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{{Infobox civilian attack
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|image_size = 240px
|caption
|location = [[Martin Place, Sydney|Martin Place]], [[Sydney]], New South Wales, Australia
|coordinates = {{coord|-33.86796|151.21113|region:AU-NSW_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
|target = Staf dan pelanggan kafe
|date = 15–16 Desember 2014
|
|time-end = 02:44
|timezone = [[Australian Eastern Daylight Time|AEDT]], [[UTC+11:00]]
|type = [[Penyanderaan]]
|fatalities = 3 (termasuk pelaku)<ref name=police-release /><ref name=7-tragedy>{{cite news|title=Sydney siege ends in tragedy|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/nsw/a/25772503/siege-situation-in-martin-place/|work=Yahoo!7 News|quote=Seven Network reporter Chris Reason.... said the two dead are the gunman and a hostage. The hostage was killed by the gunman.|access-date=2014-12-15|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225173857/https://au.news.yahoo.com/siege-situation-in-martin-place-25772503.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=smh-blog>{{cite news|last1=Fallon|first1=Daniel|last2=Saulwick|first2=Jacob|title=Lindt Cafe hostage drama in Martin Place, Sydney: day two|url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/lindt-cafe-hostage-drama-in-martin-place-sydney-day-two-20141215-127suz.html|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=16 December 2014|quote=Fairfax Media has been told that two people are dead, one of whom is the gunman, Man Haron Monis.}}</ref>
|injuries = 4<ref>{{cite web|author1=Pearson, Michael|author2=Mullen, Jethro|author3=Coren, Anna|title=Critical incident established following Martin Place siege|url=http://www.police.nsw.gov.au/news/latest_releases?sq_content_src=%2BdXJsPWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZWJpenByZC5wb2xpY2UubnN3Lmdvdi5hdSUyRm1lZGlhJTJGNDMxNDguaHRtbCZhbGw9MQ%3D%3D|publisher=NSW police|accessdate=16 December 2014|date=16 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141215193054/http://www.police.nsw.gov.au/news/latest_releases?sq_content_src=%2BdXJsPWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZWJpenByZC5wb2xpY2UubnN3Lmdvdi5hdSUyRm1lZGlhJTJGNDMxNDguaHRtbCZhbGw9MQ%3D%3D|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|perps = [[Man Haron Monis]] (Sheikh Haron)<ref name="LIVE STREAM: Gunman forcing hostages to stand against cafe windows in Sydney siege">{{cite web|url=http://www.9news.com.au/National/2014/12/15/10/00/Major-police-operation-in-Sydneys-Martin-Place|title=LIVE STREAM: Sydney siege hostages 'huddled at one end of café'|work=9news.com.au|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name=age-Monis /><ref name=abc-Monis />
|victims = 17 sandera<ref name=smh-127suz />
|weapons = [[Shotgun]], [[parang]]<ref name="foxnews1215"/>
|motive = Tidak diketahui
}}
Pada jam-jam penyanderaan, sandera terlihat memegang bendera hitam bertuliskan [[syahadat]] dalam bahasa Arab.<ref name="Seven in 'lockdown' due to hostage crisis">{{cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/national/breaking-news/seven-evacuates-newsroom-near-cafe-siege/story-e6frfku9-1227156337550|title=Seven in 'lockdown' due to hostage crisis|work=news.com.au|accessdate=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215040723/http://www.news.com.au/national/breaking-news/seven-evacuates-newsroom-near-cafe-siege/story-e6frfku9-1227156337550|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Pelaku disebut-sebut "memiliki motivasi politik".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Griffiths|first1=Emma|title=Sydney siege: Prime Minister Tony Abbott says gunman is 'claiming political motivation'|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-15/abbott-says-it-is-unclear-if-sydney-siege-politically-motivated/5967860|accessdate=15 December 2014|agency=ABC News|publisher=ABC News|date=15 December 2014<!--8pm Perth time-->}}</ref><ref name="Gunman 'with a political motivation' holds hostages in Sydney, Australia" /> Rekaman televisi lokal menunjukkan lima sandera berhasil kabur, diduga merupakan karyawan kafe berdasarkan celemek yang dikenakan sandera yang kabur. Pada pukul 02:14 tanggal 16 Desember, [[State Protection Group|pasukan taktis polisi]] menyerbu kafe.<ref name="abc-blog" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-30485355|title=Sydney cafe siege: Australia police storm building|date=15 December 2014|publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Kepolisian New South Wales mengumumkan bahwa krisis penyanderaan ini telah berakhir<ref name="police-over">{{cite web|last1=NSW Police|title=Sydney siege is over. More details to follow.