Wikipedia

Daftar sutradara Hindia Belanda: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
What a joke (bicara | kontrib)
20.255 suntingan
Userjaleeverse (bicara | kontrib)
63 suntingan
Fitur saranan suntingan: 2 pranala ditambahkan.
 
(37 revisi perantara oleh 11 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
[[FileBerkas:A Wong Brother KR 30 April 1947.jpg|uprightlurus|thumbjmpl|alt=Seorang pria berambut pendek pada berbaju putih mengkontrol kamera besar. He is facing left.|[[Wong bersaudara]] (satu gambar) adalah sudradara ber[[Tionghoa-Indonesia|etnis Tionghoa]] pertama di Hindia.]]
[[FileBerkas:Bachtiar Effendi p104.JPG|uprightlurus|thumbjmpl|alt=ASebuah fadedgambar imagedari ofseorang apria manbertubuh with shortpendek, curlyberambut hairkeriting inmengenakan asetelan suitjas anddan tiedasi.|[[Bachtiar Effendi]], sutradara [[pribumi Indonesia|pribumi Indonesia]] terawal.]]
[[FileBerkas:Andjar Asmara p17.JPG|uprightlurus|thumbjmpl|alt=ASeorang manpria withberambut shortpendek hairdan andberdasi akupu-kupu bowtiemenghadap looks aheadkedepan.|[[Andjar Asmara]], seorang jurnalis, menjadi seorang sutradara pada tahun 1940.]]
[[FileBerkas:Usmar Ismail Perfini booklet p29-restoration.JPG|uprightlurus|thumbjmpl|alt=AGambar halftonedsetengah imagebadan ofseorang apria manberambut withhitam shortdan hairberkacamata andmenghadap glasseske looking aheaddepan.|[[Usmar Ismail]], membuat debutnya pada tahun 1949, yang kemudian dipanggil bapak film Indonesia.{{sfn|Kurniasari 2012, Reviving}}]]
Dua puluh sembilan29 orang tercatat telah [[sutradara film|menyutradarai film-film fiksi]] di [[Hindia Belanda]] antara tahun 1926, ketika [[L. Heuveldorp]] merilis ''[[Loetoeng Kasaroeng]]'', film yang pertama kali dibuat di koloni ini,{{sfn|Biran|2009|pp=61, 68}} dan tahun 1949, ketika Belanda secara resmi mengakui kedaulatan Indonesia pasca-[[Revolusi Nasional Indonesia|revolusi empat tahun]] yang membubarkan Hindia Belanda.{{efn|Belanda menduduki Hindia selama lebih dari 300 tahun. Setelah [[pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia|tiga tahun diduduki Jepang]] sepanjang Perang Dunia II, Indonesia [[proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia|memproklamasikan kemerdekaannya]] tahun 1945, suatu tindakan yang tidak disambut hangat oleh Belanda {{harv|Kahin|1952|pp=29, 101, 136}}.}}{{sfn|Kahin|1952|p=445}} Tiga belas sutradara yang aktif di Hindia Belanda melanjutkan penyutradaraan film setelah tahun 1950, termasuk [[Usmar Ismail]]: filmnya pada tahun yang sama berjudul ''[[Darah dan Doa]]'' umumnya dianggap sebagai film Indonesia pertama yang sesungguhnya.{{sfn|Biran|2009|p=45}}
 
Sutradara pertama di koloni tersebut, Heuveldorp dan [[G. Kruger]], adalah orang Eropa atau keturunan [[orang Indo|campuran]].{{sfn|Biran|2009|p=55}} Kemudian diikuti dengan [[Tionghoa Indonesia|etnis Tionghoa]] setelahnya, ketika Nelson Wong membuat debutnya pada tahun 1928 dengan ''[[Lily van Java]]'';{{sfn|JCG, Lily van Java}} sutradara Tionghoa lainnya termasuk [[Lie Tek Swie]] (1929), Joshua dan Othniel dari [[Wong bersaudara]] (1930), dan [[The Teng Chun]] (1931). Sutradara beretnis Tionghoa mendominasi sinema koloni tersebut untuk memperlihatkan eksistensinya.{{sfn|Biran|2009|pp=379-386}} Sutradara [[pribumi Indonesia|pribumi]] pertama, [[Bachtiar Effendi]], membuat debutnya pada 1932 dengan menampilkan ''[[Njai Dasima (film 1932)|Njai Dasima]]'';{{sfn|Said|1982|p=138}} sutradara pribumi lainnya tidak tampil sampai [[Andjar Asmara]] dan [[Rd Ariffien]] membuat debut mereka pada 1940.{{sfn|Biran|2009|pp=213}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Rd Ariffien}}
==Sutradara film==
 
