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[[Berkas:Bible code in Genesis 1,1-4.jpg|280px|rightka|thumbjmpl|[[Kejadian 1]]:1-4, dimulai dari huruf [[taw (huruf Ibrani)|''taw'']] pada ayat 1 dan tiga huruf berikutnya yang masing-masing berjarak 50 huruf membentuk kata <big>תורה</big> (''torah''; "Taurat"). Biblia Hebraica (edisi) Kittel (BHK) 1909.]]
[[Berkas:Bible code in Exodus 1,1-6.jpg|280px|rightka|thumbjmpl|[[Keluaran 1]]:1-6, empat huruf berurutan, dimulai dari [[taw (huruf Ibrani)|''taw'']], masing-masing berjarak 50 huruf membentuk kata <big>תורה</big> (''torah''; "Taurat"). Biblia Hebraica (edisi) Kittel (BHK) 1909.]]
'''Kode Alkitab''' ({{lang-en|Bible code}}; {{lang-he|צפנים בתנ"ך}}; juga dikenal sebagai '''Kode Taurat''' atau ''Torah code'') adalah suatu set pesan rahasia yang diyakini tersembunyi dalam teks naskah [[Alkitab]]. Pada awalnya terfokus pada kode-kode dalam [[Alkitab Ibrani]], terutama [[Taurat]], tetapi kemudian juga dalam bagian [[Perjanjian Baru]] yang ada pada [[Alkitab]] orang [[Kristen]]. Kode-kode tersembunyi ini dapat dibaca dengan suatu metode dimana huruf-huruf tertentu dalam teks itu dapat dipilih dengan aturan khusus untuk membentuk pesan rahasia yang disembunyikan. Meskipun desas-desus adanya kode-kode rahasia dalam Alkitab sudah terdengar dan dipelajari berabad-abad silam, topik ini menjadi populer pada zaman modern dengan terbitnya buku karya [[:en:Michael Drosnin|Michael Drosnin]] berjudul ''[[:en:The Bible Code (book)|The Bible Code]]'' dan film ''[[:en:The Omega Code|The Omega Code]]'' ("Kode [[Omega]]").
 
Banyak contoh telah didokumentasi dipada masa lampau. Salah satu yang sering dikutip adalah dari [[Kitab Kejadian]], di mana dengan mengurutkan setiap huruf ke-50 mulai dari huruf [[taw (huruf Ibrani)|''taw'']] yang pertama (pada [[Kejadian 1:1]]), akan terbaca [[bahasa Ibrani|kata Ibrani]] yang bermakna "[[Taurat]]". Hal yang sama dapat ditemukan dalam [[Kitab Keluaran]] (setiap huruf ke-50 dari huruf [[taw (huruf Ibrani)|''taw'']] yang muncul pertama di kitab itu). Pada [[Kitab Bilangan]] dan [[Kitab Ulangan]] kata yang sama muncul dengan jarak huruf masing-masing 50 dan 49, tetapi dieja terbalik.
 
Komputer modern telah digunakan untuk meneliti pola-pola yang serupa maupun variasi yang lebih kompleks, serta telah dipublikasikan sebagai "teka-teki menantang" pada suatu jurnal ''peer-reviewed'' pada tahun 1994. Para pendukungnya menyatakan bahwa sangat tidak mungkin urutan-urutan semacam itu dapat muncul secara kebetulan, sedangkan para skeptik dan penentang menyatakan bahwa urutan-urutan tersebut seringkalisering kali muncul secara kebetulan, sebagaimana dapat ditunjukkan dalam teks berbahasa Ibrani maupun Inggris yang lain.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://unitedisrael.org/blog/2009/11/ | title=Bible Codes: Looking Back a Dozen Years | archiveurl= httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100813085248/http://unitedisrael.org/blog/2009/11/ | archivedate= 2010-08-13 | access-date=2014-03-26 | dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
== Sejarah ==
Baris 11:
Budaya Yahudi mempunyai tradisi panjang untuk penafsiran, anotasi dan komentari [[Alkitab Ibrani]], menghasilkan baik [[eksegesis]] dan [[eisegesis]] (menarik makna dari teks dan menerapkan makna pada teks). Kode Alkitab dapat dipandang sebagai suatu bagian dari tradisi ini, meskipun bersifat kontroversial. Sepanjang sejarah, banyak orang Yahudi, dan kemudian orang [[Kristen]], mencoba menemukan pesan-pesan tersembunyi dalam teks Alkitab, termasuk [[Isaac Newton]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Isaac Newton|url=http://jahtruth.net/newton.htm|publisher=JAH Publications}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bible Code|url=http://www.paranormality.com/bible_code.shtml|publisher=paranormality.com}}</ref>
 