|url=https://twitter.com/nswpolice/status/544518337498058753|publisher=Twitter}}</ref> dan membenarkan bahwa Monis tertembak mati dalam serbuan ini; dua orang lainnya juga tewas.<ref name="police-release">{{cite web|title=Critical incident established following Martin Place siege|url=http://www.police.nsw.gov.au/news/latest_releases?sq_content_src=%2BdXJsPWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZWJpenByZC5wb2xpY2UubnN3Lmdvdi5hdSUyRm1lZGlhJTJGNDMxNDguaHRtbCZhbGw9MQ%3D%3D|website=NSW Police|accessdate=15 December 2014|date=16 December 2014|quote=About 2.10am (Tuesday 16 December), a confrontation occurred between police and a man who had taken a number of people hostage inside a café on Martin Place. Shots were fired during the confrontation. As a result, the 50-year-old man was pronounced dead after being taken to hospital.|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141215193054/http://www.police.nsw.gov.au/news/latest_releases?sq_content_src=%2BdXJsPWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZWJpenByZC5wb2xpY2UubnN3Lmdvdi5hdSUyRm1lZGlhJTJGNDMxNDguaHRtbCZhbGw9MQ%3D%3D|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
== Rangkaian peristiwa ==
=== Penyanderaan dan negosiasi ===
[[Berkas:Martin-place-lindt.jpg|jmpl|Suasana Lindt Chocolate Café, tempat krisis terjadi, pada tahun 2013]]
[[Berkas:2014-hostage-crisis-openstreetmap.svg|jmpl|ka|Peta lokasi penyanderaan]]
Krisis dimulai di [[Lindt & Sprüngli#Kafe cokelat|Lindt Chocolate Café]] di 53 Martin Place, Sydney, pada pukul 09:44 [[Australian Eastern Daylight Time|AEDT]] tanggal 15 Desember (22:44 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]], 14 Desember). Kafe ini terletak di seberang studio [[Seven News]] dan [[Reserve Bank of Australia]] serta kantor pusat [[Commonwealth Bank]] dan [[Westpac]], dan terletak di atas [[stasiun kereta api Martin Place|stasiun kereta api induk]].
Sandera terlihat sedang memegang [[Bendera Hitam#Bendera hitam jihadis|bendera hitam]] bertuliskan [[syahadat]] dalam bahasa Arab: "Tiada Tuhan selain Allah dan Muhammad adalah utusan Allah".<ref name="Seven in 'lockdown' due to hostage crisis" /><ref name=smhlindt1>[http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/lindt-chocolat-cafe-hostage-drama-in-martin-place-sydney-20141215-1278cx.html "Lindt Chocolate Cafe Hostage Drama in Martin Place Sydney."] ''Sydney Morning Herald''. 15 December 2014.</ref> Media awalnya salah mengira bahwa bendera tersebut merupakan bendera [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam]].<ref name="Gunman 'with a political motivation' holds hostages in Sydney, Australia">{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-major-police-operation-sydney-20141214-story.html#page=1|title=Police say they are in contact with gunman holding hostages in Sydney, Australia|work=news|accessdate=15 December 2014<!-- 8:40pm Perth time-->}}</ref> Salah satu sandera kabarnya dijadikan [[perisai manusia]] oleh Haron,<ref>Rolling coverage on [[Seven News]] ([[ATN]]), ''[[Seven West Media]]'', 15 December 2014.</ref> sosok yang digambarkan berjenggot, mengenakan baju putih, dan [[ikat kepala hitam]], membawa tas jinjing biru,<ref name="Sydney hostage crisis ends as commandos storm Lindt Cafe">[http://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2014/dec/15/sydney-siege-ends-police-storm-lindt-cafe-hostages-run-out "Sydney hostage crisis ends as commandos storm Lindt Cafe"]</ref> dan bersenjatakan [[shotgun]].<ref name="LIVE STREAM: Gunman forcing hostages to stand against cafe windows in Sydney siege" /><ref name="Gunman 'with a political motivation' holds hostages in Sydney, Australia" /> Sebelum penyanderaan terjadi, pintu geser otomatis kafe dimatikan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/12/15/siege-sydneys-martin-place-cafe|title=Sydney siege: Hostages held at Martin Place cafe|work=News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Sydney Hostage Crisis: Dozens Held Inside Cafe, Islamic Flag Put Up on Window">{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/world/sydney-hostage-crisis-dozens-held-inside-cafe-islamic-flag-put-up-on-window-634572|title=Sydney Hostage Crisis: Dozens Held Inside Cafe, Islamic Flag Put Up on Window|work=NDTV.com|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref>
