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{{Infobox Holiday |
|holiday_name = Hari Ibu
|image =
|caption = Kartu pos yang diterbitkan oleh [[Northern Pacific Railway]] untuk Hari Ibu di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1915
|
|
|date = Bervariasi; berbeda di setiap negara (di Indonesia setiap tanggal 22 Desember)
|significance = Menghargai peran seorang ibu
|relatedto = [[Hari Ayah]], [[Hari
}}
'''Hari Ibu''' adalah hari peringatan atau perayaan terhadap peran
Peringatan dan perayaan biasanya dilakukan dengan
Di [[Indonesia]], hari
Sementara di [[Amerika Serikat|Amerika]] dan lebih dari 75 negara
== Sejarah ==▼
Hari ibu di [[Amerika Serikat]] dirayakan pertama kali pada 1908, ketika [[Anna Jarvis]] mengadakan peringatan atas kematian ibunya di [[Grafton, West Virginia]].<ref name="O'Reilly2010">{{cite book|last=O'Reilly|first=Andrea|title=Encyclopedia of Motherhood|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamoth00orei|accessdate=11 Mei 2014|date=6 April 2010|publisher=Sage Publications (CA)|isbn=978-1-4522-6629-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamoth00orei/page/602 602]}}</ref> Pada 1908, [[Kongres Amerika Serikat]] menolak proposal untuk menjadikan Hari Ibu sebagai hari libur nasional.<ref name="RiceTedesco2015" /> Pada 1911, seluruh negara bagian di Amerika Serikat menjadikan Hari Ibu sebagai hari libur.<ref name="RiceTedesco2015">{{cite book|author1=Connie Park Rice|author2=Marie Tedesco|title=Women of the Mountain South: Identity, Work, and Activism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P0fkBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT29|date=15 Maret 2015|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=978-0-8214-4522-8|pages=29–|access-date=2015-12-21|archive-date=2023-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815065419/https://books.google.com/books?id=P0fkBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT29|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada 1914, [[Woodrow Wilson]] menandatangani deklarasi untuk menjadikan Hari Ibu sebagai hari libur nasional.<ref name="deseret2014">[http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865602516/Mothers-Day-100-year-history-a-colorful-tale-of-love-anger-and-civic-unrest.html Mother's Day 100-year history a colorful tale of love, anger and civic unrest] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512220324/https://www.deseretnews.com/article/865602516/Mothers-Day-100-year-history-a-colorful-tale-of-love-anger-and-civic-unrest.html |date=2019-05-12 }}, Deseret News, 6 Mei 2014</ref>
== Hari Ibu di berbagai negara ==▼
=== Indonesia ===▼
{{Wikisource|Halaman:TDKGM 01.222 (2 2) Pembaharuan Keputusan Presiden Indonesia No. 316 tahun 1959 tentang Hari-Hari Nasional yang Bukan Hari Libur beserta penjelasannya.pdf/1}}
Hari Ibu di Indonesia dirayakan secara nasional pada tanggal 22 Desember. Tanggal ini diresmikan oleh Presiden [[Soekarno]] di bawah
Hari Ibu <ref>{{cite web|url=https://beritawarganet.com/twibbon-hari-ibu-2021-sampaikan-sayang-kepada-ibu-di-sini/|title=Twibbon Hari Ibu|publisher=UN|access-date=2021-12-06|archive-date=2023-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609142524/https://beritawarganet.com/twibbon-hari-ibu-2021-sampaikan-sayang-kepada-ibu-di-sini/|dead-url=no}}</ref> di Indonesia dirayakan pada ulang tahun hari pembukaan [[Kongres Perempuan Indonesia]] yang pertama, yang digelar dari 22 hingga 25 Desember 1928.<ref name="indonesia"/><ref name="bulbeck"/> Kongres ini diselenggarakan di
Indonesia juga merayakan [[Hari Kartini]] pada 21 April, untuk mengenang aktivis wanita [[Raden
=== India ===▼
