Wikipedia

Kekaisaran Bulgaria Pertama: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
EmausBot (bicara | kontrib)
Bot
581.829 suntingan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
 
(26 revisi perantara oleh 19 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{Infobox Former Country
|native_name = ц︢рьство бл︢гарское<br>Cǎr'stvo Bǎlgarskoje
|native_name = Първo Българско царство{{br}} Părvo Bălgarsko Tsarstvo
|conventional_long_name = Kekaisaran Bulgaria Pertama
|common_name = Bulgaria
|year_start = 681
|
|year_end = 1018
|continent = Eropa
|region = Balkan
|era = Abad Pertengahan
|status = Kekaisaran
|government_type = [[Monarki]] Absolut
|religion = [[Tengrisme]], [[Mitologi Slavia|Paganisme]]<br/><small>(681–864)</small><br/>[[Gereja Ortodoks Bulgaria|Ortodoks Bulgaria]]<br/><small>(864–1018)</small>
|legislature = [[Kurultai]]
|common_languages = Bulgar,<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=ANdbpi1WAIQC&pg=PA424&dq=bulgar+language&hl=bg&ei=MSbkTJfcHIGPswaI4KXzCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=bulgar%20language&f=false Jean W Sedlar, ''East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500'', University of Washington Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-295-80064-6, p. 424]</ref> [[Yunani Byzantium|Yunani]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=RB5aWgr7l-gC&pg=PA338&dq=bulgar+khanate+greek++language&hl=bg&ei=fsnkTJ7ZI4aWswahruDOCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CD0Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=bulgar%20khanate%20greek%20%20language&f=false The barbarian conversion: from paganism to Christianity, Richard A. Fletcher, University of California Press, 1999, ISBN 0-520-21859-0, p. 338]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Kx_NjXiMZM0C&pg=PA265&dq=bulgar+khans+greek++language&hl=bg&ei=JcvkTJvjHMHJswaM283GCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false A history of the Greek language: from its origins to the present, Francisco Rodríguez Adrados, BRILL, 2005, ISBN 90-04-12835-2, p. 265.]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=WlpPjOlVzQwC&pg=PA180&dq=bulgar+khans+greek++language&hl=bg&ei=JcvkTJvjHMHJswaM283GCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Even%20though%20the%20Bulgarsadopted%20Byzantine%20ways%2C%20and%20the%20Greek%20language%20was%20&f=false Greek East and Latin West: the church, AD 681-1071, St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 2007, ISBN 0-88141-320-8, p. 180.]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=YbS9QmwDC58C&pg=PA106&dq=greek+language+official+bulgar+khans&hl=bg&ei=017mTNH1HIbc4wa44tn4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q&f=false The early medieval Balkans: a critical survey from the sixth to the late twelfth century, John Van Antwerp Fine, University of Michigan Press, 1991, ISBN 0-472-08149-7, p. 106.]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=_-G1L-9Zec0C&pg=PA351&dq=greek+language+official+bulgar+khans&hl=bg&ei=GWDmTIDjNY6S4gbXoun4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCTgU#v=onepage&q&f=false The other Europe in the Middle Ages: Avars, Bulgars, Khazars, and Cumans, Florin Curta, Roman Kovalev, BRILL, 2008, ISBN 90-04-16389-1, pp. 350-351.]</ref><br/><small>(681–893)</small><br/>[[Gereja Slavonik Kuno|Bulgaria kuno]]<br/><small>(893–1018)</small>
|religion = [[Tengrisme]]
|event_start = Kedatangan [[Asparukh dari Bulgaria|Asparukh]]
|currency =
|date_start =
|event1 = [[Kristenisasi Bulgaria|Kristenisasi]]
|date_event1 = 864
|event2 = [[Bahasa Bulgaria Kuno|Bahasa Bulgaria]] menjadi bahasa nasional
|date_event2 = 893
|event3 = [[Simeon I dari Bulgaria|Simeon I]] menyatakan diri sebagai [[Tsar]]
|date_event3 = 913
|event_end = Jatuh ke tangan Byzantium
|date_end =
|flag_p1 = Simple Labarum.svg
|p1 = Quaestura exercitus
|p2 = Kekhagan Avar
|flag_p3 = The Monogram of Kubrat.png
|p3 = Bulgaria Kuno Raya
|flag_s1 = Simple Labarum.svg
|s1 = Kekaisaran Romawi Timur
|s2 = Kekaisaran Bulgaria Kedua
|image_map =Balkans850.png
|image_map_caption = Bulgaria dalam masa pemerintahan [[Simeon I dari Bulgaria|Simeon yang Agung]]
|
|capital = [[Pliska]]<br/><small>(681–893)</small><br/>[[Preslav]]<br/><small>(893–972)</small><br/>[[Skopje]]<br/><small>(972–992)</small><br/>[[Ohrid]]<br/><small>(992–1018)</small>
|year_start = 632
|currency =
|year_end = 1018
|
|event1 = Tibanya [[Asparukh dari Bulgaria|Asparukh]]
|date_event1 = 681
|event2 = [[Kristenisasi Bulgaria|Kristenisasi]]
|date_event2 = 864
|event3 = Jatuh ke tangan [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]]
|date_event3 = 1018
|
|p1 =
|flag_p1 = Blank.svg
|s1 = Kekaisaran Bulgaria Kedua
|flag_s1 = Coat of Arms of the Bulgarian Empire.PNG
|
|image_flag =
|flag =
|flag_type =
|
|image_coat =
|symbol = Singa
|symbol_type =
|
|image_map = Bulgaria Simeon I (893-927).svg
|image_map_caption = Bulgaria pada puncak kekuasaannya c. 920 dibawah [[Simeon I dari Bulgaria|Simeon I yang Agung]]
|
|capital = [[Pliska]] <small>(681–893)</small> {{br}} [[Preslav]] <small>(893–972)</small> {{br}} [[Skopje|Skopie]] <small>(972–992)</small> {{br}} [[Ohrid]] <small>(992–1018)</small>
|common_languages = [[Bahasa Bulgar]]
|religion = Paganisme dan Orthodox
|currency =
|leader1 = [[Asparukh dari Bulgaria|Asparukh]]
|leader2 = [[Presian II dari Bulgaria|Presian II]]
|year_leader1 = 681–700
|year_leader2 = 1018
|title_leader = [[KhanDaftar (gelar)Penguasa Bulgaria|KhanRaja]]/[[Tsar]] (Kaisar)
|stat_year1 = 895<ref name="Класика и стил">{{cite book |last1=Rashev |first1=Rasho |title=Българската езическа култура VII -IX в./Bulgarian Pagan Culture VII - IX c. (In Bulgarian |date=2008 |publisher=Класика и стил |isbn=9789543270392}}</ref>
