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[[FileBerkas:Global Map of Male Circumcision Prevalence atby Country Level.pngsvg|thumb400px|400pxjmpl|Peta diterbitkan oleh PBB ([[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia|WHO]]/[[UNAIDS]]) menunjukkan estimasi persentase laki-laki yang telah disunat, pada tingkat negara. Data disediakan oleh [[Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan]]<ref>[http://www.measuredhs.com/countries/ Demographic and Health Surveys]</ref> dan sumber lainnya.<ref>[http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/malecircumcision/infopack_en_2.pdf The Global Prevalence of Male Circumcision]</ref>]]
'''Prevalensi sunat''' mengacu pada proporsi laki-laki dalam populasi tertentu yang telah [[Sunat|disunat]]. Ini tidak mengacu pada proporsi laki-laki yang baru lahir yang sedang disunat hari ini . Perkiraan proporsi laki-laki di seluruh dunia yang disunat bervariasi dari {{frac|1|6}}<ref name="WillKap">{{Cite journal
| last = Williams
Baris 9:
| volume = 80
| issue = 10
| pages = 1231&ndash;12361231–1236
| doi = 10.1002/bjs.1800801005
| url = http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/williams-kapila/
| accessdate = 2006-07-11
| pmid=8242285}}</ref> hingga {{frac|1|3}}.<ref name="crawford2002">{{Cite journal |last=Crawford |first=DA |title=Circumcision: a consideration of some of the controversy |journal=J Child Health Care. |date=Desember 2002 |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=259–270 |url= http://chc.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/6/4/259 |pmid = 12503896 |doi=10.1177/136749350200600403 |access-date=2014-04-18 |archive-date=2010-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100224183249/http://chc.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/6/4/259 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]] (WHO) memperkirakan bahwa secara global, 30% dari laki-laki berusia 15 tahun ke atas disunat, dengan hampir 70%-nya merupakan [[Muslim]].<ref name="WHO-GTPDSA">{{Cite web
| url = http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241596169_eng.pdf| title = Male circumcision: Global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability| accessdate = 4 Maret 2009| year = 2007| publisher = [[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]]|format=PDF}}</ref>
 
Sunat laki-laki paling umum di [[dunia Muslim]] (mendekati universal), sebagian dari [[Asia Tenggara]] dan [[Afrika]], di [[Amerika Serikat]], di [[Filipina]], [[Israel]], dan [[Korea Selatan]]. Sebaliknya , relatif jarang terjadi di [[Eropa]], sebagian [[Afrika Selatan]], dan sebagian besar dari [[Asia]] dan [[Oseania]].<ref name="WHO-GTPDSA"/> Di [[Amerika Latin]], prevalensi secara universal rendah.<ref name="Drain">{{Cite journal|author=Drain PK, Halperin DT, Hughes JP, Klausner JD, Bailey RC |title=Male circumcision, religion, and infectious diseases: an ecologic analysis of 118 developing countries |journal=BMC Infectious Diseases |volume=6|pages=172 |year=2006 |pmid=17137513 |pmc=1764746 |doi=10.1186/1471-2334-6-172}}</ref> WHO menyatakan bahwa "pada umumnya sunat non-agama kecil di Asia, dengan pengecualian di Republik Korea dan Filipina".<ref name="WHO-GTPDSA"/> Perkiraan untuk tiap negara termasuk kurang dari 2% di [[Spanyol]],<ref name="castellsague"/> [[Kolombia]],<ref name="castellsague"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Castellsagué X, Bosch FX, Muñoz N, ''et al.'' |title=Male circumcision, penile human papillomavirus infection, and cervical cancer in female partners |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=346 |issue=15 |pages=1105–12 |date=April 2002 |pmid=11948269 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa011688}}</ref> dan [[Denmark]];<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Frisch M, Friis S, Kjaer SK, Melbye M |title=Falling incidence of penis cancer in an uncircumcised population (Denmark 1943-90) |journal=BMJ |volume=311 |issue=7018 |pages=1471 |date=Desember 1995 |pmid=8520335 |pmc=2543732 |url=http://bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8520335 |doi=10.1136/bmj.311.7018.1471}}</ref> antara 0% dan 7% di [[Finlandia]];<ref>{{cite journal |title=Circumcision and the Code of Ethics |journal=Humane Health Care International |volume=12 |pages=78–80 |author=Denniston, G |date=April 1996}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Schoen EJ, Colby CJ, To TT |title=Cost analysis of neonatal circumcision in a large health maintenance organization |journal=The Journal of Urology |volume=175 |issue=3 Pt 1 |pages=1111–5 |date=Maret 2006 |pmid=16469634 |doi=10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00399-X}}</ref> 3% di [[Kamboja]];<ref name="castellsague"/> 7% di [[Brasil]];<ref name="castellsague"/> 9% di [[Taiwan]];<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ko MC, Liu CK, Lee WK, Jeng HS, Chiang HS, Li CY |title=Age-specific prevalence rates of phimosis and circumcision in Taiwanese boys |journal=Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi |volume=106 |issue=4 |pages=302–7 |date=April 2007 |pmid=17475607 |doi=10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60256-4 |quote=…the prevalence of circumcision slightly increased with age from 7.2% (95% CI, 5.3-10.8%) for boys aged 7 years to 8.7% (95% CI, 6.5-13.3%) for boys aged 13 years.}}</ref> dan 13% di [[Australia]].<ref name=richters>{{Cite journal
|title=Circumcision in Australia: prevalence and effects on sexual health
|author=Richters, J
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}}</ref>
 