Seorang [[rabbi]] yang tinggal di [[Spanyol]] pada abad ke-13, [[Bachya ben Asher]], mungkin merupakan orang pertama yang menggambarkan ELS dalam Alkitab. Contohnya yang terdiri dari 4 huruf berkaitan dengan titik nol dari [[Kalender Ibrani]]. Berabad-abad kemudian, ada gejala bahwa teknik ELS sudah diketahui, tetapi hanya sedikit contoh definitif yang muncul sebelum pertengahan abad ke-20. Pada titik ini banyak contoh ditemukan dan dikumpulkan oleh rabbi yang tinggal di SlovakiaSlowakia, Rabbi [[Michael Ber Weissmandl]] dan dipublikasikan oleh murid-muridnya setelah ia meninggal pada tahun 1957. Namun, praktik ini terus dilakukan oleh sedikit orang sampai awal tahun 1980-an, ketika sejumlah penemuan seorang guru sekolah Israel, Avraham Oren, menarik perhatian ahli matematika [[Eliyahu Rips]] pada [[Hebrew University]] di Yerusalem. Rips kemudian mempelajarinya bersama partner studi agamanya [[Doron Witztum]] dan Alexander Rotenberg, serta yang lain.
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Rips and Witztum designed computer software for the ELS technique and subsequently found many examples. About 1985, they decided to carry out a formal test, and the "Great rabbis experiment" was born. This experiment tested the hypothesis that ELS's of the names of famous rabbinic personalities and their respective birth and death dates form a more compact arrangement than could be explained by chance. Their definition of "compact" was complex but, roughly, two ELSs were compactly arranged if they can be displayed together in a small window. When Rips ''et al.'' carried out the experiment, the data was measured and found to be statistically significant, supporting their hypothesis.
Baris 26:
 
Witztum dan Rips juga melakukan eksperimen-eksperimen lain yang kebanyakan berhasil, meskipun tidak ada yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal-jurnal. Eksperimen lain di mana nama-ama rabbi terkenal dicocokkan dengan tempat kelahiran dan kematian mereka (bukan dengan tanggal-tanggalnya), dilakukan pada tahun 1997 oleh Harold Gans, bekas ''Senior [[Cryptology#NSA involvement|Cryptologic]] Mathematician'' untuk [[National Security Agency]] [[Amerika Serikat]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torahcode.net/people/gans.shtml |title=? }}</ref>
Lagi-lagi, hasilnya ditafsirkan sebagai bermakna dan bukan dari kebetulan.<ref>http://www.torah-code.org/controversy/gans_statement.pdf</ref> Kode-kode Alkitab ini menjadi dikenal oleh publik terutama karena seorang wartawan Amerika Serikat, [[:en:Michael Drosnin|Michael Drosnin]], menerbitkan buku ''[[The Bible Code]]'' ([[Simon and Schuster]], 1997) yang menjadi nomor satu dalam penjualan di berbagai negara. Rips mengeluarkan pernyataan publik bahwa ia tidak mendukung karya maupun kesimpulan Drosnin;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.despatch.cth.com.au/Articles_V/Torah_Extracts.htm |title=Public Statement by Dr. Rips on Michael Drosnin's theories |publisher=despatch.cth.com.au}}</ref> juga Gans telah mengatakan meskipun buku itu menyatakan bahwa kode-kode dalam Taurat dapat digunakan untuk meramal peristiwa masa depan: "Ini secara absolut tidak berdasar. Tidak ada dasar ilmiah maupun matematika untuk pernyataan semacam itu, dan pemikiran yang digunakan untuk sampai pada kesimpulan buku itu cacat secara logis."<ref>http://www.skepdic.com/bibcode.html</ref> Pada tahun 2002, Drosnin menerbitkan buku kedua dengan topik sama, berjudul ''Bible Code II: the Countdown''.
 
Kelompok penjangkauan Yahudi "Aish-HaTorah" menggunakan kode Alkitab pada "Discovery Seminars" mereka untuk meyakinkan orang Yahudi sekuler akan keilahian Taurat, dan mendorong mereka untuk mempercayai pengajaran Ortodoks tradisional Yahudi. Pemakaian teknik kode Alkitab juga menyebar ke kalangan Kristen tertentu, khususnya di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Pendukung awalnya adalah [[Yakov Rambsel]], seorang penganut [[Yudaisme Mesianik]], dan [[Grant Jeffrey]]. Teknik kode Alkitab lain dikembangkan pada tahun 1997 oleh Dean Coombs (juga seorang Kristen). Berbagai [[pictogram]] diklaim dibentuk oleh kata-kata dan kalimat-kalimat menggunakan ELS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bible-codes.org |title=Bible Code Pictograms Bible Codes that form images that predict the future |publisher=bible-codes.org |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref>
 