Sutradara yang aktif di Hindia Belanda berasal dari berbagai latar belakang. Beberapa di antaranya, seperti The Teng Chun, [[Fred Young (sutradara)|Fred Young]], dan Wong bersaudara, telah memiliki minat terhadap film sejak masa muda mereka.{{sfn|Biran|2009|p=188}} Sementara yang lainnya, seperti [[Njoo Cheong Seng]] dan Andjar, memiliki latar belakang bekerja sebagai seorang pemain teater.{{sfn|Said|1982|p=29}} Yang lainnya lagi, termasuk [[Albert Balink]] dan Ismail, memiliki latar belakang bekerja sebagai seorang [[Wartawan|jurnalis]].{{sfn|Biran|2009|p=155}}{{sfn|I.N.|1981|p=549}} Mereka semua pria; wanita pertama yang menyutradarai sebuah film di kepulauan Indonesia, [[Ratna Asmara]], membuat debutnya setelah Hindia Belanda dibubarkan.{{sfn|Swestin|2009|p=104}} Di antara mereka, 29 pria yang menyutradarai 103 film, pada waktu itu bekerja secara bersama-sama; itu tidak biasa bagi mereka untuk mengambil lebih dari satu peran dalam produksi.{{sfn|Biran|2009|pp=379-386}} Namun, mereka umumnya memiliki kontrol yang kurang kreatif dari produser.{{sfn|Said|1982|p=30}}
 
Daftar berikut ini diurutkan menurut urutan abjad, dengan kemampuan pemilahan lebih lanjut dalam bidang-bidang tertentu; karena berbeda konvensi penamaan antara budaya, tidak semua entri diurutkan menurut nama belakang. Daftar ini hanya menghitung film fiksi yang disutradarai oleh subyek dan tidak termasuk film-film dari genre lain atau film di mana orang tersebut memegang peran lainnya. Jika memungkinkan, nama-nama orang yang dituliskan dengan nama singkatan ditulis secara lengkap.
 
== Sutradara film ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Keterangan
Baris 35 ⟶ 41:
| 4
| 32
| {{efn|OftenSering credited asditulis Rd. Ariffien}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Rd Ariffien}}
|-
! scope="row" | {{sortname|Albert|Balink}}
Baris 77 ⟶ 83:
| 2
| 2
| {{efn|Franken waslebih betterdikenal knownkarena forfilm hisdokumenter shortkaryanya documentariesdan andmenghabiskan spentsebagian mostbesar ofmasa hiskariernya careerdi intanah his homelandairnya, the NetherlandsBelanda.}}{{sfn|EYE Institute, Mannus Franken}}
|-
! scope="row" | {{sortname|L.|Heuveldorp|nolink=yes}}
Baris 98 ⟶ 104:
| 2
| 28
| {{efn|AlsoJuga credited asditulis PL Kapoor}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Usmar Ismail}}
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color: #D8BFD8;"| Jo An Djan {{dagger|alt=Continued activity}}
Baris 119 ⟶ 125:
| 1
| 1
| {{efn|ANama pseudonym ofpseudonim Bunjin Kurata, a member ofseorang theanggota Japanesepasukan occupationpendudukan forcesJepang.}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Djatoeh Berkait}}
|-
! scope="row" | {{sortname|G.|Kruger}}
Baris 154 ⟶ 160:
| 3
| 3
| {{efn|OftenSering credited asditulis Roestam St. Palindih; hiskaryanya oeuvremungkin maytermasuk includefilm apendek short entitledberjudul ''Djatoeh Berkait'', which isyang formallysecara creditedresmi toditulis B. Koesoema {{harv|Filmindonesia.or.id, Djatoeh Berkait}}.}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Roestam St Palindih}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Rustam St Palindih}}
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color: #D8BFD8;"| {{sortname|Mohammad|Said Hamid Junid}} {{dagger|alt=Terus aktif}}
Baris 161 ⟶ 167:
| 3
| 19
| {{efn|OftenSering credited asditulis Moh. Said HJ}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Mohammad Said}}
|-
! scope="row" | {{sortname|M. H.|Schilling|nolink=1}}
Baris 175 ⟶ 181:
| 2
| 2
| {{efn|Credited asDitulis Suska}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Suska}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Tan Tjoei Hock]]
Baris 182 ⟶ 188:
| 9
| 9
| {{efn|Juga ditulis oleh TH Tan dan Tanu Trh}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Tan Tjoei Hock}}
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color: #D8BFD8;"| [[The Teng Chun]] {{dagger|alt=Terus aktif}}
Baris 224 ⟶ 230:
| 2
| 23
| {{efn|Juga ditulis oleh Utomo}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Fred Young}}
|}
 