Menurut penyiar radio [[2GB|Sydney 2GB]] [[Ray Hadley]], Haron menuntut untuk berbicara dengan Perdana Menteri secara langsung lewat radio, namun laporan tersebut belum dikonfirmasi kebenarannya.<ref name="sunshinelindt1">[http://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/breaking-hostages-taken-sydney-cafe/2484985/ "Hostage crisis: First images of 'lead gunman.'"] ''Sunshine Coast Daily''</ref> Ada pula laporan lain yang menyatakan bahwa Haron mengaku telah menaruh empat "alat" di sekitar Sydney. Namun demikian, Komisaris Kepolisian New South Wales, [[Andrew Scipione]], menyatakan bahwa tak satupun "alat" ditemukan ketika penyelidikan berlangsung.<ref name="Abbott speaks to nation: We won't let them scare us">{{cite web|url=http://www.gympietimes.com.au/news/breaking-hostages-taken-sydney-cafe/2484985/|title=Five hostages flee in terror from Sydney hostage drama|date=15 December 2014|work=Gympie Times|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Dua sandera wanita menghubungi media dan menyampaikan tuntutan Haron, tetapi [[Kepolisian New South Wales]] meminta agar tuntutan tersebut tidak dipublikasikan.<ref name="Gunman 'with a political motivation' holds hostages in Sydney, Australia" /><ref name="SMH Police clear Martin Place">{{cite news|last1=Levy|first1=Megan|last2=Begley|first2=Patrick|title=Police clear Martin Place after gunman holds hostages at Lindt Chocolat Cafe|url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/police-clear-martin-place-after-gunman-holds-hostages-at-lindt-chocolat-cafe-20141215-127824.html|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=15 December 2014}}</ref>
Kepolisian NSW mengelompokkan peristiwa ini sebagai serangan teroris.<ref name=smh-terrorist>{{cite news|last1=Ralston|first1=Nick|last2=Partridge|first2=Emma|title=Martin Place siege being treated as terrorist attack, police confirm|url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/martin-place-siege-being-treated-as-terrorist-attack-police-confirm-20141215-127mh5.html|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=15 December 2014}}</ref> Polisi bernegosiasi dengan Haron sepanjang hari.<ref name=abc-know>{{cite news|title=Sydney siege: What we do and don't know about hostage situation in Martin Place|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-15/sydney-siege-what-we-know/5967610|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=ABC News|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=15 December 2014}}</ref>
=== Kaburnya sandera ===
Wakil Komisaris Kepolisian NSW, Catherine Burn, membenarkan bahwa sekitar pukul 15:37, dua sandera keluar dari pintu depan bangunan, diikuti sandera ketiga, seorang karyawan, yang berlari dari pintu darurat di samping gedung. Media berpendapat bahwa sandera berhasil kabur, bukan dibebaskan, namun informasi rinci mengenai hal ini belum jelas.<ref name="LIVE STREAM: Gunman forcing hostages to stand against cafe windows in Sydney siege" /><ref name="Lindt Chocolat Cafe hostage drama in Martin Place, Sydney">{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/lindt-chocolat-cafe-hostage-drama-in-martin-place-sydney-20141215-1278cx.html|title=Lindt Chocolat Cafe hostage drama in Martin Place, Sydney|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Pihak kepolisian kemudian mengonfirmasi bahwa ketiga sandera tersebut melarikan diri.<ref name="foxnews1215">{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/12/15/hostage-situation-reportedly-unfolding-in-sydney-chocolate-shop/|title=Sydney siege: Police in contact with gunman as five hostages escape|work=Fox News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref>
Sekitar pukul 16:58, dua sandera wanita yang bekerja sebagai karyawan kabur lewat pintu yang lain<ref name="LIVE STREAM: Gunman forcing hostages to stand against cafe windows in Sydney siege" /> dan langsung disambut pasukan [[State Protection Group|Tactical Operations Unit]].<ref name="LIVE STREAM: Gunman forcing hostages to stand against cafe windows in Sydney siege" />
Pukul 02:08 tanggal 16 Desember, sekitar lima sampai tujuh sandera lain melarikan diri dari kafe.<ref name="Sydney hostage crisis ends as commandos storm Lindt Cafe"/><ref name="Gunman and Two Others Dead in Sydney Hostage Crisis">[http://abcnews.go.com/International/gunman-dead-sydney-hostage-crisis-standoff-end/story?id=27600443 "Gunman and Two Others Dead in Sydney Hostage Crisis"]</ref>
=== Serbuan ===
Pukul 02:14 tanggal 16 Desember, pasukan kepolisian bersenjata menyerbu kafe setelah melempar beberapa [[granat kejut]], kemudian dua kelompok sandera melarikan diri dari kafe. Kelompok pertama keluar setelah tembakan awal, sedangkan kelompok kedua keluar setelah tembakan kedua.<ref name=smh-127suz>{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/lindt-cafe-hostage-drama-in-martin-place-sydney-day-two-20141215-127suz.html|title=Lindt Cafe hostage drama in Martin Place, Sydney: day two|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name=abc-blog /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-16/police-storm-lindt-cafe/5969262|title=Police storm Lindt cafe|work=ABC News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Pihak kepolisian menyatakan bahwa penyanderaan kafe telah berakhir<ref name=police-over /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityam.com/205644/sydney-cafe-siege-hostages-flee-reports-suggest-gunman-demands-isis-flag-and-call-tony-abbott|title=Sydney siege over as officers storm Martin Place Lindt Cafe after gunman Man Haron Monis takes hostages - City A.M.|publisher=|accessdate=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141215170636/http://www.cityam.com/205644/sydney-cafe-siege-hostages-flee-reports-suggest-gunman-demands-isis-flag-and-call-tony-abbott|dead-url=yes}}</ref> dan membenarkan bahwa Haron tewas dalam serbuan tersebut.<ref name=police-release />
