Protestanisme: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Puritan|Kaum Puritan]] adalah segolongan umat Protestan di Inggris pada [[Christianity in the 16th century|abad ke-16]] dan [[Christianity in the 17th century|ke-17]] yang berusaha memurnikan [[gereja Inggris]] dari unsur-unsur yang mereka anggap sebagai amalan-amalan Katolik, dengan bersikukuh bahwa gereja Inggris belum sepenuhnya diperbaharui. Puritanism dalam arti yang demikian dicetuskan oleh beberapa orang rohaniwan Inggris yang [[Pengasingan Marian|pulang dari pembuangan]] sesudah [[Elizabeth I dari Inggris|Ratu Elizabeth I]] naik takhta pada tahun 1558, sebagai suatu gerakan aktivis di dalam tubuh [[gereja Inggris]].
Kaum Puritan tidak diberi kesempatan untuk menciptakan perubahan di dalam tubuh gereja Inggris, malah ruang gerak mereka di Inggris dipersempit melalui undang-undang yang mengendalikan kehidupan beragama masyarakat. Meskipun demikian, keyakinan-keyakinan mereka terbawa bersama jemaat-jemaat Puritan yang berhijrah ke Negeri Belanda (dan kemudian hari juga ke New England),
Mereka membentuk, dan diidentikkan dengan, berbagai kelompok keagamaan yang menganjurkan peningkatan kemurnian [[sembahyang|peribadatan]] dan [[doktrin]], maupun [[pietisme|ketakwaan]] perorangan dan kelompok.<!-- Puritans adopted a [[Reformed theology]], but they also took note of radical criticisms of Zwingli in Zurich and Calvin in Geneva. In church polity, some advocated for separation from all other Christians, in favor of autonomous [[gathered church]]es. These separatist and [[independent (religion)|independent]] strands of Puritanism became prominent in the 1640s. Although the [[English Civil War]] (which expanded into the [[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]]) began over a contest for political power between the [[King of England]] and the [[House of Commons]], it divided the country along religious lines as [[Episcopalianism|episcopalians]] within the Church of England sided with the Crown and Presbyterians and Independents supported ''Parliament'' (after the defeat of the Royalists, the [[House of Lords]] as well as the Monarch were removed from the political structure of the state to create the [[Commonwealth of England|Commonwealth]]). The supporters of a [[Presbyterian polity]] in the [[Westminster Assembly]] were unable to forge a new English national church, and the Parliamentary [[New Model Army]], which was made up primarily of Independents, under [[Oliver Cromwell]] first purged Parliament, then abolished it and established [[The Protectorate]].
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