== Catatan penjelas ==
{{notes
| notes =
Baris 233 ⟶ 239:
{{efn
| name = A
| Figures forPeran Nelson Wong includepada threetiga filmsfilm directedyang withdisutradarai hisoleh brotherssaudara-saudaranya, Joshua anddan Othniel, formereka whichditulis they are credited as thesebagai Wong brothersbersaudara. Figures forPeran Joshua anddan Othniel alsojuga includetermasuk atiga furtherfilm threekolaborasi collaborationslainnya madeyang afterdibuat Nelson'ssetelah deathkematian Nelson, twodua directedfilm beforedisutradarai sebelum sebelum 1949 anddan satu onefilm directeddisutradarai afterwardssetelahnya.}}
}}
 
== Catatan kaki ==
{{reflist|30em}}
 
== Referensi ==
{{refbegin|40em}}
* {{cite web
| title = Abisin Abbas {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Abisin Abbas {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3846f1c_andjar-asmara/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtD74kp3?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3846f1c_andjar-asmara/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Abisin Abbas}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Albert Balink {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Albert Balink {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3ad646e_albert-balink/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtBKd7OY?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3ad646e_albert-balink/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Albert Balink}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Bachtiar Effendy {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Bachtiar Effendy {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b852ab7a0a98_bachtiar-effendy/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtAeYdl3?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b852ab7a0a98_bachtiar-effendy/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Bachtiar Effendy}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite book
| title = [[Sejarah Film 1900–1950: Bikin Film di Jawa]]
|language = Indonesia
| trans_title = History of Film 1900–1950: Making Films in Java
|last = Biran
| language = Indonesian
|first = Misbach Yusa
| last = Biran
| firstauthorlink = Misbach Yusa Biran
|location = Jakarta
| authorlink = Misbach Yusa Biran
|publisher = Karya Komunitas Bamboo dengan Dewan Seni Jakarta
| location = Jakarta
|year = 2009
| publisher = Komunitas Bamboo working with the Jakarta Art Council
|isbn = 978-979-3731-58-2
| year = 2009
|ref = harv
| isbn = 978-979-3731-58-2
| ref = harv
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Boen Kim Nam {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Boen Kim Nam {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad37cf310_boen-kim-nam/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtOpaTKC?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad37cf310_boen-kim-nam/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Boen Kim Nam}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 314 ⟶ 319:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 27 January 2013
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6DypTtAW4?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-d014-44-546090_djatoeh-berkait
| archivedate = 27 January 2013-01-27
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Djatoeh Berkait}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Fred Young {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Fred Young {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3b7af11_fred-young/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtEUzJs3?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3b7af11_fred-young/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Fred Young}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Inoe Perbatasari {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Inoe Perbatasari {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3bbb98a_inoe-perbatasari/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtOgxCfk?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3bbb98a_inoe-perbatasari/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Inoe Perbatasari}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = G. Krugers {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = G. Krugers {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b6fdb997a995_g-krugers/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6At7hmgWV?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b6fdb997a995_g-krugers/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, G. Krugers}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Henry L Duarte {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Henry L Duarte {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3821181_henry-l-duarte/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtODvPfx?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3821181_henry-l-duarte/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Henry L Duarte}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite book
| last = I.N.
| first = Soebagijo
| year = 1981
| language = IndonesianIndonesia
| title = Jagat Wartawan Indonesia
|publisher = Gunung Agung
| trans_title = Universe of Indonesian Journalists
|location = Jakarta
| publisher = Gunung Agung
|oclc = 7654542
| location = Jakarta
| oclcref = 7654542harv
| ref = harv
}}
* {{cite news
|title=Indische filmkunst
|trans_title=IndiesSimena CinemaHindia
|language=DutchBelanda
|newspaper=De Indische Courant
|location=Surabaya
|date=11 June 1931
|page=5
|url=http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010279384%3Ampeg21%3Ap005%3Aa0102
|ref={{sfnRef|De Indische Courant 1931, Indische filmkunst}}
|access-date=2014-04-16
|archive-date=2013-12-02
