F-104 Starfighter: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|more users= [[German Air Force]] <br />[[Turkish Air Force]] <br />[[Italian Air Force]]<!-- "More users" field limited to THREE (3) total. Please do not edit-war to add you favorite air force to this list by deleting others. Also note that Canada's CF-104 and Italy's F-104S have their own articles listed below in Variants. Thanks. -->
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'''Lockheed F-104 Starfighter''' adalah [[pesawat]]
Pesawat tipe ini umumnya digunakan sebagai [[pesawat pembom]] berkecepatan-tinggi di [[Eropa]] sejak tahun [[1960-an]] hingga [[1980-an]].
Pada tahun [[1958]], pesawat F-104 Starfighter pernah menciptakan rekor dunia baru dengan kecepatan 2.259,82
Starfighter adalah pesawat tempur pertama yang mampu bertahan dalam penerbangan kecepatan Mach 2, kecepatan dan kinerja dalam memanjat tetap mengesankan bahkan oleh standar modern. Dilengkapi dengan sayap tipis bermata pisau supersonik (terlihat dari kokpit hanya dalam cermin), ia dirancang untuk kinerja optimal dengan kecepatan Mach 1,4. Jika digunakan secara tepat, dengan kecepatan tinggi, dan serangan kejutan luar biasa, bisa menjadikannya lawan tangguh bagi pesawat lain. Pesawat ini sangat stabil pada kecepatan tinggi (600 + kts) dan pada tingkat yang sangat rendah, sehingga menjadi pesawat tempur taktis yang tangguh. Namun, ketika menjadi mengubah kecepatan rendah dengan lawan subsonik konvensional, hasil dogfights selalu rata-rata. Jari-jari berputar yang besar F-104 adalah akibat kecepatan tinggi yang diperlukan untuk manuver.
Catatan keselamatan yang buruk dari Starfighter membawa pesawat ini ke mata publik, khususnya saat melayani Luftwaffe (Angkatan Udara Jerman). Skandal suap Lockheed seputar kontrak pembelian menyebabkan kontroversi besar di Eropa dan Jepang.
Sebuah masalah mesin adalah bahwa pembukaan yang tidak diperintah dari nosel pendorong variabel (biasanya akibat hilangnya oli mesin), meskipun mesin akan berjalan normal pada daya tinggi, pembukaan nosel mengakibatkan penurunan drastis terhadap daya dorong. Sebuah modifikasi dapat diinstal di penutup kontrol nosel secara manual untuk mengurangi masalah tersebut. Mesinnya juga diketahui sering kali terjadi afterburner saat lepas landas atau bahkan pada saat non-pengapian yang mengakibatkan kerugian besar terhadap daya dorong.
Kecelakaan fatal pertama dalam pelayanan di Jerman disebabkan oleh ini. Beberapa awak pesawat mengalami aktivasi sistem “Stick Kicker” pada tingkat rendah ketika terbang lurus yang bertingkat, sehingga F-104 sering terbang dengan sistem dinonaktifkan. Penyebaran flap secara asimetris adalah penyebab umum lain kecelakaan.
== Julukan ==
Starfighter dikenal dengan beberapa nama julukan di berbagai negara:
* [[Amerika Serikat]] - ''Zipper'' atau "Zip-104" (merujuk kepada kecepatannya yang tinggi).
* [[Jepang]] - ''Eiko'' ("keagungan").
* [[Jerman]] - ''Witwenmacher'' ([[bahasa Inggris]]: "widowmaker"), ''fliegender Sarg'' ("peti mayat terbang") atau ''Erdnagel''
* [[Pakistan]] - ''Badmash'' ("hooligan"/perusuh).
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== Varian ==
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* {{negaranama|Norwegia}}
* {{negaranama|Pakistan}}
* [[Berkas:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|25px|
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* [[Berkas:Flag of Spain 1945 1977.svg|25px|
* {{negaranama|Turki}}
* {{negaranama|Yordania}}
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== Spesifikasi (F-104G) ==
[[Berkas:F-104 3-view.jpg|
[[Berkas:J79 components.jpg|
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== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Refbegin}}
* Bashow, David L. ''Starfighter: A Loving Retrospective of the CF-104 Era in Canadian Fighter Aviation, 1961–1986''. Stoney Creek, Ontario: Fortress Publications Inc., 1990. ISBN 0-919195-12-1.
