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{{Speciesbox
|color_as = brown
|name = {{color|white|Manggis}}
|image =
|image_width = 250px
|image_caption = Buah manggis segar
|
▲|familia = [[Clusiaceae]]
▲|genus = ''[[Garcinia]]''
▲|species = '''''G. mangostana'''''
}}
'''Manggis''' (''Garcinia mangostana'' [[L.]]) adalah sejenis [[pohon]] [[tumbuhan hijau abadi|hijau abadi]] dari daerah [[tropika]] yang diyakini berasal dari [[Semenanjung Malaya]] dan menyebar ke [[Kepulauan Nusantara]]. Tumbuh hingga mencapai ketinggian antara 7
Manggis berkerabat dengan [[kokam]], [[asam kandis]] dan [[asam gelugur]], rempah bumbu dapur dari tradisi boga India dan
== Pohon dan buah ==
[[File:Mangosteen fruit on the tree.jpg|thumb|right|Buah manggis di pohon]]
Manggis merupakan sebuah pohon tropis yang tumbuh dalam suhu hangat dan stabil,
Manggis bersifat apomiksis obligat, biji tidak berasal dari fertilisasi dan diduga mempunyai keanekaragaman genetik sempit, sehingga diperkirakan manggis di alam hanya satu klon dan sifatnya sama dengan induknya. Kenyataan di lapang menunjukkan adanya keanekaragaman tanaman manggis yang mungkin disebabkan faktor lingkungan mau pun faktor genetik akibat mutasi alami sejalan dengan sejarah tanaman manggis yang telah berumur ribuan tahun.
<ref>[http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/46886 Analisis keanekaragaman genetik dan fenotip manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) dan kerabat dekatnya]</ref>
Buah manggis muda,
Sifat kimia
== Penyajian ==
Manggis disantap dalam keadaan matang dengan membelah dua kulitnya dengan hati-hati sehingga bisa dikeluarkan isinya. Namun manggis muda berwarna hijau juga dijual dengan rasa lebih kecut namun sekaligus juga manis.
▲Sifat kimia dari permukaan bawah kulit manggis terdiri dari berbagai polifenol, termasuk xanthones dan tanin yang menjamin astringent dapat menghambat perhatian serangga, jamur, virus tanaman, bakteri dan pemangsa hewan, pada saat buah belum matang. Perubahan warna dan pelunakan kulit menjadi proses alami yang menunjukkan pematangan buah dapat dimakan dan benih telah selesai berkembang.
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The outer shell of the fruit is rather hard, typically 4-6 cm in diameter, resembling a spherical, black cartoon bomb. Cutting through the shell, one finds a very pale, fleshy fruit 3-5 cm in diameter. Depending on the size and ripeness, there may or may not be pits in the segments of the fruit.
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The taste may be compared to an underripe [[strawberry]] with hints of sweet orange. Mangosteen is rarely sold in Western countries other than in some Asian groceries; they are illegal to import into the [[United States]] due to fears that they harbor the asian fruit fly which would devestate US crops if it were ever introduced. This barrier to entry may be eliminated in the future as new produce irradiation techniques spread in popularity.
Care must be taken when opening the fruit as the red husk outside produces a purplish inky juice that stains fabric, which can be almost impossible to remove (the reason why they are banned from some hotels in countries where they are available). To open a mangosteen, the shell is usually broken apart, not cut. Holding the fruit in both hands, press it gently (thumbs on one side, the other fingers on the other) till the shell cracks. It is then very easy to pull the halves apart along the crack, and remove the fruit without staining.
== Health benefits ==
For hundreds of years, the people of [[Southeast Asia]] have used the mangosteen, especially the rind, to ward off and treat [[infection]]s, reduce pain or control [[fever]], and treat [[dysentery]], [[inflammation]], [[diarrhea]], [[gonorrhea]] and a host of other ailments. Providers of mangosteen juice claim that it contains more than 40 [[xanthone]]s – which, as they claim, are powerful [[antioxidant]]s.-->
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Acaca]]
* [[Mundar]]
* [[Mundu]]
* [[Heilala]]
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{commons}}
* {{en}} [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/mangosteen.html Fruits of Warm Climates: Mangosteen]
* {{en}} [http://www.proscitech.com.au/trop/d.htm Know and Enjoy Tropical Fruit: Durian &
* {{en}} [http://www.montosogardens.com/garcinia_mangostana.htm Garcinia mangostana (Clusiaceae)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312024454/http://www.montosogardens.com/garcinia_mangostana.htm |date=2009-03-12 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.mangosteen-juice-online.com/mangosteen-research.html Mangosteen Research Studies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050923225816/http://mangosteen-juice-online.com/mangosteen-research.html |date=2005-09-23 }}
* {{en}} ''Five Decades with Tropical Fruit, A Personal Journey'' (2001) by William Francis Whitman
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q170662}}
[[Kategori:Clusiaceae]]▼
[[Kategori:Buah-buahan]]
[[Kategori:Tanaman pertanian]]
[[Kategori:Pohon buah]]
[[Kategori:Buah tropis]]
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