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Kampanye Nugini: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(22 revisi perantara oleh 12 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{infobox military conflict
| conflict = Kampanye Guinea BaruNugini
| partof = [[Perang Pasifik|Teater Pasifik]] pada [[Perang Dunia II]]
| image = [[ImageBerkas:Australian infantry and armour at Buna (AWM 014008).jpg|300px]]
| caption = 7 Januari 1943. Pasukan Australia [[Pertempuran Buna-GonaBuna–Gona|menyerang posisi Jepang di dekat Buna]]. (Fotografer: George Silk).
| date = 23 Januari 1942 – Agustus 1945
| place = Australia [[Teritori Papua|Papua]] dan [[Teritori Nugini|Nugini]];<br>[[GuineaNugini BaruBelanda]]
| coordinates =
| map_type =
Baris 20:
| combatants_header =
| combatant1 = {{flag|Australia}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Territory of Papua.svg|Australia23px}} [[Teritori Guinea BaruPapua|Papua]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Territory of New Guinea.svg|23px}} [[Teritori Nugini|Nugini]]
{{flag|Amerika Serikat|1912}}<br>{{flag|Belanda}}<br>
{{flag|SelandiaAmerika BaruSerikat|1912}}<br>{{flag|Britania Raya}}<br>{{flagdeco|Belanda}} [[Pemerintahan Belanda di pengasingan|Belanda]]
*{{flagicon|Fiji}} [[Koloni Fiji]]▼
| combatant2 = {{flag|Kekaisaran Jepang}}
| combatant3commander1 = {{Plainlist|
| commander1 =* {{flagiconflagdeco|United States|1912|size=23px}} [[Douglas MacArthur]]<br>{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Thomas Blamey]]
* {{flagdeco|United States|1912|size=23px}} [[George Kenney]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Hitoshi Imamura]]<br>{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Hatazō Adachi]]<br>{{flagicon|Japan}} Heisuke Abe (1886 &ndash; 1943, tewas akibat [[Dracunculiasis]]) {{KIA}} <ref>[http://www.generals.dk/general/Abe/Heisuke/Japan.html Biography of Lieutenant-General Heisuke Abe - (阿部平輔) - (あべ へいすけ) (1886 – 1943), Japan]. Generals.dk. Retrieved on 2013-09-18.</ref>
* {{flagdeco|United States|1912|size=23px}} [[Robert Eichelberger]]
* {{flagdeco|United States|1912|size=23px}} [[Arthur Carpender]]
* {{flagdeco|United States|1912|size=23px}} [[Daniel Barbey]]
}}
| commander2 = {{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}} [[Hitoshi Imamura]]
▲* {{flagicon|FijiEmpire of Japan}} [[KoloniHatazō FijiAdachi]]
* {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}} [[Tomitarō Horii]]{{KIA}}
* {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}} [[Isoroku Yamamoto]]{{KIA}}
* {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}} [[Jisaburo Ozawa]]
* {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}} [[Jinichi Kusaka]]
* {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}} [[Masatomi Kimura]]
}}
| commander3 =
| units1 =
Baris 33 ⟶ 45:
| units3 =
| strength1 =
| strength2 = 350.000<ref name=Tanakaii>Tanaka 1980, p. ii.</ref>
| strength3 =
| casualties1 = 42.000 total<ref>[http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/new-guinea/ng.htm New Guinea: The US Army Campaigns of World War II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111221082120/http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/new-guinea/ng.htm |date=21 December 2011 }}. 8,500 prior to January 1943, 24,000 between January 1943 and April 1944, and 9,500 from April 1944 to the end of the war. Retrieved 23 July 2015.</ref>
| casualties1 =
* {{flagicon|AUS}} (sekitar 7.000 tewas)<ref name=Fenton/>
| casualties2 = ▼
* {{flagicon|US|1912}} 12.291 (4.684 tewas)<ref>Statistical and Accounting Branch Office of the Adjutant General 1953, p. 94</ref>
▲| casualties2 = 202.100 total tewas
* 127.600 di pulau utama Nugini<ref name=Fenton/>
* 44.000 di Bougainville<ref name=Fenton/>
* 30.500 di Britania Baru, Irlandia Baru, dan Kepulauan Admiralty<ref name=Fenton>{{cite web |author=Fenton, Damien |date=1 June 2004 |url=http://ajrp.awm.gov.au/AJRP/remember.nsf/709e228818bdf765ca256a9a001dad4d/58ebd6d993e15ce8ca256d05002671fd |title=How many died? |publisher= Australian War Memorial |access-date=13 June 2020}}</ref>
| casualties3 =
| notes =
| campaignbox =
}}
'''Kampanye Guinea BaruNugini''' pada masa [[Perang Pasifik]] berlangsung dari Januari 1942 hingga Agustus 1945. Pada tahun 1942, [[Kekaisaran Jepang]] menginvasi teritoriwilayah [[Australia]] di [[Guinea BaruNugini]] dan jajahan [[Belanda]] di [[Papua]]. Sekutu mulai menghalau Jepang dari Papua, dan kemudian dari Guinea BaruNugini.
