Angkatan Udara Filipina: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{infobox military unit
|unit_name= Angkatan Udara Filipina
|image= [[Berkas:Seal of the Philippine Air Force.svg|180px]]
|caption= Lambang Angkatan Udara Filipina
|dates= 1 Juli 1947 – sekarang
|country= {{flag|Filipina}}
|allegiance=
|branch=
|type= [[Angkatan udara]]
|role=
|size= 17.600 personel aktif<br>16.000 personel cadangan<br>247 pesawat
|command_structure= [[Angkatan Bersenjata Filipina]]
|garrison= Pangkalan Udara Villamor, [[Pasay]], [[Metro Manila]]
|garrison_label= Markas
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto= Guardians of our Precious Skies, Bearers of Hope<br>''Penjaga Langit Berharga Kita, Pembawa Harapan''
|colors=
|colors_label=
|march= Philippine Air Force Hymn
|mascot=
|equipment=
|equipment_label=
|battles= {{clist|title={{nobold|Daftar pertempuran}}|[[Perang Dunia II]]|[[Pemberontakan Hukbalahap]]|[[Pasukan pemelihara perdamaian|Pasukan perdamaian PBB]]|[[Operasi Enduring Freedom]]|[[Pemberontakan komunis di Filipina]]|[[Konflik Moro]]|[[Upaya kudeta terhadap Corazon Aquino|Upaya Kudeta 1986–90]]|[[Sengketa Kepulauan Spratly]]|[[Pertempuran Marawi]]}}
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
|battle_honours_label=
|disbanded=
|flying_hours=
|website= {{url|www.paf.mil.ph}}
<!-- Commanders -->
|commander1= {{Flagicon image|Flag of the President of the Philippines.svg|size=23px}} [[Presiden Filipina|Presiden]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]]
|commander1_label= Panglima Tertinggi
|commander2=[[Berkas:Department of National Defense - DND (Philippines).svg|23px]] [[Delfin Lorenzana]]
|commander2_label=Sekretaris Pertahanan
|commander3={{Flagicon image|Flag of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (Philippines).svg|size=23px}} [[Jenderal]] [[Andres Centino]]
|commander3_label=Kepala Staf
|commander4={{Flagicon image|Flag of the Philippine Air Force.svg|size=23px}} [[Mayor Jenderal|Mayjen]] [[Connor Anthony D. Canlas Sr.]]
|commander4_label=Komandan Jenderal
|notable_commanders=
<!-- Insignia -->
|identification_symbol= [[Berkas:Flag of the Philippine Air Force.svg|center|120px]]
|identification_symbol_label= Bendera
|identification_symbol_2= <center>[[Berkas:Roundel of the Philippines.svg|70px]] [[Berkas:Roundel of the Philippines – Low Visibility.svg|70px]]</center>
|identification_symbol_2_label= Roundel
|identification_symbol_3=[[Berkas:Philippine Air Force Battledress patch.svg|center|80px]]
|identification_symbol_3_label=''Patch''
|identification_symbol_4=
|identification_symbol_4_label=
<!-- Aircraft -->
|aircraft_attack=
|aircraft_bomber=
|aircraft_electronic=
|aircraft_fighter=
|aircraft_helicopter=
|aircraft_helicopter_attack=
|aircraft_helicopter_cargo=
|aircraft_helicopter_multirole=
|aircraft_helicopter_observation=
|aircraft_helicopter_transport=
|aircraft_helicopter_trainer=
|aircraft_helicopter_utility=
|aircraft_interceptor=
|aircraft_patrol=
|aircraft_recon=
|aircraft_trainer=
|aircraft_transport=
|aircraft_tanker=
|native_name=''Hukbong Himpapawid ng Pilipinas''<br>''Philippine Air Force''}}
'''Angkatan Udara Filipina''' ([[bahasa Tagalog]]: ''Hukbong Himpapawid ng Pilipinas'', [[bahasa Inggris]]: ''Philippine Air Force'', [[bahasa Spanyol]]: ''Fuerza Aérea de Filipinas'') adalah angkatan udara bagian dari [[Angkatan Bersenjata Filipina]] dan salah satu dari tiga angkatan bersenjata dari negara [[Filipina]]. Berawal sebagai bagian dari Angkatan Darat Filipina, Angkatan Udara Filipina dibentuk sebagai institusi militer tersendiri pada tanggal 1 Juli 1947 berdasarkan ''Executive Order No. 94''. Angkatan Udara Filipina memiliki 17.000 personel aktif yang mengoperasikan pangkalan dan pesawat.
