Yahudi Suriah: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Yahudi Suriah<br> יהודי סוריה, اليهود السوريون<br><small>''yehudut suriyah''</small>, <small>
[[File:Jewish family in Damascus, 1910.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Sebuah keluarga Yahudi di [[Damaskus]], digambarkan dalam rumah kuno damaskus, pada [[Kekaisaran Ottoman | Ottoman]] Suriah, 1901]]▼
| image= [[Berkas:Jewish family in Damascus, 1910.jpg|250px]]
▲
|population = '''175.000 sampai 200.000'''(perkiraan)
|region1 = {{flag|Israel}}
|pop1 = 80.000
|region2 = {{flag|United States}}
|pop2 = 75.000
|region3 = {{flag|Syria}}
|pop3 =80<ref name=U.S.DepartmentofState>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2005/51610.htm Syria – International Religious Freedom Report 2005 (broken)] U.S. Department of State</ref>
|region4 ={{flag|United Kingdom}}
|region5 ={{flag|Argentina}}
|region6 ={{flag|Brazil}}
|pop6 = 7.000
|region8 ={{flag|Mexico}}
|pop8 = ~16.000
|region9 ={{flag|Panama}}
|pop9 = 10.000
|languages = [[bahasa Ibrani|Ibrani]], [[bahasa Arab|Arab]], [[bahasa Prancis|Prancis]], [[bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]
|religions = [[Yudaisme Ortodoks]]
|related = [[Yahudi Mizrahi]], [[Yahudi Sefardim]], kelompok Yahudi lain, orang Suriah lain, orang Timur Tengah lain
}}
{{Yahudi}}
'''Yahudi Suriah''' ([[bahasa Ibrani]]: יהודי סוריה, [[bahasa Arab]]: اليهود السوريون) adalah
* * == Sejarah ==
[[File:JewishPupilsDamascus.jpg|thumb|left|Murid Yahudi di sekolah Maimonides dalam 'Amarah al Juwwānīyah, di Maison Lisbona bersejarah di Damaskus. Foto itu diambil sesaat sebelum eksodus sebagian besar komunitas Yahudi Suriah yang tersisa pada tahun 1992]]▼
▲Ada orang-orang Yahudi di Suriah sejak zaman kuno: menurut tradisi masyarakat, sejak zaman [[Raja Daud]], dan tentu saja sejak zaman [[Romawi kuno]]. Pada 70 SM ada sekitar 10.000 orang Yahudi di Damaskus. {{cn|date=September 2012}} Yahudi dari komunitas kuno ini dikenal sebagai ''Musta'arabim'' (Arab Yahudi) untuk diri mereka sendiri, atau Morisco untuk Yahudi Sephardim. <ref>This term may be derived from the Spanish for "Moorish", or may be a corruption of ''[[Mashriq]]is'', meaning Arabic-speakers from eastern countries.</ref> Banyak Sephardi tiba menyusul saat pengusiran dari Spanyol pada tahun 1492, dan dengan cepat mengambil posisi terdepan di masyarakat.
Pada abad
Orang Yahudi yang tergabung dalam komunitas [[Kurdi]] (berasal dari wilayah Kurdistan) merupakan bagian lain dari Yahudi Suriah yang kehadirannya di Suriah mendahului kedatangan Yahudi
Pada abad
==
==
<gallery>
▲
File:Alepporabbiwithsecretary.jpg|Kepala Rabbi Jacob Saul Dwek, Hakham Bashi dari [[Aleppo]], [[Suriah]], 1908.
File:Rabbiandofficialsofaleppogreatsynagogue.jpg|Rabbi Jacob Saul Dwek dan para pejabat sinagoge besar di Aleppo.