[[Kanada]], [[Selandia Baru]], [[Australia]] dan [[Britania Raya]] adalah contoh negara yang telah memperlihatkan penurunan sunat laki-laki dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, sementara ada indikasi meningkatnya permintaan di [[Afrika Selatan]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Demand for male circumcision rises in a bid to prevent HIV |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |volume=84 |issue=7 |year=2006 |pages=505–588 |url=http://www.scielosp.org/pdf/bwho/v84n7/v84n7a05.pdf |format=PDF|quote=As a result, there are already indications of increasing demand for male circumcision in traditionally non-circumcising societies in Southern Africa. |pmid=16878217 |pmc=2627386 |author=Wise J}}</ref>
[[Centers For Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) melaporkan pada tahun 2011 bahwa tingkat penurunan terjadi di Amerika Serikat pada periode 1999-2010. Mengutip dari tiga sumber data yang berbeda, tingkat terbaru untuk AS adalah 56,9% pada tahun 2008 (NHDS), 56,3% pada tahun 2008 (NIS), dan 54,7% pada tahun 2010 (CDM).<ref name="CDC">{{cite web | url = http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6034a4.htm?s_cid=mm6034a4_w | title = Trends in In-Hospital Newborn Male Circumcision --- United States, 1999--2010 | accessdate = 2011-09-14 | date = September 2011 | work = Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 60(34);1167-1168 | quote = Incidence of NMC decreased from 62.5% in 1999 to 56.9% in 2008 in NHDS (AAPC = -1.4%; p<0.001), from 63.5% in 1999 to 56.3% in 2008 in NIS (AAPC = -1.2%; p<0.001), and from 58.4% in 2001 to 54.7% in 2010 in CDM (AAPC = -0.75%; p<0.001) |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref>
 
== Afrika ==
 
=== Kurang dari 20% ===
 
===Kurang dari 20%===
Botswana, Burundi, Kepulauan Canary (Spanyol), Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, Rwanda, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe.<ref name="WHO" />
 
=== Antara 20 dan 80% ===
Afrika Selatan, Afrika Tengah, Lesotho, Mozambik, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda.<ref name="WHO" />
 
=== Lebih dari 80% ===
Angola, Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Djibouti, Mesir, Guinea Khatulistiwa, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Gabon, Guinea, Kamerun, Kenya, Kongo (Republik Demokratik), Kongo (Republik), Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Mali, Mauritania, Maroko, Niger, Nigeria, Pantai Gading, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Tunisia, Togo.<ref name="WHO" />
 