Sejak 2000, ahli fisika Nathan Jacobi, seorang Yahudi agnostik, dan insinyur Moshe Aharon Shak, seorang Yahudi ortodoks, mengklaim telah menemukan ratusan contoh ELS panjang dan luas.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biblecodedigest.com |title=Find what you are looking for |publisher=biblecodedigest.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010 | archiveurl= httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20101026015526/http://biblecodedigest.com/| |archivedate= October 2010-10-26, 2010 | deadurl=no no}}</ref> Angka-angka ELS luas dengan panjang yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan teks-teks tanpa kode, yang ditentukan dengan formula dari teori [[Markov chain]].<ref>Sherman, R. Edwin, with Jacobi and Swaney. 2005. ''Bible Code Bombshell'' Green Forest, Ar.: New Leaf Press. 281–286</ref>
 
== Metode ELS ==
Metode utama untuk mendapatkan pesan-pesan bermakna adalah ''Equidistant Letter Sequence'' (ELS; "Urutan-urutan huruf berjarak sama"). Guna memperoleh suatu ELS dari sebuah teks, pembaca memilih suatu titik awal (pada prinsipnya, huruf apapun) dan suatu angka jarak loncatan, juga secara acak dan dapat pula bernilai negatif (meloncat mundur). Kemudian, dari huruf titik awal itu diurutkan huruf-huruf dengan jarak yang telah ditetapkan oleh angka jarak loncatan tadi. Misalnya, dalam kalimat "'''t'''his '''s'''ent'''e'''nce '''f'''orm '''a'''n EL'''S'''", jika diloncati dengan jarak −4, dan tidak mempedulikan spasi atau tanda baca, maka kata diperoleh kata ''safest''.
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Often more than one ELS related to some topic can be displayed simultaneously in an ''ELS letter array''. This is produced by writing out the text in a regular grid, with exactly the same number of letters in each line, then cutting out a rectangle. In the example below, part of the [[King James Version of the Bible|King James Version]] of [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] (26:5–10) is shown with 3321 letters per line. ELSs for BIBLE and CODE are shown. Normally only a smaller rectangle would be displayed, such as the rectangle drawn in the figure. In that case there would be letters missing between adjacent lines in the picture, but it is essential that the number of missing letters be the same for each line.
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<center>[[ImageBerkas:Code de la Biblebible_code_example.pngsvg|jmpl|Susunan huruf-huruf dari [[Kitab Kejadian]] 26:5–10 dalam pembagian 3321 per kolom, akan mendapatkan kata-kata "Bible" dan "code". Aturan lain menghasilkan kata-kata lain pula.]]</center>
 
Meskipun contoh di atas dalam teks bahasa Inggris, pendukung kode Alkitab biasanya menggunakan teks bahasa aslinya, yaitu [[bahasa Ibrani]] untuk [[Taurat]] ataupun [[Perjanjian Lama]]/[[Alkitab Ibrani]], serta [[bahasa Yunani]] untuk [[Perjanjian Baru]]. Dengan alasan agamawi, kebanyakan pendukung Yahudi hanya menggunakan [[Taurat]] yaitu [[Kitab Kejadian]] sampai [[Kitab Ulangan]] saja.
 
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=== Ekstensi ELS ===
 
OncePada awaktu specificsuatu wordkata hastertentu beenditemukan founddengan as anmetode ELS, itadalah islazim naturaluntuk tomemeriksa seeapakah ifkata thatitu wordmerupakan isbagian partdari ofELS ayang longerlebih ELSpanjang yang consistingterdiri ofdari multiplebeberapa wordskata.<ref>Shak, Moshe Aharon. 2004. ''Bible Codes Breakthrough''. Montreal: Green Shoelace Books. 38</ref> For exampleMisalnya, indi thetengah middlekolom ofpaling thekanan rightmostdalam columnmatriks ofkotak thedi boxedatas matrix above is theterdapat ELS "he". AfterSetelah searchingmeneliti immediatelydi aboveatas anddan belowdi thisbawah ELS ini, wedapat see anotherdilihat ELS lain ("toe") thatyaitu isdi rightsebelah belowkanan thebawah ELS "he" ELS. CodePara pioneerspionir kode Haralick anddan Rips havetelah publishedmenerbitkan ansuatu examplecontoh ofdari aekstensi longer,ELS extendedpanjang ELS, whichyang readsmemuat, "DestructionKehancuran Iaku willakan callmenyatakan you;padamu, cursed isterkutuklah Bin Laden anddan revengebalas isdendam toadalah thebagi [[MessiahMesias]]."<ref>Haralick, Rips, and Glazerson. 2005. ''Torah Codes: A Glimpse into the Infinite''. New York: Mazal & Bracha. 125</ref><ref>[http://www.torah-code.org/papers/belgpdf.pdf Long Phrases in Torah Codes] karya Art Levitt, Nachum Bombach, Harold Gans, Robert Haralick, Leib Schwartzman, Chaim Stal. 2004.</ref>
 