Hari Ibu telah berasimilasi dengan kultur [[India]],<ref>{{cite web |title= Social change in India discussed |work= Times of India |author= TTN |date= 13 March 2004 |url= http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-03-13/lucknow/28330092_1_globalisation-tribals-discussion |quote= Prof Bradley Hartel from Virginia, USA, reiterated that cultural and artistic exchanges have led to a confluence of ideas and traditions between India and USA. He said that India is unique in it's [sic] adaptability of new cultures as is exemplified by integrating Valentine's Day or Mother's Day, etc, into it's [sic] list of numerous festivals despite the many protests. He stressed that many traditions are being universalised in a global world. |access-date= 2013-12-22 |archive-date= 2012-10-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121027142535/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-03-13/lucknow/28330092_1_globalisation-tribals-discussion |dead-url= yes }}</ref> dan dirayakan setiap hari Minggu kedua bulan Mei.<ref>{{citation |title= Kyunki saas bhi toh maa hai! |author= Charu Amar |work= The Times of India |date= 1 May 2009 |url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/specialcoverage/articleshowpics/4471483.cms |quote= Mention Mother's Day and everyone goes on a thinking spree to find the most innovative way to pamper their mommy dearest. |accessdate= 2013-12-22 |archive-date= 2022-05-18 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220518061424/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/specialcoverage/articleshowpics/4471483.cms |dead-url= no }}</ref> Di India, para ibu dianggap sebagai dewi atas anak-anak mereka.<ref>{{cite web|title=Motherhood|url=http://www.hinduism.co.za/motherho.htm|work=http://www.hinduism.co.za/|accessdate=8 May 2013|archive-date=2021-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502060417/http://www.hinduism.co.za/motherho.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref>▼
== Tanggal perayaan di berbagai negara ==
Baris 50 ⟶ 65:
|
| colspan="6" valign="top" |
{{negara|Georgia}} [[Georgia (negara)|Georgia]]<ref name="georgia">{{cite web |title= Bidzina Ivanishvili Congratulates Mothers on Mother’s Day |date= 3 Maret 2013 |publisher= [[InterPressNews]] (IPN) |language= bahasa Inggris |url= http://www.interpressnews.ge/en/society/45055-bidzina-ivanishvili-congratulates-mothers-on-mothers-day.html?ar=A |access-date= 2015-12-21 |archive-date= 2021-04-18 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210418021323/https://www.interpressnews.ge/en/society/45055-bidzina-ivanishvili-congratulates-mothers-on-mothers-day.html?ar=A |dead-url= no }}</ref>
|-
| valign="top" |
Baris 101 ⟶ 116:
{{negara|Lebanon}} [[Lebanon]] {{br}}
{{negara|Oman}} [[Oman]] {{br}}
{{negara|Palestine}} [[Palestina]] {{br}} {{negara|Qatar}}[[Qatar]] {{br}}
|valign="top"|
{{negara|Arab Saudi}} [[Arab Saudi]] {{br}}
Baris 109 ⟶ 124:
|valign="top" colspan="6"|
{{negara|Uni Emirat Arab}} [[Uni Emirat Arab]] {{br}}
{{negara|Yemen}} [[Yaman]] (Seluruh [[Berkas:Flag of the Arab League.svg|25px|
|-
| valign="top"|
Baris 123 ⟶ 138:
{{negara|Armenia}} [[Armenia]] {{br}}
|-
|valign="top"|
[[24 April]] +/- 5 hari [[Baisakh]] [[Amavasya]] (Mata Tirtha Aunsi)
|
Baris 146 ⟶ 161:
[[8 Mei]]
|
|valign="top" colspan="6" width="150"|
{{negara|Albania}} [[Albania]] ([[Hari Orangtua]]) {{br}}
{{negara|South Korea}} [[Korea Selatan]] ([[Hari Orangtua]]) {{br}}
|-
| valign="top"|
Baris 174 ⟶ 189:
{{negara|Belize}} [[Belize]] {{br}}
{{negara|Bermuda}} [[Bermuda]] {{br}}
[[Berkas:Flag of Bonaire.svg|25px|
{{negara|Brazil}} [[
{{negara|Brunei}} [[Brunei]] {{br}}
{{negara|Bulgaria}} [[Bulgaria]] {{br}}
Baris 181 ⟶ 196:
{{negara|Canada}} [[Kanada]] {{br}}
{{negara|Chili}} [[Chili]] {{br}}