|deputy1 =
|stat_area1 = 440000
|year_deputy1 =
|stat_year2 = 927<ref name="Класика и стил">{{cite book |last1=Rashev |first1=Rasho |title=Българската езическа култура VII -IX в./Bulgarian Pagan Culture VII - IX c. (In Bulgarian |date=2008 |publisher=Класика и стил |isbn=9789543270392}}</ref>
|title_deputy =
|stat_area2 = 325000
|
|stat_year3 = 1000<ref name="Класика и стил">{{cite book |last1=Rashev |first1=Rasho |title=Българската езическа култура VII -IX в./Bulgarian Pagan Culture VII - IX c. (In Bulgarian |date=2008 |publisher=Класика и стил |isbn=9789543270392}}</ref>
|stat_year1 = Abad ke-10
|stat_area3 = 235000
|stat_area1 = 750000
|today = {{Collapsible list |titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=Countries today|{{flag|Bulgaria}}|{{flag|Albania}}|{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}|{{flag|Croatia}}|{{flag|Greece}}|{{flag|Hungary}}|{{flag|Kosovo}}|{{flag|Macedonia}}|{{flag|Moldova}}|{{flag|Montenegro}}|{{flag|Romania}}|{{flag|Serbia}}|{{flag|Turkey}}|{{flag|Ukraine}}
|stat_pop1 = 4000000
|stat_year2 =
|stat_area2 =
|footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Kekaisaran Bulgaria Pertama''' ({{lang-bg|Първo Българско царство, ''Părvo Bălgarsko Tsarstvo}}'') adalah negara di [[Bulgaria]] pada [[abad pertengahan]] yang didirikan pada tahun 632 di daerah dekat [[delta sungai Donau]] dan mengalami disintegerasi tahun 1018 setelah dianeksasi oleh [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]]. Pada puncak kekuasaannya, Bulgaria terbentang dari [[Budapest]] hingga [[Laut Hitam]] dan dari sungai [[Dnieper]] di Ukraina hingga [[Laut Adriatik]].
'''Kekaisaran Bulgaria Pertama''' ({{lang-bg|Първo Българско царство, ''Pǎrvo Bǎlgarsko Carstvo}}'') adalah negara di [[Bulgaria]] pada [[abad pertengahan]] yang didirikan pada tahun 681 di daerah dekat [[delta sungai Donau]] dan mengalami disintegerasi tahun 1018 setelah dianeksasi oleh [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]]. Pada puncak kekuasaannya, Bulgaria terbentang dari [[Budapest]] hingga [[Laut Hitam]] dan dari sungai [[Dnieper]] di Ukraina hingga [[Laut Adriatik]].
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book
| last = Zlatarski
| first = Vasil N.
| authorlink = Vasil Zlatarski
| title = Medieval History of the Bulgarian State, Vol I: History of the First Bulgarian Empire, Part I: Age of Hunn-Bulgar Domination (679–852)
| publisher = Science and Arts Publishers, 2nd Edition (Petar Petrov, Ed.), Zahari StoyanovStojanov Publishers, 4th Edition, 2006
| year = 1918
| location = Sofia
| language = Bulgarian
| url = http://navigator.idg.bg/index.php?type=2&p=2169&id=4514676
|isbn = 9547366284
| isbn = 9547366284}} (История на българската държава през средните векове. Том I., История на Първото българско царство. Част I. Епоха на хуно-българското надмощие (679–852), София 1918)
|access-date = 2009-01-23
|archive-date = 2014-01-06
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140106182453/http://navigator.idg.bg/index.php?type=2&p=2169&id=4514676
|dead-url = yes
}} (История на българската държава през средните векове. Том I., История на Първото българско царство. Част I. Епоха на хуно-българското надмощие (679–852), София 1918)
* {{cite book
| last = Zlatarski
| first = Vasil N.
| authorlink = Vasil Zlatarski
| title = Medieval History of the Bulgarian State, Vol I: History of the First Bulgarian Empire, Part II: From Slavianization to the Fall of the First Bulgarian Empire (852–1018)
| publisher = Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2002
| year = 1927
| location = Sofia
| language = Bulgarian
| url = http://knigabg.com/index.php?page=book&id=2271&PHPSESSID=6e7a644cf7f0100a222bb7d55953be18
| isbn = }} (История на българската държава през средните векове. Том I. История на Първото българско царство. Част II. От славянизацията на държавата до падането на Първото царство (852–1018)], София 1927)
* {{cite book
|last = Бакалов
|first = Георги
|coauthors = Милен Куманов
|title = Електронна издание&nbsp;– История на България
|publisher = Труд, Сирма
|year = 2003
|location = София
|id =
|isbn = 9844830679
|language=Bulgarian
}}
* {{cite book
| title = Български хроники
| last = Цанев
| first = Стефан
| publisher = Труд, Жанет 45
| language = Bulgarian
| year = 2006
| location = София, Пловдив
| isbn = 954-528-610-5
}}
* {{cite book
| title = История и цивилизация за 11. клас
| last = Делев
| first = Петър
| coauthors = Валери Кацунов, Пламен Митев, Евгения Калинова, Искра Баева, Боян Добрев
| year = 2006
| language = Bulgarian
| publisher = Труд, Сирма
}}
* {{cite book
| url = http://www.mfa.government.bg/history_of_Bulgaria/
| title = Българите и България
| publisher = Министерство на външните работи на България, Труд, Сирма
| year = 2005
| language = Bulgarian
|access-date = 2009-01-23
}}
|archive-date = 2005-11-10
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20051110094231/http://www.mfa.government.bg/history_of_bulgaria/
|dead-url = yes
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Fine, Jr.
| first = John V.A.
| year = 1991
| title = The Early Medieval Balkans
| publisher = [[University of Michigan]] Press
| location = [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]]
| isbn = 978-0472081493
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Runciman
| first = Steven
| authorlink = Steven Runciman
| title = A History of the First Bulgarian Empire
| publisher = G. Bell & Sons, London
| year = 1930
| language = English
| url = http://www.questia.com/library/book/a-history-of-the-first-bulgarian-empire-by-steven-runciman.jsp }}
 
