Promoted to [[Captain]] (honorary)
 
====Honorary military appointments====
He is [[Colonel-in-Chief]] of the following regiments:
*{{CAN}} - [[The Princess Louise Fusiliers]]
*{{GBR}} - [[9th/12th Royal Lancers|9th/12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales's)]]
*{{CAN}} - [[The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment)]]
*{{GBR}} - [[Royal Irish Regiment|The Royal Irish Regiment]]
*{{CAN}} - [[The Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada]]
*{{NZL}} - [[Royal New Zealand Army Logistic Regiment|The Royal New Zealand Army Logistic Regiment]]
*{{GBR}} - [[Small Arms School Corps]]
*{{GBR}} - [[The Staffordshire Regiment|The Staffordshire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's)]]
*{{GBR}} - [[Yorkshire Regiment|The Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot)]]
 
He was also Colonel-in-Chief of these now disbanded regiments:
*[[The Canadian Airborne Regiment]]
*[[Royal Highland Fusiliers|The Royal Highland Fusiliers (Princess Margaret's Own Glasgow and Ayrshire Regiment)]] - upon the amalgamation of the Royal Highland Fusiliers as part of the new [[Royal Regiment of Scotland]], the Duke of York became the '''Royal Colonel''' of the '''Royal Highland Fusiliers, 2nd Battalion Royal Regiment of Scotland'''
 
*Honorary Air Commodore, [[RAF Lossiemouth|Royal Air Force Lossiemouth]].
*[[Commodore-in-Chief]], [[Fleet Air Arm]]
*Admiral of the [[Sea Cadet Corps]] - United Kingdom
 
===Arms===
[[Image:Prince_Andrew_arms.png|thumb|250px|Arms of HRH The Duke of York]]
 
==External links==
*[http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page416.asp Royal.gov.uk- The Duke of York]
*[http://www.lakefieldcs.on.ca/discover/news/detail.asp?newsid=271852 Prince Andrew Visits Lakefield College School]
 
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{{succession box | title=[[Line of succession to the British throne]] | before=[[Prince Harry of Wales|HRH Prince Henry of Wales]] | after=[[Princess Beatrice of York|HRH Princess Beatrice of York]] | years=}}
{{succession box | title=[[United Kingdom order of precedence|United Kingdom Order of Precedence]]<br />(gentlemen) | before=[[Charles, Prince of Wales|HRH The Prince of Wales]] | after=[[Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex]] | years=}}
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{{Dukes of York|Andrew, Duke of York}}
[[Category:English and British princes|Andrew, Duke of York, Prince]]
[[Category:Mountbatten-Windsor family|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Football Association|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:Naval aviators|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:English Anglicans|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:People from Westminster|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:Knights of the Garter|Andrew, Duke of York, Prince]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order|Andrew, Duke of York, Prince]]
[[Category:1960 births|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
[[Category:Living people|York, Prince Andrew, Duke of]]
 
[[de:Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, Duke of York]]
[[et:Prints Andrew, Yorki hertsog]]
[[es:Andrés, Duque de York]]
[[fr:Andrew d'York]]
[[it:Andrea, Duca di York]]
[[nl:Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor]]
[[ja:アンドルー (ヨーク公)]]
[[no:Andrew, hertug av York]]
[[pl:Andrzej, książę Yorku]]
[[pt:André, Duque de York]]
[[fi:Prinssi Andrew, Yorkin herttua]]
[[sv:Andrew, hertig av York]]
[[th:เจ้าฟ้าชายแอนดรูว์ ดยุคแห่งยอร์ก]]