== Amerika ==
 
 
=== Kurang dari 20% ===
Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brasil, Cile, Kolombia, Kosta Rika, Kuba, Republik Dominika, El Salvador, Ekuador, Guyana PerancisPrancis, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaika, Meksiko, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Riko, Trinidad dan Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela.<ref name="WHO"/>
 
Prevalensi sunat keseluruhan dilaporkan 6,9% di Kolombia, dan 7,4% di Brazil (13% di Rio de Janeiro).<ref name="castellsague">{{cite journal |title=Chlamydia trachomatis infection in female partners of circumcised and uncircumcised adult men |author=Castellsagué, X |coauthors=''et al.'' |journal=Am J Epidemiol |year=2005 |volume=162 |issue=9 |pages=907–916 |url=http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/162/9/907 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwi284 |pmid=16177149}}</ref>
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Prevalensi sunat di Meksiko diperkirakan 10% sampai 31%.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Human papillomavirus link to circumcision is misleading (author's reply) |author=Lajous, M |coauthors=''et al.'' |journal=Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev |year=2006 |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=405–6 |quote=Circumcision is not usually performed by public sector health care providers in Mexico and we estimate the prevalence to be 10% to 31%, depending on the population. |doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0818 |pmid=16492939}}</ref>
 
=== Antara 20 dan 80% ===
Kanada,<ref name="WHO">{{cite web |title=Information package on male circumcision and HIV prevention: insert 2 |url=http://www.who.int/entity/hiv/mediacentre/infopack_en_2.pdf |format=PDF|pages=2 |publisher=World Health Organisation}}</ref> Amerika Serikat.<ref name="WHO" />
 
==== Kanada ====
Wirth menunjukkan tingkat sunat menurun dari tahun 1970 hingga tahun 1979. Ada variasi sunat yang luas: Teritori Yukon melaporkan tingkat sunat sebesar 74,8% pada 1978-79, sementara Newfoundland melaporkan tingkat sunat sebesar 1,9-2,4% pada tahun 1977-78.<ref>{{cite journal | author= Wirth JL | title= Current circumcision practices: Canada | journal= Pediatrics |year=1980 | volume= 66 | issue= 5 | pages= 705–8 | url= http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/66/5/705.abstract | doi= | pmid= 7432876 | pmc= }}</ref>
 
Pada tahun 1994-95, tingkat sunat anak yang baru lahir di Ontario adalah sebesar 29,9%.<ref>{{cite book |last= Goel |first= V. (ed.) |title= Patterns of Health Care in Ontario, 2nd edition |publisher= Canadian Medical Association |date=May 1996 |isbn= 0-920169-79-1 |pages=295 |url=http://www.ices.on.ca/file/Practice2-ch11.pdf|format=PDF|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051015001034/http://www.ices.on.ca/file/Practice2-ch11.pdf|archivedate=2005-10-15|access-date=2014-05-14|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Canadian Paediatric Society]] (1996) menawarkan perkiraan sebesar 48% untuk prevalensi sunat laki-laki di Kanada pada tahun 1970.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Neonatal Circumcision Revisited |journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal |volume=154 |issue=6 |year=1996 |pages=769–780 |url=http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/FN/fn96-01.htm |pmid=8634956 |pmc=1487803 |access-date=2014-05-14 |archive-date=2007-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023064930/http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/FN/fn96-01.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pada tahun 1999, [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] melaporkan bahwa "di Kanada, ~48 % dari laki-laki disunat".<ref>{{cite journal |title=American Academy of Pediatrics: circumcision policy statement |journal=Pediatrics |volume=103 |issue=3 |year=1999 |pages=686–693 |url=http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics%3b103/3/686 |pmid=10049981 |doi=10.1542/peds.103.3.686 |access-date=2014-05-14 |archive-date=2007-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070122014627/http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics%3B103/3/686 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Namun, angka ini dipertanyakan karena satu-satunya kutipan yang disediakan untuk itu adalah kertas Australia dari tahun 1970. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Antonopoulos | first = John | last2 = Herschel; | year = 2000 | first2 = M. | last3 = Bartman; | first3 = T. | last4 = Andersson; | first4 = C. | last5 = Bailis; | first5 = S. A. | last6 = Shechet | first6 = R. J. | last7 = Tanenbaum; | first7 = B. | last8 = Kunin; | first8 = S. A. | last9 = Hodges | first9 = F. M. | last10 = Fleiss; | first10 = P. M. | last11 = Antonopoulos; | first11 = J. | last12 = Rockney | first12 = R. | last13 = Taylor; | first13 = A. | last14 = Stang | first14 = H. | last15 = Snellman | first15 = L. | last16 = Fontaine | first16 = P. | last17 = Condon; | first17 = L. M. | last18 = Lannon | first18 = C. M. | title = Circumcision — The debate goes on | journal = [[Pediatrics (jurnal)|Pediatrics]] | volume = 105 | issue = 3 | pages = 684 | pmid = 10733391 | url = http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/105/3/681 | accessdate = 2007-11-15 | doi=10.1542/peds.105.3.681| display-authors = 8 }}</ref>
 