 
Pertempuran antara pasukan Sekutu dan Jepang dimulai dengan [[Pertempuran Rabaul (1942)|serangan Jepang terhadap Rabaul]] pada tanggal 23 Januari 1942. Rabaul dijadikan sebagai pangkalan utama Jepang di daratan Guinea BaruNugini, termasuk ketika berlangsungnya [[Kampanye Kokoda Track]] pada Juli 1942 dan [[Pertempuran Buna-Gona]] pada Januari 1943. Pertempuran di beberapa wilayah di Guinea BaruNugini terus berlanjut sampai perang berakhir pada bulan Agustus 1945.
 
Jenderal [[Douglas MacArthur]] sebagai komandan di wilayah Pasifik Barat Daya berperan sebagai pemimpin pasukan Sekutu. MacArthur mendirikan basis militer di [[Melbourne]], [[Brisbane]] dan [[Manila]]. Pasukan Jepang Divisi ke-8, di bawah pimpinan Jenderal [[Hitoshi Imamura]], bertanggung jawab untuk merebut Guinea BaruNugini dan Solomon dandengan berpusatpusat di Rabaul. Sedangkan Pasukan Jepang Divisi ke-18, dipimpin oleh Letnan Jenderal [[Hatazō Adachi]], bertanggung jawab untuk mempertahankan Guinea BaruNugini dari serangan Sekutu.
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
* {{cite book
| last = Dexter
| first = David
| year = 1961
| url = http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=22
| title = Volume VI – The New Guinea Offensives
| series = [[Australia in the War of 1939–1945]]
| location = Canberra
| publisher = [[Australian War Memorial]]
| accessdate = 2006-12-16
|archive-date = 2008-10-11
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081011225321/http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=22
|dead-url = yes
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Drea
| first = Edward J.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1998
| chapter =
| title = In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army
| publisher = University of Nebraska Press
| location = Nebraska
| isbn = 0-8032-1708-0
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Gailey
| first = Harry A.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2004
| chapter =
| title = MacArthur's Victory: The War In New Guinea 1943–1944
| publisher = Random House
| location = New York
| id = ISBN
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Leary
| first = William M.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2004
| chapter =
| title = We Shall Return!: MacArthur's Commanders and the Defeat of Japan, 1942–1945
| publisher = University Press of Kentucky
| location =
| isbn = 0-8131-9105-X
}}
* {{cite book
| last = McCarthy
| first = Dudley
| year = 1959
| url = http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=21
| title = Volume V – South–West Pacific Area – First Year: Kokoda to Wau
| series = [[Australia in the War of 1939–1945]]
| location = Canberra
| publisher = [[Australian War Memorial]]
| accessdate = 2006-12-16
|archive-date = 2006-08-27
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060827071847/http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/chapter.asp?volume=21
|dead-url = yes
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Taafe
| first = Stephen R.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2006
| chapter =
| title = MacArthur's Jungle War: The 1944 New Guinea Campaign
| publisher = University Press Of Kansas
| location = Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.
| isbn = 0-7006-0870-2
}}
* Zaloga, Steven J. ''Japanese Tanks 1939–45.'' Osprey, 2007. ISBN 978-1-84603-091-8.