== Sandera ==
Awalnya diperkirakan ada 13 orang di dalam kafe. Setelah menanyai kelompok sandera yang pertama kali kabur, kepolisian menyebutkan bahwa kurang lebih ada 10 sandera yang masih tersisa di kafe.<ref name="LIVE STREAM: Gunman forcing hostages to stand against cafe windows in Sydney siege" /> Setelah penyanderaan berakhir, sandera dipastikan berjumlah 17 orang.<ref name="Sydney Hostage Crisis Over After Police Storm Cafe">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/15/sydney-hostage-crisis_n_6327220.html "Sydney Hostage Crisis Over After Police Storm Cafe"]</ref>
Pada tanggal 16 Desember, dua sandera tewas dan tiga lainnya terluka saat polisi menyerbu kafe. Sandera yang tewas adalah pria berusia 34 tahun dan wanita berusia 38 tahun.<ref name="Sydney Hostage Crisis Over After Police Storm Cafe"/> Salah satu sandera yang cedera, wanita berusia 40 tahunan, tertembak di bagian kaki dan dirawat di [[Royal North Shore Hospital]].<ref name="Sydney hostage crisis ends; gunman dead after raid">[http://www.cbsnews.com/news/sydney-hostages-police-raid-downtown-cafe/ "Sydney hostage crisis ends; gunman dead after raid"]</ref> Salah satu sandera yang awalnya melarikan diri dari lokasi kejadian dibawa ke rumah sakit karena gejala lama<ref name="Sydney hostage crisis ends; gunman dead after raid"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Press conference with NSW Police Chief Commissioner Scipione|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=ABC News|date=15 December 2014}}</ref> dan telah pulih.<ref name="Gunman 'with a political motivation' holds hostages in Sydney, Australia" />
== Pelaku ==
{{Main|Man Haron Monis}}
Man Haron Monis, kadang dikenal dengan nama Mohammad Hassan Manteghi,<ref name="Sydney siege gunman named as Man Haron Monis">[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/11294514/Sydney-siege-gunman-named-as-Man-Haron-Monis.html "Sydney siege gunman named as Man Haron Monis"]</ref> diidentifikasi sebagai pelaku penyanderaan. Ia lahir di [[Iran]], dan mencari suaka politik di Australia pada tahun 1996 setelah istri dan anak-anaknya ditahan di Iran.<ref name="Profile: Man Haron Monis">[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-30484419 "Profile: Man Haron Monis"]</ref><ref name="Police Name Sydney Hostage-Taker as 'Radical Cleric' Man Haron Monis">[http://www.newsweek.com/police-name-sydney-hostage-taker-radical-cleric-man-haron-monis-291926 "Police Name Sydney Hostage-Taker as 'Radical Cleric' Man Haron Monis"]</ref><ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.abc.net.au/rn/religionreport/stories/2001/240626.htm
|title=New Cardinals for Rome, George Bush, Muslims in Australia
|work=The Religion Report
|publisher=Radio National
|date=31 January 2001
|accessdate=5 April 2013
}}</ref> Ia mengaku sebagai [[syekh]], tetapi tidak diakui di kalangan Muslim Australia.<ref name=age-Monis>{{cite news|last1=Ralston|first1=Nick|title=Martin Place, Sydney siege gunman identified as Man Haron Monis|url=http://www.theage.com.au/nsw/martin-place-sydney-siege-gunman-identified-as-man-haron-monis-20141215-127sxt.html|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=[[The Age]]}}</ref><ref name=abc-Monis>{{cite news|last1=Knowles|first1=Lorna|title=Sydney siege: Man behind siege named as Iranian cleric Man Haron Monis|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-16/cleric/5969246|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=ABC News|date=16 December 2014}}</ref> Polisi tidak menemukan kaitan antara Haron dan organisasi teroris internasional.<ref name="Sydney hostage crisis ends; gunman dead after raid"/>