Artikel yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2003 melaporkan tingkat sunat neonatal laki-laki di Kanada " 10 sampai 30%"<ref name="Quayle"/> dan "kurang dari 17%".<ref name="waldeck">{{cite journal |last=Waldeck S |title=Using Male Circumcision to Understand Social Norms as Multipliers |journal=University of Cincinnati Law Review |volume=72 |year=2003 |pages=455 |url=http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1024777}}</ref> Menurut [[Halifax Daily News]], tingkat sunat bayi pada tahun 2003 sebesar "1,1 persen" di Nova Scotia dan nihil di Newfoundland.<ref>{{cite web |first=Andrea |last=MacDonald |date=March 2006 |title=N.S. circumcisions continue to drop |publisher=The Daily News (reprint: CIRP.org) |location=Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada |url= http://www.cirp.org/news/halifaxdailynews2006-03-25/}}</ref> Sebuah artikel pada tahun 2006 menempatkan tingkat sunat nasional (2003) pada 13,9%.<ref>{{cite web|last=LALIBERTÉ|first=JENNIFER|title=Canada cuts back on circumcision|url=http://www.nationalreviewofmedicine.com/issue/2006/02_28/3_patients_practice02_04.html|work=VOLUME 3 NO. 4|publisher=National Review of Medicine|accessdate=28 February 2006}}</ref>
 
Rencana asuransi kesehatan provinsial Kanada individual mulai menghapus sunat dari daftarnya pada tahun 1980-an.<ref name="waldeck" /> Rencana Asuransi Kesehatan Manitoba menghentikan sunat dari cakupannya pada tahun 2005.<ref name="bulletin">{{cite journal | author= | title= | journal= The Public Service Health Care Plan Bulletin | year= 2005 | volume= | issue= 17 | pages= 2 | url= http://www.pshcp.ca/english/bulletins/bulletin17.pdf | doi= | pmid= | pmc= | access-date= 2014-05-14 | archive-date= 2014-05-14 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140514163839/http://www.pshcp.ca/english/bulletins/bulletin17.pdf | dead-url= yes }}</ref> Sunat tidak lagi tercakup oleh rencana asuransi kesehatan provinsial/teritorial.<ref name="bulletin" />
 
Sebuah survei praktekpraktik bersalin Kanada dyang ilakukan pada tahun 2006/2007 oleh badan kesehatan publik nasional menemukan tingkat sunat yang baru lahir sebesar 31,9%.<ref name="phac">{{cite web |url=http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/rhs-ssg/pdf/tab-eng.pdf |pages=267 |title=Data Tables — The Maternity Experiences Survey (MES) 2006–2007 Canadian Maternity Experiences Survey |publisher=Public Health Agency of Canada |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008052559/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/rhs-ssg/pdf/tab-eng.pdf |archivedate=2009-10-08 |access-date=2014-05-14 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Tingkat sunat sangat bervariasi di seluruh negeri, dari mendekati nol di Newfoundland dan Labrador hingga 44,3 % di Alberta.
 