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202184426/http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010279384%3Ampeg21%3Ap005%3Aa0102
|dead-url=yes
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Jo An Djan {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Jo An Djan {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3818ab8_jo-an-djan/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtIe5jTb?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3818ab8_jo-an-djan/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Jo An Djan}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Jo An Tjiang {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Jo An Tjiang {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bade441751_jo-an-tjiang/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtEEl6xO?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bade441751_jo-an-tjiang/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Jo An Tjiang}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Joshua Wong {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Joshua Wong {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b8525046cbc6_joshua-wong/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtCEJXsH?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b8525046cbc6_joshua-wong/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Joshua Wong}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kahin
| first = George McTurnan
| authorlink = George McTurnan Kahin
| year = 1952
| title = Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia
|url = https://archive.org/details/nationalismrevol0000kahi
| publisher = Cornell University Press
|publisher = Cornell University Press
| location = Ithaca, New York
|location = Ithaca, New York
| isbn = 978-0-8014-9108-5
|isbn = 978-0-8014-9108-5
| ref = harv
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite news
| last = Kurniasari
| first = Triwik
| title = Reviving Usmar Ismail’s legacy
| url = http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/24/reviving-usmar-ismail-s-legacy.html
| work = The Jakarta Post
| date = 24 June 2012
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtBXkwEm?url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/24/reviving-usmar-ismail-s-legacy.html
| archivedate = 2012-09-23 September 2012
| ref = {{sfnRef|Kurniasari 2012, Reviving}}
|dead-url = no
}}
}}
* {{cite web
| title = L. Heuveldorp {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = L. Heuveldorp {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b6fdbe4b425f_l-heuveldorp/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6At7LOifL?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b6fdbe4b425f_l-heuveldorp/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, L. Heuveldorp}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
|title=Lie Tek Swie {{!}} Filmografi
|language=Indonesia
|trans_title=Lie Tek Swie {{!}} Filmography
|language=Indonesian
|url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b8529e9e430e_lie-tek-swie/filmography
|work=filmindonesia.or.id
|publisher=KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
|location=Jakarta
|accessdate=28 August 2012
|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AFI5fibn?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b8529e9e430e_lie-tek-swie/filmography
|archivedate=28 August 2012-08-28
|ref={{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Lie Tek Swie}}
|dead-url=no
}}
}}
*{{cite web
* {{cite web
|title=Lily van Java
|language=Indonesian
Baris 489 ⟶ 500:
|location=Jakarta
|accessdate=21 August 2012
|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6A4fwxwEY?url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/jakv1/encyclopedia/detail/1659
|archivedate=21 August 2012-08-21
|ref={{sfnRef|JCG, Lily van Java}}
|dead-url=no
}}
}}
*{{cite web
* {{cite web
|title=Mannus Franken
|url=http://www.filmmuseum.nl/en/person/mannus-franken
Baris 501 ⟶ 513:
|date=20 October 2011
|accessdate=24 July 2012
|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/69NnytD5h?url=http://www.filmmuseum.nl/en/person/mannus-franken
|archivedate=24 July 2012-07-23
|ref={{sfnRef|EYE Institute, Mannus Franken}}
|dead-url=yes
}}
}}
*{{cite web
* {{cite web
|title=MH Schilling {{!}} Filmografi
|language=Indonesia
|trans_title=MH Schilling {{!}} Filmography
|language=Indonesian
|url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3a34741_mh-schilling/filmography
|work=filmindonesia.or.id
|publisher=KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
|location=Jakarta
|accessdate=23 September 2012
|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtA4M7En?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3a34741_mh-schilling/filmography
|archivedate=23 September 2012-09-23
|ref={{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, MH Schilling}}
|dead-url=no
}}
}}
*{{cite web
* {{cite web
|title=Mohammad Said Hamid Junid {{!}} Filmografi
|language=Indonesia
|trans_title=Mohammad Said Hamid Junid {{!}} Filmography
|language=Indonesian
|url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad38a67ab_moh-said-hj/filmography
|work=filmindonesia.or.id
|publisher=KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
|location=Jakarta
|accessdate=23 September 2012
|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtDpTFy7?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad38a67ab_moh-said-hj/filmography
|archivedate=23 September 2012-09-23
|ref={{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Mohammad Said}}
|dead-url=no
}}
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Nelson Wong {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Nelson Wong {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b852621333d6_nelson-wong/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = KonfidenYayasan FoundationKonfiden