Haron sejak dulu sudah bermasalah secara hukum. Antara tahun 2007 dan 2009,<ref name="Sydney Hostage Crisis Over After Police Storm Cafe"/> ia memprotes kehadiran pasukan Australia di [[Perang di Afghanistan (2001–sekarang)|Afghanistan]] dengan menulis surat kepada keluarga tentara yang tewas di sana; ia menyebut para tentara sebagai pembunuh<ref>{{cite news|author=AAP|date=6 September 2013|title=Sheik says letters were flowers of advice|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2013/09/06/sheik-says-letters-were-flowers-advice|work=SBS News|publisher=sbs.com.au|accessdate=8 February 2014}}</ref> dan meminta keluarga tentara untuk menuntut pemerintah menarik tentaranya dari Afghanistan. Salah satu surat membandingkan tentara yang gugur dengan seekor babi dan menyebut jasadnya "telah terkontaminasi".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.humanrights.gov.au/publications/casenote-monis-v-queen-2013-hca-4-1|title=Casenote: Monis v The Queen [2013] HCA 4|work=humanrights.gov.au|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Ia juga mengirim surat serupa kepada keluarga tentara Britania Raya dan ibu pejabat pemerintah yang tewas dalam pengeboman di [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]].<ref name="Sydney siege gunman named as Man Haron Monis"/> Haron ditahan atas tuduhan "menggunakan jasa pos atau sejenisnya untuk mengejek, memeras, atau melanggar aturan"; ia mengakui seluruh tuduhan tersebut pada tahun 2013. Kabarnya, ia dijatuhi hukuman uji coba (''probation'') dan 300 jam kerja sosial. Ia juga dilarang menggunakan [[jasa pos di Australia|jasa pos Australia]] pada tahun 2010.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hoerr|first=Karl|date=22 November 2013|title='Hate mail' suspect protests against 'misinterpretation'|url=http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2008/s2739013.htm|work=Lateline|publisher=abc.net.au|accessdate=8 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="Sydney Hostage Siege Ends With Gunman and 2 Captives Dead as Police Storm Cafe">[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/16/world/asia/sydney-australia-hostages.html "Sydney Hostage Siege Ends With Gunman and 2 Captives Dead as Police Storm Cafe"]</ref><ref name="Before the Sydney siege, alleged gunman Man Haron Monis faced sexual assault, murder conspiracy charges">[http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/world/wp/2014/12/15/before-he-took-hostages-at-a-sydney-cafe-man-haron-monis-had-been-tied-to-alleged-murder-sexual-assaults-and-offensive-letters/ "Before the Sydney siege, alleged gunman Man Haron Monis faced sexual assault, murder conspiracy charges"]</ref>
Pada bulan November 2013, ia ditahan karena turut serta dalam pembunuhan mantan istrinya, Noleen Hayson Pal, yang menurut laporan ditusuk 18 kali dan dibakar di tangga rumah pada tanggal 21 April 2013. Rekannya, Amirah Droudis, secara resmi ditahan atas pembunuhan Pal.<ref name="Sydney Hostage Siege Ends With Gunman and 2 Captives Dead as Police Storm Cafe"/><ref name="Before the Sydney siege, alleged gunman Man Haron Monis faced sexual assault, murder conspiracy charges"/><ref>{{cite news|author=AAP|date=22 November 2013|title=Self-styled Muslim sheikh faces court on accessory to murder charge|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-22/self-styled-muslim-sheikh-faces-court-on-accessory-to-murder-ch/5111744|work=ABC News|publisher=abc.net.au|accessdate=8 February 2014}}</ref> Tanggal 14 Maret 2014, Haron ditangkap dengan tuduhan pelecehan seksual terhadap seorang perempuan di Sydney barat pada tahun 2002.<ref name="Sydney Hostage Siege Ends With Gunman and 2 Captives Dead as Police Storm Cafe"/><ref>{{cite news|author=ABC News|date=14 April 2014|title='Spiritual healer' refused bail over alleged 2002 sexual assaults at Wentworthville in Sydney's west|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-04-14/spiritual-healer-arrested-for-sexual-assault/5388332|work=ABC News|publisher=abc.net.au|accessdate=14 April 2014}}</ref> Pada Oktober 2014, ia juga dituduh melakukan 40 pelecehan seksual yang terkait dengan enam insiden antara tahun 2000 dan 2002.<ref name="Sydney siege gunman named as Man Haron Monis"/> Pada waktu penyanderaan terjadi, Haron sedang dalam keadaan bebas dengan jaminan atas semua kasus tersebut.<ref name="Sydney Hostage Siege Ends With Gunman and 2 Captives Dead as Police Storm Cafe"/> Ia dijadwalkan hadir dalam sidang dengar pendapat kasus pelecehan seksual pada tanggal 17 Februari 2015.<ref name="Before the Sydney siege, alleged gunman Man Haron Monis faced sexual assault, murder conspiracy charges"/>
Sehari sebelum penyanderaan terjadi, Haron menuliskan kata-kata berikut di situs webnya:
<blockquote>"Islam adalah agama yang damai. Itu sebabnya Muslim berjuang melawan penindasan dan terorisme A.S. beserta sekutunya, termasuk Britania Raya dan Australia. Jika kita tetap diam terhadap para penjahat itu, kita tidak akan bisa memiliki masyarakat yang damai. Semakin keras kamu melawan kejahatan, semakin damai pula dirimu. Islam menginginkan perdamaian di Bumi. Maka dari itu, umat Islam ingin menghentikan terorisme Amerika dan antek-anteknya. Apabila kamu mengangkat suara melawan kejahatan, kamu telah maju satu langkah menuju perdamaian."<ref name="Police Name Sydney Hostage-Taker as 'Radical Cleric' Man Haron Monis"/></blockquote>