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====Amerka Serikat==Asia ==
=== Kurang dari 20% ===
 
==Asia==
===Kurang dari 20%===
Bhutan, Myanmar, Kamboja, China, Hong Kong (China),<ref>http://smj.sma.org.sg/2302/2302smj6.pdf</ref> India, Jepang, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Korea Utara, Papua Nugini, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.<ref name="WHO" />
 
Prevalensi keseluruhan sunat di Kamboja dilaporkan 3,5%.<ref name="castellsague" />
 
=== Antara 20 dan 80% ===
Kazakhstan, Indonesia, Malaysia,<ref name="WHO" /> Korea Selatan.<ref name="Kimetal">Kim et al.: Decline in male circumcision in South
Korea. BMC Public Health 2012 12:1067. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-1067.pdf</ref>
 
====Korea Selatan=Lebih dari 80% ===
 
 
===Lebih dari 80%===
Afganistan, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brunei, Filipina, Iran, Irak, Israel,<ref name="ynet1106">{{cite web |title=Israel teaches WHO about circumcision |publisher=ynet news |date=November 2006 |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3333564,00.html}}</ref> Kuwait, Kirgizstan, Lebanon, Oman, Pakistan,<ref name="castellsague" /> Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Suriah, Tajikistan, Turki, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Uni Emirat Arab, Yaman, Yordania.<ref name="WHO" />
 
Prevalensi sunat (''[[tuli (ritual)|tuli]]'') keseluruhan di Filipina dilaporkan 92,5%. Sebagian sunat di Filipina dilakukan pada usia 11 sampai 13 tahun.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Darby|first=Robert|title=Routine peripubertal circumcision?|publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]]|date=9 August 2011|pmc=3153524|volume=183|issue=11|pages=1283–1284|doi=10.1503/cmaj.111-2060|journal=CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ong|first=Christine|title=Philippine doctors question medical benefits of circumcision|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/southeastasia/view/350729/1/.html|work=Channel News Asia|publisher=MediaCorp|accessdate=27 August 2012|date=29 May 2008|archive-date=2011-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104042254/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/southeastasia/view/350729/1/.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
Menurut Jerusalem AIDS Project, "sekitar 100 persen laki-laki telah disunat" di Israel.<ref name="ynet1106" />
 
== Eropa ==
 
===Lebih Kurang dari 8020% ===
Armenia, Austria, Belanda, Belarusia, Belgia, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Finlandia, Georgia, Inggris, Jerman, <ref name="kamtsiuris">{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s00103-007-0247-1 |title=Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen Ergebnisse des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS) |trans_title=Use of medical services. Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) |language=German |year=2007 |last1=Kamtsiuris |first1=P. |last2=Bergmann |first2=E. |last3=Rattay |first3=P. |last4=Schlaud |first4=M. |journal=Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz |volume=50 |issue=5–6 |pages=836–50 |pmid=17514470}}</ref> Hungaria, Islandia, Irlandia, Italia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegia, PerancisPrancis, Polandia, Portugal, Republik Ceko, Rumania, Rusia, Serbia, Siprus, SlovakiaSlowakia, Spanyol, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, <ref name="WHO" /> dan Yunani.<ref name="Dave2003">{{cite journal |doi=10.1136/sti.79.6.499 |title=Male circumcision in Britain: Findings from a national probability sample survey |year=2003 |last1=Dave |first1=S S |journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections |volume=79 |issue=6 |pages=499–500 |pmid=14663134 |last2=Fenton |first2=KA |last3=Mercer |first3=CH |last4=Erens |first4=B |last5=Wellings |first5=K |last6=Johnson |first6=AM |pmc=1744763}}</ref>
 