* Bashow, David L. "Starwarrior: A First Hand Look at Lockheed's F-104, One of the Most Ambitious Fighters ever Designed!" ''Wings'', Vol. 16, no. 3, June 1986.
* Bowman, Martin W. ''Lockheed F-104 Starfighter''. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: Crowood Press Ltd., 2000. ISBN 1-86126-314-7.
* Coggins, Ed. ''Wings That Stay on''. Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company, 2000. ISBN 978-1-56311-568-4.
* Donald, David, ed. ''Century Jets''. Norwalk, Connecticut: AIRtime Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-880588-68-4.
* Drendel, Lou. ''F-104 Starfighter in action,'' Aircraft No. 27. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1976. ISBN 0-89747-026-5.
* Fricker, John and Paul Jackson. "Lockheed F-104 Starfighter". ''Wings of Fame'', Volume 2, 1996, pp. 38–99. London: Aerospace Publishing. ISBN 1-874023-69-7.
* Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. ''The Great Book of Fighters''. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-1194-3.
* Higham, Robin and Carol Williams. ''Flying Combat Aircraft of USAAF-USAF (Vol.2)''. Manhattan, Kansas: Sunflower University Press, 1978. ISBN 0-8138-0375-6.
* Hobson, Chris. ''Vietnam Air Losses, USAF, USN, USMC, Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973''. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2001. ISBN 1-85780-115-6.
* Jackson, Paul A. ''German Military Aviation 1956–1976''. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1976. ISBN 0-904597-03-2.
* Jagan, Mohan P.V.S. and Samir Chopra. ''The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965''. New Delhi: Manohar, 2006. ISBN 81-7304-641-7.
* Jenkins, Dennis R. "Hun Heaven, The Super Sabre Dance." ''Wings Magazine'', Vol. 35, No. 12, December 2005.
* Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. ''Experimental & Prototype U.S. Air Force Jet Fighters.'' North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58007-111-6.
* Käsmann, Ferdinand C.W. ''Die schnellsten Jets der Welt'' (German language) Planegg, Germany: Aviatic-Verl., 1994. ISBN 3-925505-26-1.
* Kinzey, Bert. ''F-104 Starfighter in Detail & Scale''. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: TAB books, 1991. ISBN 1-85310-626-7.
* Knaack, Marcelle Size. ''Encyclopedia of USAF Aircraft and Missile Systems: Vol. 1, Post-WW II Fighters 1945–1973''. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History, 1978. ISBN 0-912799-59-5
* Kropf, Klaus. ''German Starfighters''. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 2002. ISBN 1-85780-124-5.
* Matricardi, Paolo. ''Aerei militari: Caccia e ricognitori, Volume 1''. Milan: Mondadori Electa, 2006. No ISBN.
* Nicolli, Ricardo. "Starfighters in the AMI". ''[[Air International]],'' Volume 31, No. 6, December 1986, pp. 306–313, 321–322.
* Pace, Steve. ''Lockheed F-104 Starfighter''. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1992. ISBN 0-87938-608-8.
* Pace, Steve. ''X-Fighters: USAF Experimental and Prototype Fighters, XP-59 to YF-23''. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1991. ISBN 0-87938-540-5.
* Reed, Arthur. ''F-104 Starfighter – Modern Combat Aircraft 9''. London: Ian Allan Ltd., 1981. ISBN 0-7110-1089-7.
* Sgarlato, Nico. "F-104 Starfighter" (in Italian). ''Delta editions'', Great Planes Monograph series, February 2004.
* Smith, Philip E. and Peggy Herz. ''Journey Into Darkness: the Gripping Story of an American Pow's Seven Years Trapped Inside Red China During the Vietnam War''. New York: Pocket Books, 1992. ISBN 0-671-72823-7.
* Stachiw, Anthony L. and Andrew Tattersall. ''CF-104 Starfighter (Aircraft in Canadian Service)''. St. Catharine's, Ontario, Canada: Vanwell Publishing Limited, 2007. ISBN 1-55125-114-0.
