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{{about|putra Yafet|istri nabi Hosea|Gomer binti Diblaim}}
'''Gomer''' adalah anak pertama [[Japheth]] ([[bahasa Ibrani]]: ''Yaphæth'') seperti disebutkan dalam [[Kitab Kejadian]] (''Bereshit'') dalam [[Alkitab Yahudi]]. Setelah insiden [[menara Babyl]], Gomer dan keluarganya bermigrasi ke [[utara]] dari [[Shinar]] melintasi [[gunung Urartu]] dan menetap di sekitar gunung [[Kaukasus]] antara [[Laut Hitam]] dan [[Laut Kaspia]] (2300 SM). ▼
{{disambiginfo|Gomer}}
[[Berkas:Josephustable 3.svg|jmpl|500px|ka|Identifikasi geografis [[Daftar keturunan Nuh|Keturunan Nuh]] oleh [[Flavius Yosefus]], sekitar 100 M; "'''Gomer'''" (warna merah) di tengah agak ke atas. Ditulisnya: ''Gomer melandaskan mereka yang oleh orang Yunani sekarang disebut sebagai bangsa [[Galatia]], [Galls], tetapi dulunya disebut bangsa Gomer (''Gomerit'').''<ref>[[Flavius Yosefus|Yosefus]]. ''[[Antiquitates Iudaicae|Antiq.]]'' [https://id.wikisource.org/wiki/Antiquitates_Iudaicae/Volume_I#Bab_6 I. 6. 1.]</ref>]]
▲'''Gomer''' ({{Nama Ibrani|גֹּמֶר|Gómer|Gōmer}}) adalah
== Catatan Alkitab ==
Nama "'''Gomer''' bin Yafet" disebutkan dua kali dalam [[daftar keturunan Nuh]] pada [[Alkitab]] [[Kristen]] yaitu:
* [[Kejadian 10]]:2
: ''Keturunan [[Yafet]] ialah '''Gomer''', [[Magog (tokoh Alkitab)|Magog]], [[Madai]], [[Yawan]], [[Tubal]], [[Mesekh]] dan [[Tiras bin Yafet|Tiras]].''<ref>{{Alkitab|Kejadian 10:2}} (TB) - Sabda.org</ref>
* [[1 Tawarikh 1]]:5
: ''Keturunan Yafet ialah '''Gomer''', Magog, Madai, Yawan, Tubal, Mesekh dan Tiras.''<ref>{{Alkitab|1 Tawarikh 1:5}} (TB) - Sabda.org</ref>
== Tradisi Yahudi ==
Gomer, "sebagai nama keluarga," menurut istilah para penyunting ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia]]'',<ref>{{cite book|title= Jewish Encyclopedia|publisher= Funk and Wagnalls|page= 40|url= http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=344&letter=G&pid=0|accessdate= May 10, 2011|archive-date= 2004-07-03|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20040703101153/http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=344&letter=G&pid=0|dead-url= no}}</ref> juga disebut dalam [[Kitab Yehezkiel]] 38:6 sebagai sekutu [[Gog]], pemimpin tanah [[Magog]].
[[Flavius Yosefus]] menempatkan Gomer dan orang "Gomerit" di [[Galatia]], [[Anatolia]]: "Karena Gomer menurunkan orang-orang yang dalam bahasa Yunani disebut orang [[Galatia]], tetapi tadinya disebut Gomerit."<ref>Flavius Josephus, ''[[Antiquities of the Jews]]'', I:6.</ref> Nama Galatia sebenarnya diambil dari nama kuno [[Gaul]] ([[Kelt]]) yang diam di sana. Namun, penulis Kristen [[Hippolitus dari Roma]] pada sekitar tahun 234 menganggap Gomer sebagai nenek moyang orang [[Kapadokia]], di wilayah tetangga orang Galatian.<ref>''Chronica'', 57.</ref> [[Jerome]] (~ tahun 390) dan [[Isidorus dari Sevilla]] (~ tahun 600) mengikuti identifikasi Yosefus yang menghubungkan Gomer dengan orang Galatian, Gaul dan Kelt.