[[Kategori:Pendirian tahun 681]]
{{sejarah-stub}}
 
[[Kategori:Bekas kerajaan di Eropa]]
[[Kategori:Pendirian tahun 632]]
[[Kategori:Pembubaran tahun 1018]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Bulgaria]]
Baris 150 ⟶ 147:
[[Kategori:Bekas negara di Balkan]]
 
{{Link FA|cs}}
{{Link GA|pl}}
 
{{sejarah-stub}}
[[an:Primer Imperio Bulgaro]]
[[az:Birinci Bulqar dövləti]]
[[be:Першае Балгарскае царства]]
[[bg:Първа българска държава]]
[[ca:Primer Imperi Búlgar]]
[[cs:První bulharská říše]]
[[da:Første bulgarske rige]]
[[en:First Bulgarian Empire]]
[[es:Primer Imperio búlgaro]]
[[fa:امپراتوری نخست بلغارستان]]
[[fi:Ensimmäinen Bulgarian valtakunta]]
[[fr:Premier Empire (Bulgarie)]]
[[he:האימפריה הבולגרית הראשונה]]
[[hu:Az első dunai bolgár birodalom]]
[[hy:Բուլղարական առաջին կայսրություն]]
[[it:Primo impero bulgaro]]
[[ja:第一次ブルガリア帝国]]
[[mk:Прво бугарско царство]]
[[nl:Eerste Bulgaarse Rijk]]
[[nn:Det første bulgarske riket]]
[[no:Det første bulgarske riket]]
[[os:Болгарийы Фыццаг паддзахад]]
[[pl:Historia Bułgarii (681-1018)]]
[[ro:Țaratul Bulgar]]
[[ru:Первое Болгарское царство]]
[[simple:First Bulgarian Empire]]
[[sl:Prvo bolgarsko cesarstvo]]
[[sr:Прво бугарско царство]]
[[sv:Första bulgariska riket]]
[[th:จักรวรรดิบัลแกเรียที่ 1]]
[[tr:Birinci Bulgar İmparatorluğu]]
[[tt:Berençe Bolğar patşalığı]]
[[uk:Перше Болгарське царство]]
[[zh:保加利亚第一帝国]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bulgaria_Pertama"