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6At7tjRbt?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b852621333d6_nelson-wong/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Nelson Wong}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
|url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad37ea4e9_njoo-cheong-seng/filmography
|title=Njoo Cheong Seng {{!}} Filmografi
|language=Indonesia
|trans_title=Njoo Cheong Seng {{!}} Filmography
|language=Indonesian
|work=filmindonesia.or.id
|publisher=NationalPerpustakaan Library ofNasional Indonesia withdengan Sinematek
|location=Jakarta
|ref={{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Njoo Cheong Seng}}
|accessdate=3 September 2012
|archivedate=3 September 2012-09-03
|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AObWmjHW?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad37ea4e9_njoo-cheong-seng/filmography
|dead-url=no
}}
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Othniel Wong {{!}} Filmografi
| language = IndonesianIndonesia
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b99bd523f3ef_othniel-wong/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
Baris 565 ⟶ 578:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtCRvWIk?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b99bd523f3ef_othniel-wong/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Othniel Wong}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 577 ⟶ 591:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtFIJpcy?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b97d4e90acfb_r-hu/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, R Hu}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 589 ⟶ 604:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtIT8VBh?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad38c19b5_rd-ariffien/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Rd Ariffien}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 601 ⟶ 617:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtDZHral?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9badce8ba49_roestam-st-palindih/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Roestam St Palindih}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 613 ⟶ 630:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 27 Januari 2013
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6DypOD2mK?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3d03627_rustam-st-palindih/filmography
| archivedate = 27 Januari 2013-01-27
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Rustam St Palindih}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite book
|title=Profil Dunia Film Indonesia
|language=Indonesia
|last=Said
|first=Salim
|publisher=Grafiti Pers
|location=Jakarta
|year=1982
|oclc=9507803
|ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 636 ⟶ 654:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtNwxqoi?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad3bc3bf9_suska/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Suska}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite journal
| title = In the Boys' Club: A Historical Perspective on the Roles of Women in the Indonesian Cinema 1926 – May 1998
| pages = 103–111
| date = Juli 2009
| url = http://puslit2.petra.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/iko/article/viewFile/18314/18162
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/69zwHVXHA?url=http://puslit2.petra.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/iko/article/viewFile/18314/18162
| archivedate = 18 August 2012-08-18
| ref = harv
| last = Swestin
| first = Grace
| work = Scriptura
| issue = 2
| location = Surabaya
| publisher = Universitas Kristen Petra
| volume = 3
| journal =
| access-date = 2014-04-16
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 664 ⟶ 686:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtFf8vrn?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b99b0c50ac6d_tan-tjoei-hock/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Tan Tjoei Hock}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 676 ⟶ 699:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/69RkVarGB?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b8501c11b793_the-teng-chun/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-07-26
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, The Teng Chun}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Usmar Ismail {{!}} Filmografi
| language = Indonesia
| trans_title = Usmar Ismail {{!}} Filmography
| language = Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad50b835d_usmar-ismail/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
Baris 689 ⟶ 712:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtEk43tH?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad50b835d_usmar-ismail/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Usmar Ismail}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 701 ⟶ 725:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6At8y2zFI?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nma4b8514ee58838_wong-bersaudara/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Wong Bersaudara}}
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite web
Baris 713 ⟶ 738:
| location = Jakarta
| accessdate = 23 September 2012
| archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6AtMeElzU?url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad385995a_wu-tsun/filmography
| archivedate = 23 September 2012-09-23
| ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Wu Tsun}}
| dead-url = no
}}
{{refend}}
Baris 721 ⟶ 747:
{{Sinema Hindia Belanda}}
 
[[CategoryKategori:Sutradara film Hindia Belanda]]
[[CategoryKategori:Daftar sutradara film]]
 
{{Link FL|en}}
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Daftar_sutradara_Hindia_Belanda"