ELS extensions that form phrases or sentences are of interest. It follows from the basics of probability theory that the longer the extended ELS, the less likely it is to be the result of chance.<ref>Sherman, R. Edwin, with Jacobi and Swaney. 2005. ''Bible Code Bombshell'' Green Forest, Ar.: New Leaf Press. 95–109</ref>▼
 
 
 
▲Ekstensi ELS extensionsyang thatmembentuk formfrasa phrasesatau orkalimat sentencessangat aremenarik of interestperhatian. ItMenurut followsteori fromprobabilitas thedasar, basicssemakin ofpanjang probability theory that the longer the extendedekstensi ELS, the less likelysemakin itkecil iskemungkinan tobahwa beitu thedihasilkan resultdari ofkebetulan chancesemata.<ref>Sherman, R. Edwin, with Jacobi and Swaney. 2005. ''Bible Code Bombshell'' Green Forest, Ar.: New Leaf Press. 95–109</ref>
 
== Kritik ==
 
TheUrutan precisetepat orderhuruf-huruf ofkonsonan consonantalIbrani letters represented in the Hebrewpada [[MasoreticTeks TextMasoret]] wasmenjadi onlybaku finalizeddalam inbentuknya itssekarang currenthanya formsejak inabad thepertama first centuryMasehi, largely through theterutama energiesdari ofpekerjaan Rabbi [[Akiva ben Joseph]]. HoweverNamun, itdiketahui isdari knownversi fromyang earlierlebih versionskuno, such as themisalnya [[DeadNaskah SeaLaut ScrollsMati]], thatbahwa thejumlah numberhuruf ofsebelumnya letterstidaklah was not constant before thiskonstan. TheTeori Biblekode codeAlkitab theory thus does not seem totampaknya accounttidak formemperhitungkan thesevariasi variationsini.<ref>J. Scott Duvall, J. Daniel Hays, 2012, ''Grasping God's Word: A Hands-On Approach to Reading, Interpreting, and Applying the Bible'', p. 337. "TheBantahan scholarlypara rebuttalssarjana toterhadap Biblekode-kode codesAlkitab havesangat been devastatingmenghancurkan. TheseBantahan-bantahan rebuttalsini havemenampilkan providedbukti strongkuat evidencebahwa thattidak thereada ishal nothingmistis mysticalatau orilahi divine aboutmengenai ELS. TheArgumen-argumen argumentsyang leveleddiberikan againstmelawan thismetode methodpencarian ofpesan findingrahasia secretini messagesdapat falldigolongkan intoke twodalam basicdua categorieskategori: thatyang relatingberhubungan todengan probabilityprobabilitas, anddan thatyang relatingberhubungan todengan textualvariasi variationstekstual... TextualVariasi variationstekstual: AnotherKelemahan flawlain inpada thependekatan ELS approachadalah isbahwa thatpara itspendukungnya proponentstampaknya seemtidak unawaretahu ofadanya variationsvariasi inpada the text of theteks OldPerjanjian TestamentLama..."</ref>
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The primary objection advanced against Bible codes is that [[information theory]] does not prohibit "noise" from appearing to be sometimes meaningful. Thus, if data chosen for ELS experiments are intentionally or unintentionally "cooked" before the experiment is defined, similar patterns can be found in texts other than the Torah. Although the probability of an ELS in a random place being a meaningful word is small, there are so many possible starting points and skip patterns that many such words can be expected to appear, depending on the details chosen for the experiment, and that it is possible to "tune" an ELS experiment to achieve a result which appears to exhibit patterns that overcome the level of noise.
 
Baris 110 ⟶ 107:
 
Skeptic [[Dave Thomas (physicist)|Dave Thomas]] claimed to find other examples in many texts. While Thomas' methodology was alleged to have been refuted by [[Robert Haralick]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torah-code.org/papers/skeptical_inquirer_02_15_07.pdf |title=Skeptical About the Reasoning of the Bible Code Skeptic |author=Robert M |publisher=torah-code.org |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref> and others, Thomas's criticisms were aimed at Drosnin, whose methodology was actually far worse. (In fact, Drosnin's example of "Clinton" in his first book violated the basic Bible Code concept of "Minimality"; Drosnin's "Clinton" was a completely invalid "code"). In addition, McKay claimed that Drosnin had used the flexibility of Hebrew [[orthography]] to his advantage, freely mixing classic (no vowels, Y and W strictly consonant) and modern (Y and W used to indicate ''i'' and ''u'' vowels) modes, as well as variances in spelling of K and T, to reach the desired meaning. In his television series ''[[John Safran vs God]]'', Australian television personality [[John Safran]] and McKay again demonstrated the "tuning" technique, demonstrating that these techniques could produce "evidence" of the September 11 terrorist attacks on New York in the lyrics of [[Vanilla Ice]]'s repertoire. Additionally, "coded" references in non-Torah Bible texts, as for instance the famous [[Number of the Beast]], do not use the Bible code technique. And, the influence and consequences of scribal errors (e.g., misspellings, additions, deletions, misreadings, ...) are hard to account for in the context of a Bible coded message left secretly in the text. McKay and others claim that in the absence of an objective measure of quality and an objective way to select test subjects, it is not possible positively to determine whether any particular observation is significant or not. For that reason, most of the serious effort of the skeptics has been focused on the scientific claims of Witztum, Rips and Gans.
 