Nama ''Gomer'' umumnya dianggap merujuk kepada orang [[Kimeria]] (bahasa Akadia ''Gimirru'', "lengkap"), yang diam di Stepa [[Eurasia]]<ref>eg., see ''Cambridge Ancient History Vol. II pt. 2, p. 425</ref> dan menyerang [[Asyur]] di akhir abad ke-7 SM. Orang Asyur menyebut mereka ''Gimmerai'' ; Raja Kimmria, Teushpa, dikalahkan oleh [[Esarhadon]] dari Asyur antara tahun 681 dan 668 SM.<ref>Barry Cunliffe (ed.), ''The Oxford History of Prehistoric Europe'' (Oxford University Press, 1994), pp. 381–382.</ref>
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The [[Cimbri]] were a tribe settled in Denmark ca. 200 BC, who were variously identified in ancient times as Cimmerian, Germanic or Celtic. In later times, some scholars connected them with the [[Welsh people]], and descendants of Gomer. Among the first authors to identify Gomer, the Cimmerians, and Cimbri, with the Welsh name for themselves, ''Cymri'', was the English antiquarian [[William Camden]] in his ''Britannia'' (first published in 1586).<ref>[http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/text/chap_page.jsp;jsessionid=0CC4D5FD7805C8042FA29B9063F849DD?t_id=Camden&c_id=2 Camden's ''Britannia''], I.17,19.</ref> In his 1716 book ''Drych y Prif Oesoedd'', [[Wales|Welsh]] antiquary [[Theophilus Evans]] also posited that the Welsh were descended from the Cimmerians and from Gomer;<ref name="Lloyd191">Lloyd, p. 191</ref> this was followed by a number of later writers of the 18th and 19th centuries.<ref name="Lloyd191"/><ref name="Gomeriad">''[[Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru|University of Wales Dictionary]]'', vol. II, p. 1485, ''Gomeriad''. The editors note the false etymology.</ref>
This etymology is considered false by modern Celtic linguists, who follow the etymology proposed by [[Johann Kaspar Zeuss]] in 1853, which derives ''Cymry'' from the [[British language (Celtic)|Brythonic]] word *''Combrogos'' ("fellow countryman").<ref name="Gomeriad"/><ref>Lloyd, p. 192</ref><ref>''[[Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru|University of Wales Dictionary]]'', vol. I, page 770.</ref> The name Gomer (as in the pen-name of 19th century editor and author [[Joseph Harris (Gomer)|Joseph Harris]], for instance) and its (modern) Welsh derivatives, such as ''Gomeraeg'' (as an alternative name for the Welsh language).<ref name="Gomeriad">''[[Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru|University of Wales Dictionary]]'', vol. II, p. 1485.</ref> </ref> became fashionable for a time in Wales, but the Gomerian theory itself has long since been discredited as an antiquarian hypothesis with no historical or linguistic validity.<ref>See, for instance: Piggot, pp. 132, 172.</ref>
[[Kategori:Yahudi]]▼
According to tractate [[Yoma]], in the [[Talmud]], Gomer is identified as the ancestor of the Gomermians, modern Germans.
In 1498 [[Annio da Viterbo]] published fragments known as ''Pseudo-Berossus'', now considered a forgery, claiming that Babylonian records had shown that ''Comerus Gallus'', i.e. Gomer son of Japheth, had first settled in Comera (now [[Italy]]) in the 10th year of [[Nimrod]] following the dispersion of peoples. In addition, [[Tuiscon]], whom ''Pseudo-Berossus'' calls the [[fourth son of Noah]], and says ruled first in Germany/Scythia, was identified by later historians (e.g. [[Johannes Aventinus]]) as none other than [[Ashkenaz]], Gomer's son.
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== Tradisi Islam ==
Dalam Islam, sejarawan Persia, [[Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari]] (~ tahun 915) mengisahkan tradisi Persia, bahwa Gomer hidup sampai usia 1000 tahun, mengetahui bahwa usia ini menyamai [[Nimrod]], tetapi tidak ada orang lain yang melebihinya yang dicatat dalam kitab [[Taurat]].<ref>Tabari, ''Prophets and Patriarchs'' (Vol. 2 of ''History of the Prophets and Kings'')</ref>
== Keturunan Gomer ==
Tiga putra Gomer dicatat pada [[Kejadian 10]], yaitu:
* [[:en:Ashkenaz|Askenas]]
* [[:en:Rifath|Rifat]] (dieja ''Difat'' dalam [[Kitab 1 Tawarikh]])
* [[Togarma]]
beberapa ahli sejarah atau arkeolog berpendapat keturunan Askenas adalah orang [[Scythia]] (bahasa Asyur: ''Ishkuza''), namun jika merujuk pada bahasa Ibrani, kata Askenas (''[[Yahudi Ashkenazi|Ashkenazi]]'') dipakai untuk menamai wilayah di Eropa tengah yang sekarang ini dikenal sebagai Jerman.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica, "Ashkenaz" etymology. This interpretation is reinforced by the terminology of "Ashkenazi Jews" identified with Germany, as meaning Jews who live among the Ashkenazi.</ref> Juga diduga bahwa istilah aslinya dalam bahasa Ibrani sebenarnya adalah ''Ashkuz'', dan lalu menjadi ''Ashkenaz'' ketika huruf Ibrani ''[[Waw (huruf Ibrani)|waw]]'' disalin keliru sebagai huruf ''[[Nun (huruf Ibrani)|nun]]'' di awal penyalinan.
Selain itu juga beberapa ahli sejarah atau arkeolog berpendapat mereka mendiami seluruh negara eropa lain seperti [[Eropa Timur]], [[Nordik]], Polandia, Ceko, Slovakia, Hongaria, Romania, [[Balkan]], Austria, Italia, Swiss, Prancis, Spanyol, Portugal, Britania Raya dan Irlandia.<ref>http://rbedrosian.com/gc2.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803005403/http://rbedrosian.com/gc2.htm |date=2017-08-03 }} "The Georgian Chronicles" oleh Leonti Mroveli</ref><ref>http://www.vehi.net/istoriya/armenia/khorenaci/01.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916212708/http://vehi.net/istoriya/armenia/khorenaci/01.html |date=2019-09-16 }} "The History of Armenia" (Sejarah Armenia) oleh "Moses dari Chorene"</ref>
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Anak Nuh}}
[[Kategori:1 Tawarikh 1]]
[[ru:Яфетиды#Потомки Гомера]]
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