File:Aleppo-Jewish201914.jpg|Pernikahan Yahudi di Aleppo, Suriah, 1914
</gallery>
{{-}}
== Nama keluarga ==
{{Multicol}}
* Abadi, Abady, Abadie
* Abboud
* Abulafia; Achab; Achar
* Ades; Adjmi, Agmi, Agami
* Akel
* Alfieh, Alfie, Alfiye
* Allati; Altaras; Alvial; Amash; Amiga
* Amkieh
* Antebi, Anteby
* Anzarut, Anzaroot
* Araman; Arazi; Arzt; Ariel; Arje
* Arking, Arakanchi
* Armut,Karmut; Ashear, Ashqar; Shakra
* Ashkenazi, Askenazi, Eskenazi
* Assa (Minfakh); Assoulin
* Attar
* Attia, Atiyyah
* Ayoub; Azar, Elazar; Azizo; Azrak
* Badra; Baghdadi; Bari; Barnathan
* Bailey, Balleh; Blanca, Blanga; Blanco
* Ballas; Blaskovic, Balashki; Belilios
* Banbahji; Barmash; Baruch (Abadi)
* Bassul
* Behar, Bekhar, Bechar; Bechor; Benun
* Braha, Beraha, Beracha
* Betech, Betesh
* Beyda, Bayda, Beda; Biba; Bibi; Bobo
* Bijou, Biggio, Del Bigio; Bissou; Bozo
* Bouzali; Boukai, Bucay; Bukkei, Cain
* Breska; Cabasso
* Calvo; Cannan; Cario; Castro; Cassab
* Castika; Cattan, Catton, Kattan, Qattan
* Cayre
* Chappan; Chemtob
* Cheney, Tchini; Chera, Shira; Shiro
* Chua; Churba; Cohen
* Dabbah, Dabba
* Dahab
* Dana; Daniel; Darbakli
* Dayan (Davidic descent); Bendayan
* Dayeh (Mishan); Deiri
* Dibbo; Dichy
* Didya
* Dweck, Dwek, Doueck, Douek
* Ebani, Cobbeni, Kubbany
* Eida; Elbaz; Elnadav; Elo; Erani; Eyov
* Erfeli
* Falack; Fallah
* Fannan; Fnounou; Faour; Faqs, Faks
* Farah; Farhi; Farha; Farca; Farrashe
* Fattal; Fernandez; Fouerte (Khaleh)
* Franco; Freiwa (Khalife); Frija; Frestaki
* Friedman; Fteha; Gadeh, Kada; Jaddaa
* Galante; Galapo; Gateno; Ghazaleh
* Gindi, Guindi (Zaknish); Gindic, Guindic
* Gilla; Goldman; Grazi; Green; Guerra
{{Multicol-break}}
* Haber; Habet; Habuba; Haddad; Hadid
* Hadriye, Khidrieh; Hidary, Khoudari
* Haim, Himy; Hawi; Hakim; Elyakim
* Halabi, Halabieh; Halewa; Hamadani
* Hamui, Hamoui, Hamway
* Hamra; Hara; Hanan; Hanon
* Harari (Raful), Harary (Naem); Hasbani
* Hardia; Herrera-Cohen; [[Hassan|Hasson]]; Husni
* Hayyat, Khayat; Jayat; [[Hazzan|Hazan]]; Hebb
* Hedaya; Hefetz, Heffez; Helfon, Halfon
* Helu, Hilou; Helwani, Halawani, Helueni
* Hlaleh; Homsany
* Horn
* Hini, Ini, Aini
* Jaamour; Jamous, Djamous, Djamus
* Jajati; Jouejati (MiDamesek); Janani
* Jemal, Djemal, Gemal; Gammal; Jamal
* Jradeh; Kabariti
* Kadshe; Kadosh; Kameo
* Kamkhaji; Kamkhadji; Kamahi; Kamhi
* Kassab, Kassar, Khalusi (Dwek)
* Kassin
* Kbabieh, Kababieh
* Khabbaz; Khafif, Jafif; Khalife; Khamri
* Khaski, Chasky, Hasky, Haski, Jaski
* Khouli, Kholi; Kilzi, Kelsi; Kishk
* Kochab, Kochav, Kohab, Cojab
* Kos; Kredi; Kurdi; Kuan; Labaton
* Laboz; Ladkani; Lahham, Laham; Lala
* Lalo; Lolo; Lagnado, Lañado
* Laoui, Lawi; Lavy; Lewy; Levi, Levy
* Lati; Kalati; Lisbona; Lofes, Lopez
* Loz; Lozeh; Lozieh; Lombrozo
* Mahanna, Mehanna, Mehani; Majzoub
* Malach, Malakh; Malas; Maleh; Malek
* Mamiye, Mamille
* Mamrud, Mamrout