==Jenis lain kode Alkitab ==▼
Contoh lain alleged prediction coded in the text of the Bible, which is also attributed to Rabbi [[Chaim Michael Dov Weissmandl]] (who was mentioned above),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torahone.com/docs/TorahCodes.htm |title=I am statistically significant |publisher=torahone.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref> concerns the hanging of 10 Nazi leaders on October 16, 1946 following the [[Nuremberg Trials]]. Rabbi Weissmandl claimed that this event was predicted by the Biblical story about the hanging of the 10 sons of [[Haman (Bible)|Haman]], also as a final consequence of a (failed) genocidal plan against the Jews. The "coded" aspect of his speculation is that in the [[Masoretic text]] of the Bible, three letters within the list of Haman's sons are marked as small letters:<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=860&letter=S&pid=1 "Small and Large Letters"] in the: [[Jewish Encyclopedia]], Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901–1906. Volume 11, p. 411-412.</ref> the tav {{hebrew|ת}} of Parshandatha, the shin {{hebrew|ש}} of Parmashtha and the zayin {{hebrew|ז}} of Vajezatha. Rabbi Weissmandl pointed out that if you combine the three small letters together they form the word {{hebrew|תשז}}, which in the accepted Hebrew notation for year numbers (using [[Gematria]]) corresponds to the Jewish year [5]707 [[Anno Mundi]],<ref>Using the Jewish method of recording years, the number 707 can represent the year 5707, this is the "minor era" system of notation of the [[Jewish Calendar#Epoch|Jewish year]]. For example, Webster's New World Hebrew Dictionary states: "In practice . . . the thousands are skipped and the Jewish year is referred to by quoting, in Jewish numerical symbols, the figure from the hundreds down" (p. xxiv, Introduction, The Jewish Calendar). See also [[chronogram]].</ref> which is the Jewish year that the 10 Nazi leaders were executed (October 16, 1946 corresponds to Tishrei 21, 5707, the day known as ''Hoshanna Rabba,'' the day of severe judgments for the nations of the world, according to the Jewish calendar).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hebcal.com/converter/ |title=Hebrew Date Converter |publisher=hebcal.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://calendarhome.com/converter/ |title=Calendar Converter |publisher=calendarhome.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100927100957/http://calendarhome.com/converter/| archivedate= September 27, 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Many people criticize various aspects of this speculation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkreason.org/articles/Purim.cfm |title=Purim 1946? Not Exactly |author=Ephraim Rubin |date=August 9, 2002 |publisher=talkreason.org accessdate=October 6, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ralphriver.blogspot.com/2005/03/small-and-large-letters-in-esther.html |title=Ralph the Sacred River |date=March 28, 2005 |publisher=ralphriver.blogspot.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dovbear.blogspot.com/2005/03/purimfest-1946.html |title=Purimfest 1946!! |date=March 24, 2005 |publisher=dovbear.blogspot.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=4BSyeyoG_1AC&printsec=frontcover&dq=shackles+fundamentalism#v=onepage&q=nuremberg&f=false |author=R. D. Gold |title=Bondage of the Mind: How Old Testament Fundamentalism Shackles the Mind and Enslaves the Spirit |publisher=Aldus Books |year=2008 |isbn= 978-0-9796406-0-5 |page=71}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/shlomi_tal/saga.html |title=Genealogical Saga of Judaism (2001) |publisher=infidels.org |accessdate=October 6, 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100928024726/http://infidels.org/library/modern/shlomi_tal/saga.html| archivedate= September 28, 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/failed_messiahcom/2008/03/purim-fest-1946.html |title=Purim Fest, 1946 – A Tale of Kiruv |publisher=failedmessiah.typepad.com}}</ref> They point out that there are several different traditions about what are the small letters in the names of Haman's sons. Also they point out that the proponents only mention the similarities between the cases, but ignore the many differences. More in general they point out that this is not exactly an ''a priori'' prediction, but rather a [[postdiction]], and therefore the statistical significance of it, if there is any at all, cannot be reliably calculated.▼