Filipina Angkatan Udara (PAF) memiliki kekuatan 17.600 pasukan aktif, 16.000 pasukan cadangan, dengan 247 pesawat.<ref>{{Cite book|date=2021|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1239962384|title=The military balance 2021|location=Abingdon, Oxon|isbn=978-1-000-41545-2|others=James Hackett, International Institute for Strategic Studies|oclc=1239962384}}</ref>
Dalam tahun-tahun sebelumnya, PAF mampu membeli pesawat pelatih baru SF-260 dan helikopter menyerang malam. Itu juga di set untuk memperoleh delapan pesawat latih dasar, tambahan 10 Huey UH-1H helikopter utilitas, delapan merek helikopter tempur baru utilitas, delapan helikopter serang baru, dua pesawat ringan angkat, dan 12 helikopter pelatih.<ref>http://militernasional.blogspot.com/2011/08/kekuatan-militer-filipina.html</ref>
== Sejarah ==
=== Pendirian ===
Cikal bakal Angkatan Udara Filipina adalah Milisi Filipina, atau dikenal sebagai Garda Nasional Filipina (PNG). Pada tanggal 17 Maret 1917, Presiden Senat [[Manuel L. Quezon]] mengesahkan RUU (Undang-Undang Milisi 2715) untuk pembentukan Milisi Filipina. Itu diberlakukan untuk mengantisipasi bahwa akan ada pecahnya permusuhan antara [[Amerika Serikat]] dan [[Kekaisaran Jerman|Jerman]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2012-07-10|title=Philippine Air Force :: Official Website|url=http://www.paf.mil.ph/history.html|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-04-04|archive-date=2012-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120710094007/http://www.paf.mil.ph/history.html|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
Pada akhir [[Perang Dunia I]], [[Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat|Angkatan Darat]] dan [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat|Angkatan Laut AS]] mulai menjual pesawat dan peralatan kepada Komisi Milisi Filipina. Komisi kemudian menyewa jasa Curtiss Flying School untuk memberikan pelatihan penerbangan kepada 33 siswa di Camp Claudio, [[Parañaque]].
[[Berkas:Philippine Air Force F-86F.jpg|kiri|jmpl|Skuadron [[F-86 Sabre]] Angkatan Udara Filipina, 1956]]
Unit penerbangan awal, bagaimanapun, masih kurang pengetahuan dan peralatan yang cukup untuk dianggap sebagai angkatan udara dan kemudian terbatas hanya untuk tugas transportasi udara.<ref name=":0" /> Pada tanggal 2 Januari 1935, Penerbangan Militer Filipina diaktifkan ketika Kongres ke-10 mengesahkan Undang-Undang Persemakmuran 1494 yang mengatur organisasi Korps Udara Polisi Filipina (PCAC). PCAC berganti nama menjadi [[Korps Udara Angkatan Darat Filipina]] (PAAC) pada tahun 1936. Dimulai dengan hanya tiga pesawat di inventarisnya. Pada tahun 1941, PAAC memiliki total 54 pesawat termasuk pengejar (fighter) pengebom ringan, pesawat pengintai, transportasi ringan dan latih.<ref name=":0" /> Mereka kemudian terlibat dengan Jepang ketika mereka menginvasi Filipina pada tahun 1941–42, dan direformasi pada tahun 1945 setelah pembebasan negara tersebut.
== Organisasi ==
Angkatan Udara Filipina dikomandoi oleh Panglima Angkatan Udara berpangkat Letnan Jenderal, dan dibantu oleh Wakil Kepala Angkatan Udara Filipina, dan Kepala Staf Udara, yang membidangi urusan organisasi dan administrasi, baik pemegang pangkat Mayor Jenderal. Angkatan Udara Filipina terdiri dari tiga komando taktis, tiga komando pendukung, tujuh sayap udara termasuk satu sayap pencarian dan penyelamatan terpisah, satu brigade teknik, satu sayap kontrol dan peringatan udara, satu kelompok cuaca udara dan satu unit operasi khusus.