* Mandil; Mandel; Mann
* Manopla; Mansour
* Marcus; Martinez, Martinez-Cohen
* Maslaton (Tarrab); Matalon
* Masri, Massry, Massre, Missri; Missrie
* Mattut, Mattout; Mawas; Meborach
* Menaged; Menashe
* Metta, Mitta
* Mineh; Mnefikhi; Minfakh; Minyan; Miro
* Mishan, Michan, Mishaan; Mishanieh
* Mismar; Mizrahi; Mezrahi
* Mizreb
* Mlabasati; Moshon; Monsa; Musan
* Mograbi, Mugrabi, Mograbie, Mograby
* Moreno; Mosseri, Mossery
* Mouadeb, Mouhadeb, Movazeb; Musalli
* Mustaki; Musa, Moussa; Naftali
* Nahmias, Nachmias; Nahum, Nahoum
* Najjar, Nadjar; Najara; Nadjari; Nigri
{{Multicol-break}}
* Nakkash, Nakash
* Nasser; Nseiri, Nusseiri; Nassi; Nissim
* Natkin; Nawama; Nawlo
* Nehmad; Nahmod; Newah
* Paredes; Pardo; Penhos
* Peretz, Perez; Picciotto, De Picciotto
* Pinto; Politti; Qamishli; Qubursi; Rabi
* Rafoul, Raful; Rahmey; Rawas; Rayek
* Reuben, Ruben; Rishty; Rofé (Khallouf)
* Romano; DelaRosa, Rosillio; Rudy
* Saad; Saada; Saade; Saadia; Said
* Saba; Sabbagh; Saban; Scaba; Escava
* Safdie, Safdieh, Safadi, Savdie
* Safra; Sakka
* Saleh; Salem; Salama
* Sankari; Ankari; Sannado; Schneider
* Sardar
* Sarfati
* Sayegh; Sayyagh; Sefami; Semah
* Semantob; Serouya (Taraman); Serieh
* Shaalo, Shacalo, Shakalo, Chakalo
* Shaab, Shaib; Shabbe; Shabi; Shabbo
* Shabbot (Rofé); Shahino; Shakruka
* Shalam; Shalme; Shalom
* Shamah; Shameh; Shamma; Shami
* Shammosh, Shamosh, Carmon
* Shamrikha; Shams; Sharbati; Shasho
* Shattah; Shawafan; Shaya; Shayo
* Shehebar
* Shomer; Shriti, Slelat (both Cohen)
* Shrem, Chrem, Cherem
* Shweke, Chueke
* Silvera, Silveira (Senior); Sitt
* Skef; Shkefati
* Solomon; Salman; Salmoun; Suleiman
* Srour, Srur, Sarur, Serur, Serour; Srugo
* Stambouli
* Sutton, Sethon, Setton
* Swed, Sweid, Sued
* Tabbush (Ades-Antebi) Tache; Yatshe
* Tahan; Tarrab; Tayah; Tarzi
* Tawil; Toussie (both from Eli haCohen)
* Tebele
* Tobias
* Tourgeman, Tourjeman
* Tuachi, Tawachi
* Turkieh
* Wayya, Alwaya; Yabo
* Yakar; Yashar; Yarhi; Yohros; Yazdi
* Yedid
* Zafrani, Zaafrani, Zafarani (Salem)
* Zaga, Zagha; Zaghal; Zaibak, [[:File:Zeibak.jpg|Zeibak]], Zuubeck
* Zahur; Zalta; Zlekta; Zleta; Zarif, Zarife
* Zarur, Zerur, Zrur, Zarour, Zaroor, Zarura
* Zayat, Zayyat; Zeitoune, Zetuni, Zetuna
* Zephaniah; Zirdok; Zonana
{{Multicol-end}}
==
* [[Sefardim]]
===Historis===▼
* [[Sinagoge]]
*''Ma?zor Aram Tsoba'': Venice 1527, 1560▼
*''Bet El'' (seli?ot and morning service), Abraham ?amwi: Livorno 1878 (repr. New York 1982)▼
*''Bet Din'' (Rosh Hashanah), Abraham ?amwi: Livorno 1878 (repr. Jerusalem 1986)▼
*''Bet ha-Kapporet'' (Kippur), Abraham ?amwi: Livorno 1879▼
*''Bet Sim?ah'' (Sukkot), Abraham ?amwi: Livorno 1879 (repr. Jerusalem 1970)▼
*''Bet ha-Be?irah'' (Pesa?), Abraham ?amwi: Livorno 1880 (repr. Jerusalem 1985)▼
*''Seder Olat Tamid'' (''min?ah'' and ''arbit'' only): Aleppo 1907▼
*''Olat ha-Sha?ar'': Aleppo 1915▼