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▲== Jenis lain kode Alkitab ==
▲Contoh lain allegeddari predictionramalan codedyang indiyakini thetersembunyi textdalam of theteks BibleAlkitab, whichyang isdikatakan alsoberasal attributed todari Rabbi [[Chaim Michael Dov Weissmandl]] (who was mentioned above),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torahone.com/docs/TorahCodes.htm |title=I am statistically significant |publisher=torahone.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref> concernsberkaitan thedengan hanginghukuman ofgantung atas 10 pemimpin [[Nazi]] leaderspada on Octobertanggal 16, Oktober 1946 followingsebagai thekeputusan [[NurembergProses TrialsNürnberg|Persidangan Nuremberg]]. Rabbi Weissmandl claimedmenyatakan thatbahwa thisperistiwa eventini wassudah predicteddiramalkan bydalam thekisah Biblical[[Alkitab]] storymengenai abouthukuman thegantung hanging of theatas 10 sons ofputra [[Haman]] (Bible)pada [[Ester 9#Aayt 7-9|HamanKitab Ester 9:7-9]]), alsoyang asjuga amerupakan finalkonsekuensi consequenceakhir ofdari asuatu (failed)rencana genocidalpembasmian planterhadap againstbangsa theYahudi yang Jewsgagal. TheAspek "coded"pengkodean aspectdari ofspekulasinya hisini speculationadalah isdari that[[Teks in theMasoret]] [[MasoreticAlkitab textIbrani]], ofdi themana Bible,tiga threehuruf lettersdi withindalam thedaftar listnama ofputra-putra Haman's sonsditandai aredengan markedpenulisan ashuruf-huruf smallberukuran letterslebih kecil:<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=860&letter=S&pid=1 "Small and Large Letters"]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} in the: [[Jewish Encyclopedia]], Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901–1906. Volume 11, p. 411-412.</ref> thehuruf tav[[taw (huruf Ibrani)|taw]] {{hebrew|ת}} ofpada ParshandathaParshanda'''th'''a (Parsanda'''t'''a), thehuruf [[shin (huruf Ibrani)|shin]] {{hebrew|ש}} ofpada ParmashthaParma'''sh'''tha and(Parma'''s'''ta) thedan huruf [[zayin (huruf Ibrani)|zayin]] {{hebrew|ז}} ofpada VajezathaVaje'''z'''atha (Wai'''z'''ata).<ref>[[Ester Rabbi9#Ayat Weissmandl7-9|Kitab pointedEster outpasal that9]] if({{Alkitab|Ester you9:7-9}})</ref> combineRabbi theWeissmandl threemenunjukkan smallbahwa letterspenggabungan togethertiga theyhuruf formini themembentuk wordkata {{hebrew|תשז}}, whichyang indalam thepembacaan acceptedsebagai Hebrewbilangan notationtahun fordalam year[[Kalender numbersIbrani]] (usingmenggunakan [[Gematria]]) correspondsbertepatan todengan thetahun Jewish yearYahudi [5]707 [[Anno Mundi]],<ref>UsingMenggunakan themetode Jewishpencatatan methodYahudi of recordinguntuk yearstahun, the numberangka 707 candapat representmelambangkan the yeartahun 5707, thisini isadalah thesistem "minor era" systempada of notation of thenotasi [[JewishKalender Calendar#Epoch|Jewish yearIbrani]]. For exampleMisalnya, Webster's New World Hebrew Dictionary statesmenyatakan: "InDalam practicepraktik . . . the(angka) thousandsribuan aredihilangkan skippeddan andtahun theYahudi Jewishdisebut yeardengan is referred to by quotingmengutip, indalam Jewishsimbol numericalangka symbolsYahudi, theangka-angka figure from theratusan hundredske downbawah" (p. xxiv, Introduction, The Jewish Calendar). SeeLihat alsopula [[chronogram]].