{{negara|China}} [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]]†<ref>{{cite web | title = It's Mother's Day | author = Xinhua from [[China Daily]] | publisher = SCUEC online | date = 2006-05-16 | url = http://news.scuec.edu.cn/english/viewtext1.php?id=556 | access-date = 2009-09-12 | archive-date = 2009-03-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090305053657/http://news.scuec.edu.cn/english/viewtext1.php?id=556 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>{{br}}
{{negara| Taiwan}} [[Republik Tiongkok|Taiwan]] {{br}}
{{negara|Colombia}} [[Kolombia]] {{br}}
{{negara|Croatia}} [[Kroasia]] {{br}}
{{negara|Cuba}} [[Kuba]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.enlace.cu/efemeride/mayo.htm | title = Principales efemérides. Mes Mayo | publisher = [[Unión de Periodistas de Cuba]] | accessdate = 2008-06-07 | archive-date = 2012-05-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120505222909/http://www.enlace.cu/efemeride/mayo.htm | dead-url = yes }}</ref>{{br}}
[[Berkas:Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg|25px|
{{negara|Cyprus}} [[Siprus]] {{br}}
{{negara|Czech Republic}} [[Republik Ceko|Republik Czech]] {{br}}
Baris 217 ⟶ 232:
{{negara|Pakistan}} [[Pakistan]] {{br}}
{{negara|Papua New Guinea}} [[Papua Nugini]] {{br}}
{{negara|Peru}} [[Peru]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.drelm.gob.pe/index.php?p=art&menu=49 | title = Calendario Cívico Escolar | publisher = Dirección Regional de Educación de Lima Metropolitana | accessdate = 2008-06-07 | archive-date = 2015-09-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150909215742/http://www.drelm.gob.pe/index.php?p=art&menu=49 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>{{br}}
|valign="top" width="150"|
{{negara|Philippines}} [[Filipina]] {{br}}
Baris 226 ⟶ 241:
{{negara|Samoa}} [[Samoa]] {{br}}
{{negara|Singapore}} [[Singapura]] {{br}}
[[Berkas:Flag of Sint Maarten.svg|25px|
{{negara|
{{negara|South Africa}} [[Afrika Selatan]] {{br}}
{{negara|Sri Lanka}} [[Sri Lanka]] {{br}}
Baris 243 ⟶ 258:
{{negara|Zambia}} [[Zambia]] {{br}}
{{negara|Zimbabwe}} [[Zimbabwe]] {{br}}
|-
|[[14 Mei]]
|
|{{negara|East Timor}} [[Timor Leste]]
|-
| valign="top"|
Baris 269 ⟶ 288:
{{negara|Aljazair}} [[Aljazair]] {{br}}
{{negara|Republik Dominika}} [[Republik Dominika]] {{br}}
| valign="top"|
{{negara|
{{negara|
|valign="top"|
{{negara|Haiti}} [[Haiti]]<ref>Sources:
* {{cite web | url = http://www.discoverhaiti.com/history_holidays.htm | publisher = discoverhaiti.com | title = Haiti: Main Holidays | accessdate = 2008-07-08 | archive-date = 2009-06-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090618052337/http://www.discoverhaiti.com/history_holidays.htm | dead-url = yes }}
* {{cite web | url = http://www.haiti-reference.com/histoire/calendrier-fetes.html | title = 6310.- Fêtes et Jours Fériés en Haiti | language = french | accessdate = 2008-07-08 | archive-date = 2008-04-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080401102516/http://www.haiti-reference.com/histoire/calendrier-fetes.html | dead-url = yes }} {{fr icon}}</ref> {{br}}
{{negara|Mauritius}} [[Mauritius]] {{br}}
{{negara|Morocco}} [[Moroko]] {{br}}
Baris 318 ⟶ 337:
|
| valign="top" colspan="6"|
[[Berkas:Flag of Antwerp.svg|25px|
{{negara|Costa Rica}} [[Kosta Rika]] {{br}}
|-
Baris 384 ⟶ 403:
|14 Juni 2009
| style="vertical-align:top;" colspan="6"|
{{flag|Iran}} <ref name="iranpresident">{{Cite web | url = http://www.president.ir/en/print.php?ArtID=10405 | title = Ahmadinejad highlights women's significant role in society | date = 2008-06-24 | publisher = Presidency of The Islamic Republic of Iran News Service | accessdate = 2008-07-19 | quote = (...) the occasion of the Mother's Day marking the birthday anniversary of [[Fatimah|Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra]] (SA), the beloved daughter of Prophet [[Mohammad]]. The day fell on June 23 [2008]. | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110928173038/http://www.president.ir/en/print.php?ArtID=10405 | archivedate = 2011-09-28 | dead-url = no }}</ref>