==
*''Seder Seli?ot'', ed. Shehebar: Jerusalem 1973▼
*''Bet Yosef ve-Ohel Abraham'': Jerusalem, Man?ur (Hebrew only, based on Baghdadi text) 1974–1980▼
▲* ''Bet El'' (
*''Siddur le-Tish'ah be-Ab'', ed. Shehebar: Jerusalem 1976▼
*''Mahzor Shelom Yerushalayim'', ed. Albeg: New York, Sephardic Heritage Foundation 1982▼
*''Siddur Kol Mordechai'', ed. Faham bros: Jerusalem 1984 (''min?ah'' and ''arbit'' only)▼
*''Sha'are Ratson'', ed. Moshe Cohen: Tel Aviv 1988, repr. 2003 ([[High Holy Days]] only)▼
*''Kol Yaakob'', ed. Alouf: New York, Sephardic Heritage Foundation 1990 (Hebrew only; revised edition 1996, Hebrew and English; a new edition is in preparation)▼
*''The Aram Soba Siddur: According to the Sephardic Custom of Aleppo Syria'', Moshe Antebi: Jerusalem, Aram Soba Foundation 1993 (''min?ah'' and ''arbit'' only)▼
*''Or?ot ?ayim'', ed. Yedid: Jerusalem 1995 (Hebrew only)▼
*''Orot Sephardic Siddur'', Eliezer Toledano: Lakewood, NJ, Orot Inc. (Hebrew and English: Baghdadi text, Syrian variants shown in square brackets)▼
*''Siddur Abodat Haleb / Prayers from the Heart'', Moshe Antebi, Lakewood, NJ: Israel Book Shop, 2002▼
*''Abir Yaakob'', ed. Haber: Sephardic Press (Hebrew and English, Shabbat only)▼
*''Siddur Ve-ha'arev Na'', ed. [[Isaac S.D. Sassoon]], 2007▼
=== Modern ===
▲* ''Bet Yosef ve-Ohel Abraham'': Jerusalem,
▲* ''Siddur le-Tish'ah be-Ab'', ed. Shehebar: Jerusalem 1976
▲* ''Mahzor Shelom Yerushalayim'', ed. Albeg: New York, Sephardic Heritage Foundation 1982
▲* ''Sha'are Ratson'', ed. Moshe Cohen: Tel Aviv 1988, repr. 2003 ([[High Holy Days]] only)
▲* ''Kol Yaakob'', ed. Alouf: New York, Sephardic Heritage Foundation 1990 (Hebrew only; revised edition 1996, Hebrew and English; a new edition is in preparation)
▲* ''The Aram Soba Siddur: According to the Sephardic Custom of Aleppo Syria'', Moshe Antebi: Jerusalem, Aram Soba Foundation 1993 (''
▲* ''Orot Sephardic Siddur'', Eliezer Toledano: Lakewood, NJ, Orot Inc. (Hebrew and English: Baghdadi text, Syrian variants shown in square brackets)
▲* ''Siddur Abodat Haleb / Prayers from the Heart'', Moshe Antebi, Lakewood, NJ: Israel Book Shop, 2002
▲* ''Abir Yaakob'', ed. Haber: Sephardic Press (Hebrew and English, Shabbat only)
▲* ''Siddur Ve-ha'arev Na'', ed. [[Isaac S.D. Sassoon]], 2007
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== Pustaka tambahan ==
* Abadi, J.F., ''A Fistful of Lentils: Syrian-Jewish Recipes from Grandma Fritzie's Kitchen'': Harvard 2002. Hardback: ISBN 1-55832-218-3
* Ades, Abraham, ''Derech Ere"tz'': Bene Berak 1990
* Collins, Lydia, ''The Sephardim of Manchester: Pedigrees and Pioneers'': Manchester 2006 ISBN 0-9552980-0-8
* Dobrinsky, Herbert C.: ''A treasury of Sephardic laws and customs: the ritual practices of Syrian, Moroccan, Judeo-Spanish and Spanish and Portuguese Jews of North America.'' Revised ed. Hoboken, N.J.