== Inventaris pesawat ==
=== Pesawat aktif ===
{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Pesawat
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Asal
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Tipe
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Varian
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Beroperasi
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Catatan
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat tempur]]
|-
|[[T-50 Golden Eagle]]
|{{KOR}}
|[[Pesawat tempur multiperan|multiperan ringan]] / [[Pesawat latih|LIFT]]
|FA-50PH
|12<ref name="World Air Forces 2022">{{cite web|last=|first=|year=2021|title=World Air Forces 2022|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-directory-2022/146695.article|publisher=Flightglobal|doi=|access-date=25 December 2021|url-access=registration}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[OV-10 Bronco]]
|{{USA}}
|[[Pesawat serang antigerilya|serang ringan]]
|OV-10A/C
|7<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|OV-10M standar<ref>{{cite web|date=|title=North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco Observation / Light Attack Aircraft (1966)|url=http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=147|work=www.MilitaryFactory.com|publisher=Military Factory|access-date=19 December 2013}}</ref>
|-
|[[EMB-314|EMB 314 Super Tucano]]
|{{BRA}}
|serang ringan
|A-29B
|6<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat intai]]
|-
|[[Cessna 208 Caravan|Cessna 208]]
|{{USA}}
|ISR
|
|2<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat angkut]]
|-
|[[GAF Nomad]]
|{{AUS}}
|angkut
|N22B
|3<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[CASA C-212|PTDI NC-212]]
|{{IDN}}
|angkut
|NC-212i
|2<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[C-295|CASA C-295]]
|{{ESP}}
|angkut / angkut VIP
|C-295M/W
|5<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|2 C-295W on order<ref>{{cite web|date=28 March 2022|title=One of 3 Airbus C-295 military transport aircraft acquired by Air Force arrives in Clark|url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/2022/03/28/one-of-3-airbus-c-295-military-transport-aircraft-acquired-by-air-force-arrives-in-clark/|publisher=BusinessMirror|access-date=28 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[C-130 Hercules]]
|{{USA}}
|angkut / [[Pengangkutan udara|angkut udara]]
|C-130B/H/T
|4<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|1 C-130H on order<ref>{{cite web|title=Air Force gets a lift with new C-130H from US|url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/1/30/Philippine-Air-Force-new-C-130H-from-US.html|website=cnn|language=en|access-date=2021-11-12}}</ref>
|-
|[[Fokker F27]]
|{{NLD}}
|angkut
|F27-200
|1<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Fokker F28]]
|{{NLD}}
|angkut VIP
|F28-3000
|1<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Gulfstream G280]]
|{{USA}}
|angkut VIP
|
|1<ref>{{cite web|last=Nepomuceno|first=Priam|date=September 22, 2020|title=PAF's new Gulfstream G280 assigned to airlift missions|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1116166|website=[[Philippine News Agency]]|access-date=September 24, 2020}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[Aero Commander 500|Turbo Commander]]
|{{USA}}
|utilitas
|
|2<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Helikopter]]
|-
|[[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Bell UH-1]]
|{{USA}}
|utilitas
|UH-1H
|13<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Bell 205]]
|{{USA}}
|utilitas
|205A
|8<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|2 adalah Huey II standar
|-
|[[Bell 412]]
|{{USA}}
|utilitas / angkut VIP
|412EP
|8<ref name="CUH_P2">{{cite web|date=December 26, 2020|title=Combat Utility Helicopter (Phase 2) Acquisition Project of the Philippine Air Force|url=https://www.phdefresource.com/2020/12/combat-utility-helicopter-phase-2.html?m=1|website=Philippine Defense Rrsource|access-date=December 27, 2020}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[PZL W-3 Sokół|PZL W-3]]
|{{POL}}
|utilitas / [[Pencarian dan penyelamatan|SAR]]
|
|5<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|Sikorsky UH-60]]
|{{USA}}
|utilitas / SAR
|S-70i/A-5
|16<ref>{{cite web|date=9 November 2021|title=Delivery of 'Black Hawk' choppers now complete: PAF|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1159180|publisher=Philippine News Agency|access-date=10 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=|title=250th Presidential Airlift Wing|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/philippines/250-paw.htm|publisher=globalsecurity.org|access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref>
|32 S-70i dalam pesanan<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mendoza|first=John Eric|date=2022-02-22|title=Lorenzana, Polish firm inks contract for 32 Black Hawk choppers|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1558350/lorenzana-polish-firm-inks-contract-for-32-black-hawk-choppers|website=INQUIRER.net|language=en|access-date=2022-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=News|first=RICHA NORIEGA, GMA|title=Philippines, Poland firm sign deal for 32 Black Hawk helicopters|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/822693/philippines-poland-firm-sign-deal-for-32-black-hawk-helicopters/story/|website=GMA News Online|language=en|access-date=2022-02-22}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mil Mi-17]]