|}
▲== Sejarah ==
▲== Hari Ibu berbagai negara ==
▲=== Indonesia ===
▲Hari Ibu di Indonesia dirayakan secara nasional pada tanggal 22 Desember. Tanggal ini diresmikan oleh Presiden [[Soekarno]] di bawah Dekrit Presiden No. 316 thn. 1953, pada ulang tahun ke-25 Kongres Perempuan Indonesia 1928. Tanggal tersebut dipilih untuk merayakan semangat wanita Indonesia dan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran berbangsa dan bernegara. Kini, arti Hari Ibu telah banyak berubah, dimana hari tersebut kini diperingati dengan menyatakan rasa cinta terhadap kaum ibu. Orang-orang saling bertukar hadiah dan menyelenggarakan berbagai acara dan kompetisi, seperti lomba memasak dan memakai [[kebaya]].<ref name="wardhani">{{cite web |title= In observance of Mother's Day |author= Wardhani, Lynda K. |work= [[The Jakarta Post]] |date= 22 December 2010 |url= http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/12/22/in-observance-mother’s-day.html}}</ref>
▲Hari Ibu di Indonesia dirayakan pada ulang tahun hari pembukaan [[Kongres Perempuan Indonesia]] yang pertama, yang digelar dari 22 hingga 25 Desember 1928.<ref name="indonesia"/><ref name="bulbeck"/> Kongres ini diselenggarakan di sbeuah gedung bernama Dalem Jayadipuran,<ref>[http://www.javanologi.info/main/index.php?page=agenda&id=102 Dalem Jayadipuran], Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional Yogyakarta</ref> yang kini merupaakan kantor Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional di Jl. Brigjen Katamso, [[Yogyakarta]]. Kongres ini dihadiri sekitar 30 organisasi wanita dari 12 kota di [[Jawa]] dan [[Sumatera]]. Di Indonesia, organisasi wanita telah ada sejak 1912, terinspirasi oleh pahlawan-pahlawan wanita Indonesia di abad ke-19 seperti [[Kartini]], [[Martha Christina Tiahahu]], [[Cut Nyak Meutia]], [[Maria Walanda Maramis]], [[Dewi Sartika]], [[Nyai Ahmad Dahlan]], [[Rasuna Said]], dan sebagainya.<ref name="indonesia">{{citation |title= Sejarah Perayaan Nasional Hari Ibu 22 Desembe |author=seenthing |date= 21 December 2010 |url= http://www.shvoong.com/writing-and-speaking/ezines-and-newsletters/2089852-sejarah-perayaan-nasional-hari-ibu/ }}</ref> The Congress intended to improve women's rights in education and marriage.<ref name="robinson"/>
▲Indonesia juga merayakan [[Hari Kartini]] pada 21 April, untuk mengenang aktivis wanita [[Raden Ayu Kartini]]. Ini merupakan perayaan terhadap emansipasi perempuan.<ref name="bulbeck">{{citation |title= Sex, Love and Feminism in the Asia Pacific: A Cross-cultural Study of Young People's Attitudes |series= ASAA women in Asia |author= Chilla Bulbeck |publisher= Routledge |year= 2009 |isbn= 9781134104697 |url= http://books.google.es/books?id=chqofjVED54C&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&dq=mother's+day+indonesia&source=bl&ots=luKvRo2DKd&sig=o1E7OBDaKYB_Yabpr-QNAJo_YnU&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1CccUKKnAqb80QWzmIC4AQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=mother's%20day%20indonesia&f=false }}</ref> Peringatan tanggal ini diresmikan pada Kongres Perempuan Indonesia 1938.