Ia juga menulis: "Aku dulunya seorang penganut [[Rafidi]], sekarang tidak lagi. Sekarang aku seorang Muslim, ''[[alhamdulillah]]''".<ref name=age-Monis/> "Rafidi" adalah istilah yang digunakan orang [[Salafi]] untuk mengejek kaum [[Syi'ah]], salah satu cabang agama Islam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=azCRjNPFdgQC&pg=PA141&dq=salafi+derogatory+rafidi&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9vmOVOaQMND9yQSdhIKoDA&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=salafi%20derogatory%20rafidi&f=false|title=A Quietist Jihadi|publisher=|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Di situsnya, Haron menolak segala tuntutan atas dirinya dan menyebutnya bermuatan politik.<ref name="Profile: Man Haron Monis"/> Ia mengklaim [[Kementerian Intelijen]] Iran dan [[Australian Security Intelligence Organisation|ASIO]] sedang merusak nama baiknya.<ref name="Sydney siege gunman named as Man Haron Monis"/>
== Dampak ==
[[Berkas:2014 Sydney hostage crisis, Martin Place.ogv|jmpl|Video Martin Place]]
[[Berkas:2014 Sydney hostage crisis 01.jpg|jmpl|Kepolisian memblokir Martin Place di dekat Lindt Café]]
=== Transportasi ===
Kereta api tidak berhenti di [[stasiun kereta api Martin Place]] karena keadaan sedang genting. [[Transport New South Wales]] menyarankan agar masyarakat menjauhi kawasan CBD.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.transportnsw.info/en/transport-status/alerts-detail.page?MessageNum=2011749&type=train|title=Transport status alert - transportnsw.info|publisher=|accessdate=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215053808/http://www.transportnsw.info/en/transport-status/alerts-detail.page?MessageNum=2011749&type=train|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Lalu lintas ke selatan lewat [[Cahill Expressway]], [[York Street, Sydney|York Street]], atau Harbour Street ditutup. Lalu lintas ke utara lewat Cahill Expressway juga ditutup, dan semua lalu lintas dialihkan ke [[Sydney Harbour Tunnel]]. Lalu lintas ke utara lewat Western Distributor dialihkan ke Sydney Harbour Bridge.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-15/sydney-siege-leads-to-cbd-transport-closures/5967700|title=Sydney siege: Martin Place Lindt cafe hostage situation leads to road closures and transport diversions|work=ABC News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Beberapa jalan kota ditutup.<ref name=businessinsider-happening>{{cite news|last1=Thomsen|first1=Simon|title=SYDNEY SIEGE: Here's What's Happening To The City As A Result|url=http://www.businessinsider.com.au/sydney-siege-update-heres-whats-happening-to-the-city-as-a-result-2014-12|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=Business Insider Australia|date=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215161815/http://www.businessinsider.com.au/sydney-siege-update-heres-whats-happening-to-the-city-as-a-result-2014-12|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Harga otomatis [[Uber (perusahaan)|Uber Sydney]] membuat orang-orang yang hendak meninggalkan pusat kota dikenai tarif bawah $100 selama penyanderaan berlangsung. Setelah mendapat kecaman, Uber mengumumkan di [[Twitter]] bahwa perjalanan dari distrik bisnis pusat Sydney "gratis bagi para pelanggan"; namun demikian, kenaikan harga ke CBD dipertahankan agar menarik perhatian pengemudi Uber.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Brian Ries, Jenni Ryall|title=Uber introduces surge pricing in downtown Sydney during hostage siege|url=http://mashable.com/2014/12/14/uber-sydney-surge-pricing/#:eyJzIjoidCIsImkiOiJfamYxa2phYmt2cXZqdHNtNSJ9|website=Mashable|publisher=Mashable|accessdate=15 December 2014|date=15 December 2014}}</ref>
=== Evakuasi dan penutupan ===
[[Berkas:Sydney hostage crisis - Road closures.jpg|jmpl|Penutupan jalan]]
Tidak lama setelah penyanderaan dimulai, orang-orang yang berada di lantai di atas kafe diungsikan menggunakan tangga.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://livenews.abc.net.au/Event/Live_blog_Siege_in_Sydneys_Martin_Place/137067049 |title=Police have evacuated people trapped in the buildi... - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2014-12-15 |archive-date=2014-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215060214/http://livenews.abc.net.au/Event/Live_blog_Siege_in_Sydneys_Martin_Place/137067049 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Sydney Opera House]] dikosongkan setelah sebuah kotak mencurigakan ditemukan, tetapi laporan ini belum dikonfirmasi oleh kepolisian.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1391970/sydney-siege-up-to-20-hostages-held-reports|title=Sydney Siege: Up To 20 Hostages Held - Reports|work=Sky News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/sydney-opera-house-evacuated-after-reports-suspicious-package-6206406|title = Sydney Opera House evacuated after reports of a suspicious package|date = 15 December 2014|accessdate = 15 December 2014|website = |publisher = TVNZ|last = |first = }}</ref> Konsulat Jenderal Amerika Serikat di Martin Place juga dikosongkan.<ref>{{cite news|title=US Consulate in Sydney near hostage cafe crisis evacuated, security warning issued|url=http://www.stasiareport.com/news/asia/australianew-zealand/story/us-consulate-sydney-near-hostage-cafe-crisis-evacuated-security|accessdate=14 December 2014|work=The Straits Times|publisher=Singapore Press Holdings Ltd|date=15 December 2014}}</ref>