|{{RUS}}
|utilitas / angkut berat
|Mi-171sh
|
|17 Mi-171sh dalam pesanan<ref>{{Cite web|last=Share|last2=Twitter|title=Scrapping deal to acquire Russian helicopters unlikely: DND|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169414|website=www.pna.gov.ph|language=en|access-date=2022-03-09|last3=Twitter|last4=Twitter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-09|title=Philippines to proceed with deal to buy Russian helicopters|url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-europe-philippines-manila-4457e9c04afcfa8892ecc8b1d425d3f3|website=AP NEWS|language=en|access-date=2022-03-09}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sikorsky S-76]]
|{{USA}}
|[[Layanan medis udara|ambulans udara]]
|
|9<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Agusta A109|AgustaWestland AW109]]
|{{ITA}}
|[[Helikopter militer|intai bersenjata]] / utilitas
|AW109E
|8<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[McDonnell Douglas MD 500 Defender|MD 500]]
|{{USA}}
|intai bersenjata
|MD 520MG
|24<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Bell AH-1 Cobra|Bell AH-1]]
|{{USA}}
|serang
|AH-1S
|2<ref name="Jordan_AH1S">{{cite web|date=June 12, 2019|title=Transfer of AH-1S Cobra Attack Helicopters from Jordan Project of the Philippine Air Force|url=https://www.phdefresource.com/2019/11/transfer-of-ah-1f-cobra-attack.html?m=1|website=Philippine Defense Resource|access-date=June 12, 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[TAI/AgustaWestland T-129|TAI T129]]
|{{TUR}}
|serang
|T129B
|2
|4 dalam pesanan<ref>{{cite web|date=9 March 2022|title=2 of PAF's 6 Turkish-made attack choppers now in PH|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169348|publisher=Philippine News Agency|access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat latih]]
|-
|[[Cessna T-41 Mescalero|Cessna T-41]]
|{{USA}}
|latih primer
|T-41B
|15<ref>{{Cite web|title=Philippine Air Force (PAF) Modernization|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/philippines/paf-modernization-fighters.htm|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2021-07-08}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[SIAI-Marchetti SF.260]]
|{{ITA}}
|latih dasar / serang ringan
|SF.260TP
|21<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
|[[Aermacchi S-211|SIAI-Marchetti S.211]]
|{{ITA}}
|latih jet / serang ringan
|AS-211
|3<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" />
|
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]
|-
|[[Boeing Insitu ScanEagle]]
|{{USA}}
|[[Pesawat pengawasan|pengawasan]]
|ScanEagle II
|10<ref>{{cite web|title=US delivers ScanEagle UAS to Philippine Air Force|url=http://www.janes.com/article/78553/us-delivers-scaneagle-uas-to-philippine-air-force|website=IHS Jane's Defence Weekly|access-date=13 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=PHL to acquire eight more ScanEagle drones from US|url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/2019/06/06/phl-to-acquire-eight-more-scaneagle-drones-from-us/|website=Businessmirror.ph|access-date=6 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-14|title=U.S. Military Delivers Advanced Unmanned Aerial System to Philippine Air Force|url=https://ph.usembassy.gov/u-s-military-delivers-advanced-unmanned-aerial-system-to-philippine-air-force/|website=U.S. Embassy in the Philippines|language=en-US|access-date=2021-10-14}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[Elbit Hermes 450|Hermes 450]]
|{{ISR}}
|pengawasan
|
|4<ref name="UAV_1">{{cite web|date=September 10, 2020|title=Philippine Air Force receives full delivery of Hermes 900, Hermes 450 UAVs: report|url=https://www.israeldefense.co.il/en/node/45190|website=Israel Defense|access-date=September 10, 2020}}</ref>
|
|-
|[[Elbit Hermes 900|Hermes 900]]
|{{ISR}}
|pengawasan
|
|9<ref name="UAV_1" />
|
|}
<gallery widths="180" heights="120" class="center">
Berkas:FA-50 Golden Eagle (Philippine Air Force) cropped.jpg|[[T-50 Golden Eagle|KAI FA-50 Golden Eagle]]
Berkas:PAF OV-10 Bornco in Flight.jpg|[[OV-10 Bronco|North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco]]
Berkas:A-29B Super Tucano of the Philippine Air Force.jpg|[[EMB-314|Embraer EMB-314 Super Tucano]]
Berkas:S.211 PAF.jpg|[[Aermacchi S-211|SIAI-Marchetti S.211]]
Berkas:C-130H 5125.jpg|[[C-130 Hercules|Lockheed C-130 Hercules]]
Berkas:Philippine Air Force C-295M.JPG|[[C-295|CASA C-295]]
Berkas:2021-12-14 T129-001.jpg|[[TAI/AgustaWestland T-129|TAI/AgustaWestland T-129 ATAK]]
Berkas:A PAF Bell UH-1D on a HADR Mission 001.jpg|[[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Bell UH-1D Huey]]
</gallery>
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Angkatan Bersenjata Filipina]]
* [[Angkatan Darat Filipina]]
* [[Angkatan Laut Filipina]]
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{militer-stub}}
[[Kategori:Angkatan udara menurut negara|Filipina]]
[[Kategori:Militer Filipina]]
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