</ref> whichyaitu istahun theYahudi Jewishdi yearmana that10 the 10pemimpin Nazi leadersitu weredihukum executedgantung (October 16, Oktober 1946 correspondsbertepatan todengan 21 [[Tisyri|Tishrei 21,]] 5707, thehari dayyang knowndikenal assebagai ''Hoshanna Rabba,'' thehari daypenghukuman ofberat severeuntuk judgmentsbangsa-bangsa fordi the nations of the worlddunia, accordingmenurut to the JewishKalender calendarYahudi).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hebcal.com/converter/ |title=Hebrew Date Converter |publisher=hebcal.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://calendarhome.com/converter/ |title=Calendar Converter |publisher=calendarhome.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010 | archiveurl= httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100927100957/http://calendarhome.com/converter/| |archivedate= September 2010-09-27, 2010 | deadurl= no }}</ref> ManyBanyak peopleorang criticizemengkritik variousberbagai aspects ofaspek thisspekulasi speculationini.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkreason.org/articles/Purim.cfm |title=Purim 1946? Not Exactly |author=Ephraim Rubin |date=August 9, 2002 |publisher=talkreason.org accessdate=October 6, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ralphriver.blogspot.com/2005/03/small-and-large-letters-in-esther.html |title=Ralph the Sacred River |date=March 28, 2005 |publisher=ralphriver.blogspot.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dovbear.blogspot.com/2005/03/purimfest-1946.html |title=Purimfest 1946!! |date=March 24, 2005 |publisher=dovbear.blogspot.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=4BSyeyoG_1AC&printsec=frontcover&dq=shackles+fundamentalism#v=onepage&q=nuremberg&f=false |author=R. D. Gold |title=Bondage of the Mind: How Old Testament Fundamentalism Shackles the Mind and Enslaves the Spirit |publisher=Aldus Books |year=2008 |isbn= 978-0-9796406-0-5 |page=71}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/shlomi_tal/saga.html |title=Genealogical Saga of Judaism (2001) |publisher=infidels.org |accessdate=October 6, 2010| |archiveurl= httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100928024726/http://infidels.org/library/modern/shlomi_tal/saga.html | archivedate= September 2010-09-28, 2010 | deadurl= no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/failed_messiahcom/2008/03/purim-fest-1946.html |title=Purim Fest, 1946 – A Tale of Kiruv |publisher=failedmessiah.typepad.com}}</ref> TheyPara pointpengkritik outmenunjukkan thatbahwa thereada arebeberapa severaltradisi differentberbeda traditionsmengenai aboutapa whathuruf-huruf areberukuran thelebih smallkecil lettersdalam innama the names ofputra-putra Haman's sons. AlsoJuga theydituduhkan pointbahwa outpara thatpendukung thehanya proponentsmenyebut onlykemiripan mentiondi theantara similaritieskasus-kasus between the casesitu, buttetapi ignoremengabaikan thebanyak many differencesperbedaannya. MoreLebih inumum, generalmereka theyberpendapat pointbahwa outhal thatini thisbukanlah isbenar-benar notsuatu exactly anramalan ''a priori'' prediction("sebelumnya"), butmelainkian rather asuatu ''[[:en:postdiction|postdiction]]'' ("penyebutan setelah kejadiannya"), anddan thereforekarenanya thesignifikansi statisticalstatistik significancekejadian ofini, itjika ada pun, iftidak theredapat isdihitung anydengan atpasti. allNamun, cannotsalah beseorang reliablydari calculated10 yang terhukum gantung itu, Julius Streicher, pada tiang gantungan sesaat sebelum menjalani hukuman berteriak: "''Purimfest 1946''" ("Pesta [[Purim]] 1946"; Purim adalah peringatan peristiwa kegagalan rencana Haman untuk membinasakan bangsa Israel) yang mengindikasikan bahwa ia memahami benar hubungan antara hukuman atas 10 orang ini dengan penghukuman putra-putra Haman.<ref>[http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/nuremberg/NurembergNews10_16_46.html The Execution of Nazi War Criminals] ("Pelaksanaan hukuman mati penjahat-penjahat perang Nazi") oleh Kingsbury Smith. Nuremberg Gaol, Jerman. 16 Oktober 1946. International News Service.</ref>
 