Sebuah survei nasional terhadap sikap seksual pada tahun 2000 menemukan bahwa 15,8% dari laki-laki di Inggris (usia 16-44) disunat. 11,7% dari 16-19 tahun, dan 19,6% dari usia 40-44 tahun mengatakan mereka telah disunat. Terlepas dari Karibia hitam, laki-laki yang lahir di luar negeri lebih mungkin untuk disunat.<ref name="Dave2003" /> Rickwood ''et al.'' melaporkan bahwa proporsi anak laki-laki Inggris yang disunat untuk alasan medis telah jatuh dari 35% pada awal 1930-an menjadi 6,5% pada pertengahan 1980-an. Diperkirakan 3,8% anak laki-laki di Inggris pada tahun 2000 disunat pada usia 15.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1136/bmj.321.7264.792 |title=Towards evidence based circumcision of English boys: Survey of trends in practice |year=2000 |last1=Rickwood |first1=A M K |journal=BMJ |volume=321 |issue=7264 |pages=792–3 |pmid=11009516 |last2=Kenny |first2=SE |last3=Donnell |first3=SC |pmc=27490}}</ref> Para peneliti menyatakan bahwa terlalu banyak anak laki-laki, terutama di bawah usia 5 tahun, disunat karena salah diagnosis [[fimosis]]. Mereka menyerukan target untuk mengurangi persentase hingga 2%.
===Kurang dari 20%===
Armenia, Austria, Belanda, Belarusia, Belgia, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Finlandia, Georgia, Inggris, Jerman, <ref name="kamtsiuris">{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s00103-007-0247-1 |title=Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen Ergebnisse des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS) |trans_title=Use of medical services. Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) |language=German |year=2007 |last1=Kamtsiuris |first1=P. |last2=Bergmann |first2=E. |last3=Rattay |first3=P. |last4=Schlaud |first4=M. |journal=Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz |volume=50 |issue=5–6 |pages=836–50 |pmid=17514470}}</ref> Hungaria, Islandia, Irlandia, Italia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegia, Perancis, Polandia, Portugal, Republik Ceko, Rumania, Rusia, Serbia, Siprus, Slovakia, Spanyol, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, <ref name="WHO" /> dan Yunani.<ref name="Dave2003">{{cite journal |doi=10.1136/sti.79.6.499 |title=Male circumcision in Britain: Findings from a national probability sample survey |year=2003 |last1=Dave |first1=S S |journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections |volume=79 |issue=6 |pages=499–500 |pmid=14663134 |last2=Fenton |first2=KA |last3=Mercer |first3=CH |last4=Erens |first4=B |last5=Wellings |first5=K |last6=Johnson |first6=AM |pmc=1744763}}</ref>
 
Denniston melaporkan pada tahun 1996 bahwa tingkat sunat neonatal di Finlandia adalah nol dan tingkat sunat kemudian adalah 1 per 16.667.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Circumcision and the Code of Ethics |journal=Humane Health Care International |volume=12 |pages=78–80 |last1=Denniston |first1=George C. |date=April 1996 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/ethics/denniston/}}</ref> Demikian pula, Wallerstein memperkirakan pada tahun 1980 bahwa tingkat sunat dewasa di Finlandia untuk alasan kesehatan adalah enam per 100.000.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wallerstein|first1=E.|title=Circumcision: an American Health Fallacy|url=https://archive.org/details/circumcisionamer0000wall|location=New York|publisher=Springer|year=1980}}{{page needed|date=September 2012}}</ref> Departemen Sosial dan Kesehatan Finlandia melaporkan pada tahun 2004 bahwa, "500-1000 penyunatan dilakukan sebagai tindakan terapi setiap tahunnya di rumah sakit Finlandia",<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Finland |url=http://www.stm.fi/julkaisut/nayta/-/_julkaisu/1063803 |format=PDF|title=Circumcision of boys: A study on international and Finnish practices |date=12 February 2004 |page=8}}</ref> sebesar 710 kasus nasional pada tahun 2002.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Finland |url=http://www.stm.fi/julkaisut/nayta/-/_julkaisu/1063803 |format=PDF|title=Circumcision of boys: A study on international and Finnish practices |date=12 February 2004 |page=39}} (Finnish)</ref>
===Antara 20 dan 80%===
 