* Dweck, Poopa and Michael J. Cohen, ''Aromas of Aleppo: The Legendary Cuisine of Syrian Jews'': HarperCollins 2007, ISBN 0-06-088818-0, ISBN 978-0-06-088818-3
* Harel, Yaron, ''Sifre Ere"tz: ha-Sifrut ha-Toranit shel Ḥachme Aram Tsoba'' (The Books of Aleppo: Torah Literature of the Rabbis of Aleppo): Jerusalem 1996 [http://www.sephardicstudies.org/pdf/aleppo.pdf summarized here]
* Idelsohn, A.Z., ''Phonographierte Gesänge und Aussprachsproben des Hebräischen der jemenitischen, persischen und syrischen Juden'': Vienna 1917
* {{Citation|surname=Katz|given=Ketsi'ah|year=1981|title=Masoret ha-lashon ha-'Ibrit shel Yehude Aram-Tsoba (Ḥalab) bi-qri'at ha-Miqra ve-ha-Mishnah (The Hebrew Language Tradition of the Jews of Aleppo in the Reading of the Bible and Mishnah)|publisher=Magnes Press, Jerusalem|id=ISSN 0333-5143}}
* Kligman, Mark, ''Maqam and Liturgy: Ritual, Music and Aesthetics of Syrian Jews in Brooklyn'', Detroit 2009
* Laniado, David Tsion, ''La-Qedoshim asher ba-are"ts'': Jerusalem 1935 repr. 1980
* Laniado, Samuel, ''Debash ve-ḤALAB al-leshonech'': Jerusalem 1998/9 (Hebrew)
* Roden, Claudia, ''A New Book of Middle Eastern Food'': London 1986 ISBN 0-14-046588-X
* Roden, Claudia, ''The Book of Jewish Food'': New York 1997, London 1999 ISBN 0-14-046609-6
* Sethon, Menasheh, ''Kelale Diqduq ha-Qeriah'', Aleppo 1914, printed in Ḥamwi, ''[http://hebrewbooks.org/34521 Peh Eliyahu]'' pp. 391–400
* Shelemay, Kay Kaufman, ''Let Jasmine Rain Down'', Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology: 1998. Hardback: ISBN 0-226-75211-9, Paperback: ISBN 0-226-75212-7.
* Smouha, Patricia, ''Middle Eastern Cooking'', London 1955 ASIN: B0000CJAHX
* Sutton, David, ''Aleppo: City of Scholars'': Artscroll 2005 ISBN 1-57819-056-8 (partly based on Laniado, ''La-Qedoshim asher ba-are"ts'')
* Sutton, Joseph, ''Aleppo Chronicles: the Story of the Unique Sepharadeem of the Ancient Near East – in their Own Words'': Brooklyn 1988
* Sutton, Joseph, ''Magic Carpet: Aleppo in Flatbush'': Brooklyn 1979
* Zenner, Walter P., ''A Global Community: The Jews from Aleppo, Syria'': Wayne State University Press 2000 ISBN 0-8143-2791-5
* _______."The Ethnography of Diaspora: Studying Syrian Jewry," [[Marshall Sklare Award]] address, 1997
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.misham.org Damascus (Syria) Jewry Organization in Israel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517174246/http://misham.org/ |date=2014-05-17 }}
* [http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=41543 Jews who call Syria home] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513183817/http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=41543 |date=2013-05-13 }}
* [http://www.jewishgen.org/SefardSIG/AleppoJews.htm The Jews of Aleppo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212235217/http://www.jewishgen.org/SefardSIG/AleppoJews.htm |date=2016-12-12 }}
* [http://www.aleppojews.com/indexeng.php World Center for Aleppo (Halab) Jews Traditional Culture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903164316/http://www.aleppojews.com/indexeng.php |date=2011-09-03 }}
* [http://www.pizmonim.org The Sephardic Pizmonim Project]
* [http://aleppocodex.org The Aleppo Codex Website]
Baris 263 ⟶ 297:
* [http://www.merkaz.com Merkaz Moreshet Yisrael] Sephardic Foundation for Torah Studies
* [http://www.shaar-binyamin.com Sha'ar Binyamin]: Damascus Jewry (Hebrew and Spanish)
* [http://www.aromasofaleppo.com Aromas of Aleppo Cookbook] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815181543/http://www.aromasofaleppo.com/ |date=2013-08-15 }}
* [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/11/dining/11sephardic.html?em&ex=1160798400&en=a7a35c354d5cf3f5&ei=5087%0A NY Times article]
* [http://www.farhi.org Les Fleurs de L'Orient]
Baris 270 ⟶ 304:
* [http://www.imageusa.com Sephardic Image]
* [http://www.scclive.org/ Sephardic Community Center (Brooklyn)]
* [http://www.jewishaz.com/jewishnews/041112/syrian.shtml Syrian Jews Mark 100 Years in U.S.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080306101537/http://www.jewishaz.com/jewishnews/041112/syrian.shtml |date=2008-03-06 }}
* [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/14/magazine/14syrians-t.html?ex=1193112000&en=3b4b5b5e474a5613&ei=5070 The Sy Empire ] [[New York Times Magazine]]
* [http://www.jewishpinkelephant.com Jewish Pink Elephant Website: "Ideas of a Syrian American Orthodox Gay Jew" with resources
* [http://www.fw-magazine.com/category/1/283 Syrian Jews at home and in the diaspora, [[Forward Magazine]]][[Forward Magazine]]
* [http://www.tabletmag.com/life-and-religion/47395/road-from-damascus/ Road From Damascus, [[Tablet Magazine]]][[Tablet Magazine]]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Km7J6FFjhQE Syrian Jews]
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