* Hungerford, T.A.G. (1952). ''The Ridge and the River''. Sydney: Angus & Roberston. Republished by Penguin, 1992; ISBN 0-14-300174-4.
* {{cite web
| last = Nelson
| first = Hank
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| date =
| year =
| month =
| url = http://rspas.anu.edu.au/papers/sources.html
| title = Report on Historical Sources on Australia and Japan at war in Papua and New Guinea, 1942–45
| work =
| pages =
| publisher =
| language =
| accessdate = 2006-12-13
| archive-date = 2012-02-04
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120204071901/http://rspas.anu.edu.au/papers/sources.html
| dead-url = yes
}}
* {{cite book
| last =
| first =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| date =
| year =
| month =
| url = http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V1/index.htm
| title = The Campaigns of MacArthur in the Pacific, Volume I
|series = Reports of General MacArthur
| pages =
| publisher = [[United States Army Center of Military History]]
| language =
| accessdate = 2006-12-08
|archive-date = 2009-02-12
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090212181053/http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V1/index.htm
|dead-url = yes
}}
* {{cite web
| last =
| first =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| date =
| year =
| month =
| url = http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V2%20P1/macarthurv2.htm#contents
| title = Japanese Operations in the Southwest Pacific Area, Volume II – Part I
| series = Reports of General MacArthur
| pages =
| publisher = [[United States Army Center of Military History]]
| language =
| accessdate = 2006-12-08
| archive-date = 2008-01-25
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080125072601/http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V2%20P1/macarthurv2.htm#contents
| dead-url = yes
}} Translation of the official record by the Japanese Demobilization Bureaux detailing the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy's participation in the Southwest Pacific area of the [[Pacific War]].
* {{cite book| title = Papua| first = Charles R. | last = Anderson| url = http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/papua/papua.htm | publisher = [[United States Army Center of Military History]]| id = CMH Pub 72-7 | series = World War II Campaign Brochures| location = Washington D.C.|access-date = 2013-12-17|archive-date = 2009-02-16|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090216064219/http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/papua/papua.htm|dead-url = yes}}
* {{cite book| title = Papua| first = Edward J. | last = Drea | url = http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/new-guinea/ng.htm | publisher = [[United States Army Center of Military History]]| id = CMH Pub 72-9 | series = World War II Campaign Brochures| location = Washington D.C.|access-date = 2013-12-17|archive-date = 2011-12-21|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111221082120/http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/new-guinea/ng.htm|dead-url = yes}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |author= |title=New Guinea campaign |encyclopedia=The Oxford Companion to World War II |editor1=I. C. B. Dear |editor2=M. R. D. Foot |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001 |isbn=9780198604464}}
* {{cite book |author=Japanese Research Division |publisher=General Headquarters Far East Command, Foreign Histories Division |year=1950 |title=Sumatra Invasion and Southwest Area Naval Mopping-Up Operations, January 1942 – May 1942 |series=Japanese Monographs, No. 79A |url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/Japan/Monos/pdfs/JM-79A_SumatraInvasionSWNaval-Jan-May42/JM-79a.htm}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.wwiireels.com National Archive Video of Hollandia Bay, New Guinea Invasion]
* {{Internet Archive film clip|id=gov.archives.arc.39024|description=ALLIES STUDY POST-WAR SECURITY ETC. (1944)}}
 
Baris 183 ⟶ 215:
{{Perang-stub}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:New Guinea CampaignNugini}}
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1942]]
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1943]]
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1944]]
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1945]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Amerika Serikat]]
[[Kategori:Perang melibatkan Papua Nugini]]
Baris 193 ⟶ 225:
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Britania Raya]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Jepang]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Belanda|Kampanye militer Nugini]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Selandia Baru]]
[[Kategori:TeaterPalagan Pasifik dalam Perang Dunia II]]
[[Kategori:Operasi militerPertempuran dan pertempuranoperasi militer dalam Perang Dunia II]]
[[Kategori:Papua Nugini dalam tahun 1943]]
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