<ref name="robinson">{{citation |title= Gender, Islam and Democracy in Indonesia |series= ASAA women in Asia |author= Kathryn Robinson |publisher= Routledge |year= 2009 |pages= 3, 36, 44, 72 |isbn= 9781134118830 |url= http://books.google.es/books?id=V9OBgXw7m1kC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=mother's+day+indonesia&source=bl&ots=F3SIjMrLsn&sig=-Nd2jHMaE9FaqRYovpIPLCQALZs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1CccUKKnAqb80QWzmIC4AQ&ved=0CEkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=mother's%20day%20indonesia&f=false }}</ref> Pada saat Presiden Soekarno menetapkan [[Kartini]] sebagai pahlawan nasional emansipasi wanita dan hari lahir Kartini sebagai memperingati hari emansipasi wanita nasional. Tetapi banyak warga Indonesia yang memprotes dengan berbagai alasan diantaranya Kartini hanya berjuang di [[Jepara]] dan [[Rembang]], Kartini lebih pro [[Belanda]] dari pada tokoh wanita seperti [[Cut Nyak Dien]], dll. Karena [[Soekarno]] sudah terlanjur menetapkan [[Hari Kartini]] maka Soekarno berpikir bagaimana cara meemperingati pahlawan wanita selain [[Kartini]] seperti [[Martha Christina Tiahahu]], [[Cut Nyak Meutia]], [[Maria Walanda Maramis]], [[Dewi Sartika]], [[Nyai Ahmad Dahlan]], [[Rasuna Said]], dll. Akhirnya Soekarno memutuskan membuat [[Hari Ibu Nasional]] sebagai hari mengenang pahlawan wanita alias pahlawan kaum ibu-ibu dan seluruh warga Indonesia menyetujuinya.
▲=== India ===
▲Hari Ibu telah berasimilasi dengan kultur [[India]],<ref>{{cite web |title= Social change in India discussed |work= Times of India |author= TTN |date= 13 March 2004 |url= http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-03-13/lucknow/28330092_1_globalisation-tribals-discussion |quote= Prof Bradley Hartel from Virginia, USA, reiterated that cultural and artistic exchanges have led to a confluence of ideas and traditions between India and USA. He said that India is unique in it's [sic] adaptability of new cultures as is exemplified by integrating Valentine's Day or Mother's Day, etc, into it's [sic] list of numerous festivals despite the many protests. He stressed that many traditions are being universalised in a global world. }}</ref> dan dirayakan setiap hari Minggu kedua bulan Mei.<ref>{{citation |title= Kyunki saas bhi toh maa hai! |author= Charu Amar |work= The Times of India |date= 1 May 2009 |url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/specialcoverage/articleshowpics/4471483.cms |quote= Mention Mother's Day and everyone goes on a thinking spree to find the most innovative way to pamper their mommy dearest. }}</ref> Di India, para ibu dianggap sebagai dewi atas anak-anak mereka.<ref>{{cite web|title=Motherhood|url=http://www.hinduism.co.za/motherho.htm|work=http://www.hinduism.co.za/|accessdate=8 May 2013}}</ref>
== Catatan ==
Baris 408 ⟶ 414:
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|2}}
==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{Cite book|
* {{Cite book|
* {{citation |title= Reframing Dutch Culture: Between Otherness and Authenticity |series= Progress in European Ethnology |first=John |last=Helsloot |chapter= 10. Vernacular Authenticity: Negotiating Mother's Day and Father's Day in the Netherlands |editor= Margry, Peter Jan; Roodenburg, Herman |edition= illustrated |publisher= [[Ashgate Publishing]] |year= 2007 |pages= 6–7, 203–224 |isbn= 978-0-7546-4705-8 }}
* {{Cite book|
* {{Cite book|
{{refend}}
{{commons|Category:Mother's Day}}▼
== Pranala luar ==
* {{id}} [http://www.kemsos.go.id//modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=943 Sejarah Hari Ibu (bukan mothers day)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226203033/http://www.kemsos.go.id/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=943 |date=2016-12-26 }}
* {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/
* {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/
* {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0412/20/swara/1445591.htm Hari Ibu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226033509/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0412/20/swara/1445591.htm |date=2010-12-26 }}
[[Kategori:Hari raya|Ibu]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Indonesia]]
[[Kategori:Peristiwa 1928]]
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