Kepolisian menyarankan agar masyarakat di wilayah yang berbatasan dengan [[Hunter Street, Sydney|Hunter]], [[King Street, Sydney|George]], [[Elizabeth Street, Sydney|Elizabeth]], dan [[Macquarie Street, Sydney|Macquarie Street]], berdekatan dengan Martin Place, tetap berada di dalam ruangan dan menjauhi jendela.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/nswpolice/status/544303006460551168/photo/1|title=NSW Police on Twitter|work=Twitter|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> [[Commonwealth Bank]], [[Westpac]], dan [[Australia and New Zealand Banking Group]] menutup cabangnya di CBD sepanjang hari.<ref name=abc-blog /> [[State Library of New South Wales|State Library]] juga ditutup.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/statelibrarynsw/status/544286317698248704|title=State Library of NSW on Twitter|work=Twitter|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Beberapa gedung lain seperti pertokoan [[David Jones Limited|David Jones]], kantor eksekutif [[Parlemen New South Wales]], pengadilan kriminal milik [[Mahkamah Agung New South Wales]], [[Downing Centre]], dan "sejumlah pengadilan kota" dievakuasi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://smhcom.freetrialoffer.us/nsw/police-clear-martin-place-after-gunman-holds-hostages-at-lindt-chocolat-cafe-20141215-127824.html |title=Police clear Martin Place after gunman holds hostages at Lindt Chocolat Cafe<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2014-12-15 |archive-date=2014-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215064407/http://smhcom.freetrialoffer.us/nsw/police-clear-martin-place-after-gunman-holds-hostages-at-lindt-chocolat-cafe-20141215-127824.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Kantor [[Seven Network]] yang terletak persis di seberang kafe juga dikosongkan.<ref name="7lockdown">{{Cite news|url = http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/latest-news/seven-evacuates-newsroom-near-cafe-siege/story-fn3dxiwe-1227156337550?nk=c384aa539f9733e57b7ea166dbe4d3aa|title = Seven in 'lockdown' due to hostage crisis|last =|first =|date = 15 December 2014|work = The Australian|accessdate = 15 December 2014|newspaper = }}</ref> Karyawan yang sudah masuk kantor di gedung yang sama dengan lokasi penyanderaan dievakuasi melalui tangga darurat.
Sejumlah sekolah di Sydney menjalani "pengurungan kategori putih" selama krisis penyanderaan berlangsung, artinya kelompok murid apapun tidak boleh keluar dari kawasan sekolah.<ref name=smhlindt1/>
== Tanggapan ==
=== Pemerintah ===
[[Perdana Menteri Australia]], [[Tony Abbott]], mengadakan rapat bersama National Security Committee of Cabinet untuk mengetahui perkembangan terkini.<ref name=smhlindt1 /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itv.com/news/update/2014-12-15/abbott-reassures-australians-over-sydney-siege/|title=Abbott reassures Australians over Sydney siege|work=ITV News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://forums.pmc.gov.au/media|title=Incident in Martin Place, Sydney|work=Prime Minister of Australia Media|accessdate=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215063007/http://forums.pmc.gov.au/media|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Abbott membuat pernyataan terbuka kepada penduduk Australia, "Warga Australia perlu tahu bahwa pasukan penegak hukum dan keamanan kita terlatih dengan baik dan memiliki perlengkapan yang cukup dan menanggapi [situasi ini] dengan cara yang pantas dan profesional."<ref name="Hostages Taken at Australian Chocolate Shop">{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/hostages-taken-australian-chocolate-shop-n268321|title=Five Hostages Flee Lindt Chocolate Cafe in Sydney, Australia|work=NBC News|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Ia menambahkan, "Tujuan utama kekerasan yang bermuatan politik adalah menakut-nakuti masyarakat agar tidak bisa menjalani kehidupannya masing-masing. Australia adalah masyarakat yang damai, terbuka, dan baik. Tidak ada yang bisa mengubah mereka, dan karena itulah saya meminta agar semua warga Australia tetap menjalani hari-harinya seperti biasa."<ref name="Abbott speaks to nation: We won't let them scare us" />