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Bibliomancy]]
* [[Bias konfirmasi]]
* [[Teori Ergodic]], yang mejadi landasan teori informasi modern▼
* [[Gematria]]
* [[Kitab Ester]]: [[Ester 9|pasal 9]], [[Haman]], [[Purim]]
* [[Kode Quran]]▼
* [[Pi (film)]]
▲* [[Kode Quran]]
* [[Teori Ramsey]], untuk istilah yang menarik dan penting "kebetulan yang tak terelakkan" ("''unavoidable coincidences''")▼
* [[Shemhamphorasch]]
* [[Theomatika]]▼
* [[Simetri dalam Quran]]
▲* [[Teori Ergodic]], yang mejadi landasan teori informasi modern
▲* [[Teori Ramsey]], untuk istilah yang menarik dan penting "kebetulan yang tak terelakkan" ("''unavoidable coincidences''")
▲* [[Theomatika]]
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
== Pustaka ==
* {{cite book
| first = Michael
| last = Drosnin
| title = [[The Bible Code]]
| location = USA
| publisher = Simon & Schuster
| year = 1997
| isbn = 0-684-81079-4}}
* {{cite book▼
| first = PhilJeffrey▼
| last = StantonSatinover▼
|authorlink=Jeffrey Satinover|title = Cracking the Bible Code
| location = New York▼
| publisher = W. Morrow▼
| year = 1997▼
| isbn = 0-688-15463-8}}▼
* {{cite book
| first = JeffreyMichael
| last = SatinoverDrosnin
|authorlink=Jeffrey Satinover | title = Cracking theThe Bible Code
|url = https://archive.org/details/biblecode0000dros
▲ | location = New York
| location = UK▼
▲ | publisher = W. Morrow
|publisher = Weidenfeld & Nicolson
▲ | year = 1997
| year = 19981997▼
▲ | isbn = 0-688-15463-8}}
| isbn = 0-297-8478481995-8X}}▼
* {{cite book
| first = Michael
| last = Drosnin
| title = [[The Bible Code II: The Countdown]]
| location = UKUSA
| publisher = Weidenfeld &Viking NicolsonBooks
| year = 19972002
| isbn = 0-297670-8199503210-X7}}
* {{cite book
| first = Michael
| last = Drosnin
| title = [[The Bible Code II: The Countdown]]
| location = USAUK
| publisher = VikingWeidenfeld & BooksNicolson
| year = 2002
| isbn = 0-670297-0321084249-78}}
* {{cite book
| first = Michael
| last = Drosnin
| title = [[The Bible Code IIIII: The CountdownQuest]]
| location = UK
| publisher = Weidenfeld & Nicolson
| year = 2002Forthcoming 2006
| isbn = 0-297-8424984784-8}}
* {{cite book
| first = MichaelPhil
| last = DrosninStanton
| title = [[The Bible Code III:– TheFact or Quest]]Fake?
|url = https://archive.org/details/biblecodefactorf0000stan
▲ | location = UK
| publisher = Weidenfeld &Crossway NicolsonBooks
| location = Wheaton, IL▼
| year = Forthcoming 2006
|year = 1998
▲ | isbn = 0-297-84784-8}}
| isbn = 0-89107-925-4}}▼
* {{cite book
▲ | first = Phil
▲ | last = Stanton
| title = The Bible Code – Fact or Fake?
| publisher = Crossway Books
▲ | location = Wheaton, IL
▲ | year = 1998
▲ | isbn = 0-89107-925-4}}
▲*{{cite book
|author=Haralick, Robert M.; Rips, Eliyahu; and Glazerson, Matiyahu
| title=Torah Codes: A Glimpse into the Infinite
| publisher=Mazal & Bracha Publishing
| year=2005
|isbn=0-9740493-9-5}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.notarikon.com Notarikon] Codes in the Bible according to Kabalah
* [http://skeptoid.com/episodes/4048 ''The Bible Code: Enigmas for Dummies – Do messages hidden within the Bible really predict the future?'' [[Skeptoid|Skeptoid: Critical Analysis of Pop Phenomena]]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/2003/biblecodetrans.shtml The Bible Code], transcript of a story which aired on ''BBC Two'', Thursday November 20, 2003, featuring comments by Drosnin, Rips, and McKay.
* [http://www.torahcode.co.il Doron Witztum's codes page] from Doron Witzum, a coauthor of the ''Statistical Sciences'' paper
* [http://www.torah-code.org Tutorial Website] from Professor [[Robert Haralick]]
* [http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/dilugim/torah.html "Scientific Refutation of the Bible Codes"] by [[Brendan McKay]] (Computer Science, [[Australian National University]]) and others
* [http://www.ams.org/notices/199708/review-allyn.pdf The Bible Code: A Book Review] by Allyn Jackson, plus ''Comments on the Bible Code'' by [[Shlomo Sternberg]], ''Notices of the AMS'' September 1997 (see the [[American Mathematical Society]])
* [http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~jtigay/codetext.html The Bible "Codes": a Textual Perspective], by Jeffrey H. Tigay (Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, [[University of Pennsylvania]])
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/teaching_aids/books_articles/Maya.html Madness in the Method] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729062047/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/teaching_aids/books_articles/Maya.html |date=2010-07-29 }}, by Maya Bar-Hillel and [[Avishai Margalit]], Chance, Dartmouth College
* [http://www.csicop.org/si/9711/bible-code.html Hidden Messages and The Bible Code] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070129133103/http://www.csicop.org/si/9711/bible-code.html |date=2007-01-29 }} from [http://www.csicop.org Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal], publisher of [[Skeptical Inquirer]] Magazine
* [http://jesussquare.blogspot.com/2007/11/trying-to-stay-objective.html Trying to stay objective], by Remy Wilders (Computer Science, France)
 
{{Hidden messages}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kode Alkitab}}
[[CategoryKategori:Kode Alkitab| ]]▼
[[Category:Numerologi]]
[[CategoryKategori:TauratNumerologi]]
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