Di Jerman, Wawancara Kesehatan Jerman dan Survei Pemeriksaan untuk Anak dan Remaja menemukan bahwa 10,9% dari anak laki-laki berusia 0-17 telah disunat.<ref name="kamtsiuris"/>
 
Di Prancis, menurut survei telepon (Institut TNS Sofres, 2008), 14% pria disunat.<ref>[http://www.manix.net/enjoy/sex-news/sex-stat-1/index.cfm?i=1132 Telephone survey of the TNS Sofres Institute (commissioned by Manix), 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808004024/http://www.manix.net/enjoy/sex-news/sex-stat-1/index.cfm?i=1132 |date=2011-08-08 }}.</ref>
 
Prevalensi keseluruhan sunat di Spanyol dilaporkan 1,8%.<ref name="castellsague" />
 
Pada tahun 1986, 511 dari sekitar 478.000 anak laki-laki berusia 0-14 tahun di Denmark disunat. Hal ini berkaitan dengan tingkat sunat kumulatif nasional sekitar 1,6% pada usia 15 tahun.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1136/bmj.311.7018.1471 |title=Falling incidence of penis cancer in an uncircumcised population (Denmark 1943-90) |year=1995 |last1=Frisch |first1=M. |last2=Friis |first2=S. |last3=Kjaer |first3=S. K. |last4=Melbye |first4=M. |journal=BMJ |volume=311 |issue=7018 |pages=1471 |pmid=8520335 |pmc=2543732}}</ref>
 
=== Antara 20 dan 80% ===
Albania, Bosnia, Kosovo, Maedonia, Montenegro.<ref name="WHO"/>
 
Andora, Kroasia dan Luksemburg terdaftar sebagai tidak diketahui di peta prevalensi WHO. Liechtenstein, Malta, Monako, San Marino dan Vatikan tidak jelas di peta.<ref name="WHO"/>
 
== Oseania ==
 
 
=== Kurang dari 20% ===
Menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia, kurang dari 20% laki-laki disunat di Selandia Baru. <ref Namename="WHO" /> Dalam sebuah penelitian terhadap pria yang lahir pada tahun 1972-1973 di Dunedin, 40,2% disunat.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Herpes simplex virus type 2 status at age 26 is not related to early circumcision in a birth cohort |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_sexually-transmitted-diseases_2005-08_32_8/page/517 |author=Dickson, N |coauthors=''et al.'' |journal=Sex Transm Dis |year=2005 |volume=32 |issue=8 |pages=517–9 |pmid=16041257 |doi=10.1097/01.olq.0000161296.58095.ab}}</ref> Dalam sebuah penelitian terhadap laki-laki yang lahir pada tahun 1977 di Christchurch, 26,1% disunat.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Circumcision status and risk of sexually transmitted infection in young adult males: an analysis of a longitudinal birth cohort |author=Fergusson, DM |coauthors=''et al.'' |journal=Pediatrics |year=2007 |volume=118 |issue=5 |pages=1971–7 |pmid=17079568 |doi=10.1542/peds.2006-1175}}</ref> Sebuah survei yang dilakukan pada tahun 1991 di Waikato menemukan bahwa 7% dari bayi laki-laki disunat.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Current practice of neonatal circumcision in the Waikato |author=Lawrenson RA |journal=N Z Med J |year=1991 |volume=104 |issue=911 |pages=184–5 |pmid=1898442}}</ref>
Circumcision for cultural reasons is routine in Pacific Island countries.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Afsari M, Beasley SW, Maoate K, Heckert K |title=Attitudes of Pacific parents to circumcision of boys |journal=Pac Health Dialog |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=29–33 |date=March 2002 |pmid=12737414 |quote=Circumcision for cultural reasons is routine in Pacific Island countries.}}</ref>
 