* Thompson, J. Steve with Peter C. Smith. ''Air Combat Manoeuvres: The Technique and History of Air Fighting for Flight Simulation''. Hersham, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan Publishing, 2008. ISBN 978-1-903223-98-7.
* Thompson, Warren. "Starfighter in Vietnam". ''International Air Power Review''. Volume 12, Spring 2004. Norwalk, Connecticut, USA: AirTime Publishing. 2004. ISBN 1-880588-77-3.
* Toliver, Raymond F. and Trevor J. Constable. ''Holt Hartmann vom Himmel! (in German)'' Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch Verlag, 1985. ISBN 3-87943-216-3
* Upton, Jim. ''Warbird Tech – Lockheed F-104 Starfighter''. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2003. ISBN 1-58007-069-8.
* ''USAF Class A mishap rates through the end of 2007''. Kirtland AFB, New Mexico: USAF Safety and Inspection Center, 2007.
* van der Zeeuw, Ton. "Lockheed F-104G Starfighter." ''Vliegend in Nederland 2'' (in Dutch). Eindhoven, Netherlands: ''[[Flash Aviation]]'', 1987. ISBN 978-90-71553-03-5.
* Weal, John. "Jagdeschwader 'Richthofen': Phoenix Twice Risen". ''Wings of Fame'', Volume 1, 1995, pp. 142–165. London: Aerospace Publishing. ISBN 1-874023-68-9.
* Yeager, Chuck and Leo Janos. ''Yeager, An Autobiography''. New York: Bantam Books, 1985. ISBN 0-553-05093-1.
* Windle, Dave and Bowman, Martin. ''Profiles of Flight, Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, Interceptor/Strike/Reconnaissance Fighter.'' (2011) Pen and Sword, Great Britain. ISBN 978-1-84884-449-0.
{{Refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
* {{en}} [http://www.dcr.net/~stickmak/JOHT/joht12f-104.htm Starfighter details and assessment, by Rodford Edmiston Smith] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128051431/http://www.dcr.net/~stickmak/JOHT/joht12f-104.htm |date=2021-11-28 }}▼
* {{en}} [http://www.i-p-v.de/welle/download/starfighter.zip Welle:Erdball video clip, lot of Starfighter scenes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041206085725/http://www.i-p-v.de/welle/download/starfighter.zip |date=2004-12-06 }}▼
▲* {{en}} [http://www.dcr.net/~stickmak/JOHT/joht12f-104.htm Starfighter details and assessment, by Rodford Edmiston Smith]
* {{en}} [http://www.starfighters.net/ "Starfighters: The World's Fastest Airshow Team"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906062328/http://www.starfighters.net/ |date=2013-09-06 }}▼
▲* {{en}} [http://www.i-p-v.de/welle/download/starfighter.zip Welle:Erdball video clip, lot of Starfighter scenes]
* {{en}} USAF Museum: [http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/modern_flight/mf46.htm F-104C in collection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527220952/http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/modern_flight/mf46.htm |date=2005-05-27 }} dan informasi mengenai [http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104a.htm XF-104 hingga F-104A] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527230923/http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104a.htm |date=2005-05-27 }}, [http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104b.htm F-104B dan D] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527231240/http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104b.htm |date=2005-05-27 }}, [http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104c.htm F-104C] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527231714/http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104c.htm |date=2005-05-27 }} dan [http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104g.htm F-104G] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527232144/http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/research/fighter/f104g.htm |date=2005-05-27 }}
▲* {{en}} [http://www.starfighters.net/ "Starfighters: The World's Fastest Airshow Team"]
* {{en}} [http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=113 Lockheed F-104 Starfighter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151202075141/http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=113 |date=2015-12-02 }}▼
* {{en}} [http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/usa/airdef/f-104.htm F-104 Starfighter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001009032625/http://fas.org/nuke/guide/usa/airdef/f-104.htm |date=2000-10-09 }}
▲* {{en}} [http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=113 Lockheed F-104 Starfighter]
* {{en}} [http://www.jetplanes.co.uk/f104.html F104 Starfighter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802200341/http://www.jetplanes.co.uk/f104.html |date=2008-08-02 }}
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