[[Perdana Menteri New South Wales]], [[Mike Baird]], menyampaikan kepada media, "Hari ini kita mendapat sebuah ujian... di Sydney. Kepolisian sedang diuji, masyarakat sedang diuji, namun apapun ujiannya, kita akan menghadapinya dan kita akan tetap menjadi masyarakat sipil yang kuat dan demokratis. Saya menaruh kepercayaan pada Komisaris Polisi dan kerja keras pasukan kepolisian New South Wales."<ref name=abc-blog /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXYrHlBPX-k&feature=youtu.be|title=Premier and Commissioner address the media re: Martin Place police operation|work=YouTube|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref>
=== Komunitas ===
Karena khawatir dengan serangan balik anti-Muslim dari masyarakat, gerakan ''#illridewithyou'' dirintis di media sosial untuk membantu secara fisik maupun emosional setiap Muslim yang bepergian sendirian menggunakan transportasi umum.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/technology/online/illridewithyou-twitter-sprouts-anti-islamophobia-campaign/story-fnjwnhzf-1227157197523|title=#illridewithyou: Twitter sprouts anti-Islamophobia campaign|publisher=[[news.com.au]]|date=15 December 2014|accessdate=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215170318/http://www.news.com.au/technology/online/illridewithyou-twitter-sprouts-anti-islamophobia-campaign/story-fnjwnhzf-1227157197523|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/nsw/martin-place-siege-illridewithyou-hashtag-goes-viral-20141215-127rm1.html|title=Martin Place siege: #illridewithyou hashtag goes viral|publisher=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=15 December 2014|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-15/illridewithyou-hashtag-takes-off-following-siege/5969102|title = #illridewithyou: support for Muslim Australians takes off following Sydney siege|last =|first =|date = 15 December 2014|work = ABC News|accessdate = 15 December 2014}}</ref>
=== Organisasi Islam ===
Sanier Dandan, presiden [[Lebanese Muslim Association]], memberitahu [[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] bahwa para pemimpin Muslim di Australia mengadakan rapat secara daring untuk membahas apa yang bisa dibantu masyarakat Muslim dalam krisis ini. Ia juga menambahkan bahwa kaitan antara sang pelaku dengan masyarakat Muslim Australia belum diketahui, "Apapun itu, di sana sedang terjadi penyanderaan. Entah ia bagian dari masyarakat Muslim Australia atau tidak, kami masih menunggu informasi dari kepolisian, dan berdasarkan informasi tersebut, apabila ada yang perlu dibantu masyarakat Muslim, kami siap membantu."<ref name="Sydney hostage crisis: Live Report">{{cite web|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/world/449935/sydney-hostage-crisis-live-report|title=Sydney hostage crisis: Live Report|author=Post Publishing PCL.|work=http://www.bangkokpost.com|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="businessinsider-live">{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-sydney-hostage-crisis-live-report-2014-12|title=Sydney hostage crisis: Live Report - Business Insider|date=15 December 2014|work=Business Insider|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Ibrahim Abu Mohamed, [[Mufti Agung]] Australia, juga mengutuk insiden ini dalam pernyataan tertulis.<ref name=abc-blog /><ref name="Central Sydney Is in Lockdown Amid a Developing Hostage Crisis">{{cite news|url=http://time.com/3633134/sydney-hostage-martin-place-lindt-cafe-terrorism/|title=Sydney Hostage Crisis: Major Police Operation Unfolding|work=TIME.com|accessdate=15 December 2014}}</ref> Sepanjang sore tanggal 15 Desember, sekitar 50 kelompok Muslim mengeluarkan pernyataan bersama yang intinya mengecam insiden ini.<ref name=abc-blog>{{cite news|last1=Franklin|first1=Daniel|title=Live blog: Siege in Sydney's Martin Place|url=http://livenews.abc.net.au/Event/Live_blog_Siege_in_Sydneys_Martin_Place/137083674|accessdate=15 December 2014|work=ABC News|date=15 December 2014|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215113015/http://livenews.abc.net.au/Event/Live_blog_Siege_in_Sydneys_Martin_Place/137083674|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
== Lihat pula ==
{{commonscat|2014 Sydney hostage crisis}}
* [[Kejahatan di Australia]]
* [[Terorisme di Australia]]
* [[Serbuan teror Australia 2014]]
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sydney hostage crisis, 2014}}
[[Kategori:Australia]]
[[Kategori:Sydney]]
[[Kategori:Insiden teroris di Australia]]
[[Kategori:Terorisme tahun 2014]]
[[Kategori:Kejahatan di Sydney]]
[[Kategori:Kejahatan tahun 2014]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Australia sejak 1945]]
[[Kategori:Serangan tahun 2014]]
[[Kategori:Terorisme Islamis di Australia]]
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