=== Australia ===
Menurut [[Sydney Morning Herald]], tingkat sunat bayi di [[Australia]] adalah 12,9% pada tahun 2003.<ref name="WHO" /><ref name="Richters2006">{{cite journal |title=Circumcision in Australia: prevalence and effects on sexual health |author=Richters, J |coauthors=''et al.'' |journal=Int J STD AIDS |year=2006 |volume=17 |pages=547–554 |doi=10.1258/095646206778145730 |pmid=16925903 |issue=8}}</ref> Namun, tingkat di negara bagian-negara bagian bervariasi, dengan tingkat tertinggi di [[Queensland]] (19,3%), [[New South Wales]] (16,3%) dan [[Australia Selatan]] (14,3%), dan terendah di [[Tasmania]] (1,6%).<ref>{{cite web |first=Judy |last=Skatssoon |date=July 2004 |title=Circumcision rates rise for some |publisher=Sydney Morning Herald (reprint: CIRP.org) |location=Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |url=http://www.cirp.org/news/smh07-01-04/}}</ref> Di New South Wales, tingkat sunat telah meningkat dari 13% pada tahun 1999 menjadi 18% pada tahun 2009.<ref>{{cite news |first=Danielle |last=Teutsch |date=2010-02-21 |title=More boys go under knife as parents opt for kind cut |publisher=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://www.smh.com.au/national/more-boys-go-under-knife-as-parents-opt-for-kind-cut-20100220-omqn.html}}</ref> Di [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], menurut [[Herald Sun]], prevalensi suant tahun 2010 menunjukkan bahwa tingkat telah meningkat tetapi tidak ada informasi yang diberikan tentang tingkat sebelum kenaikan.<ref>{{cite news |first=Alex |last=White |date=2010-08-28 |title=Once routine, banned in 2007, now it's back |publisher=Herald Sun |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/ipad/once-routine-banned-in-2007-now-its-back/story-fn6bfmgc-1226123498756}}</ref>
Sunat bayi non-terapi tidak lagi disediakan di rumah sakit umum di New South Wales, Tasmania, Australia Barat, Victoria atau Australia Selatan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Victoria to scrap public hospital circumcision |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/victoria-to-scrap-public-hospital-circumcision/2007/08/12/1186857323447.html |publisher=The Age |date=12 Agustus 2007 |accessdate=12 Agustus 2007 | location=Melbourne}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cosmetic circumcision banned |url=http://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0,22606,22741626-2682,00.html |publisher=The Advertiser |date=12 November 2007 |accessdate=12 November 2007 | first=Jill | last=Pengelley|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120904003723/http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/cosmetic-circumcision-banned/story-e6frea83-1111114853996|archivedate=2012-09-04|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Royal Australasian College of Physicians]] (RACP) memperkirakan pada tahun 2010 bahwa 10 sampai 20% dari anak laki-laki yang baru lahir disunat.<ref name = "RACP2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.racp.edu.au//index.cfm?objectid=65118B16-F145-8B74-236C86100E4E3E8E |title=Circumcision of Male Infants |publisher=Royal Australasian College of Physicians |year=2010 |access-date=2014-04-21 |archive-date=2020-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601142539/https://www.racp.edu.au/index.cfm?objectid=65118B16-F145-8B74-236C86100E4E3E8E%2F |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|3}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* {{cite journal | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-6-172 | last1 = Drain | first1 = PK | last2 = Halperin | first2 = DT | last3 = Hughes | first3 = JP | last4 = Klausner | first4 = JD | last5 = Bailey | first5 = RC. | pmc = 1764746 | author-separator =, | date =November 2006 | title = Male circumcision, religion, and infectious diseases: an ecologic analysis of 118 developing countries | url = http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/6/172 | journal = BMC Infect Dis | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | page = 172 | pmid=17137513}}