Pengguna:Erik Evrest/Bak pasir/1: Perbedaan antara revisi

Turk memulai debutnya pada tahun 1770 di Istana Schönbrunn, sekitar enam bulan setelah pertunjukan Pelletier. Kempelen ditangani pengadilan, memperlihatkan apa yang telah ia buat, dan memulai demonstrasi mesin dan bagian-bagiannya. Dengan setiap pertunjukan Turk, Kempelen memulai dengan membuka pintu dan laci kabinet, yang memungkinkan anggota audiens untuk memeriksa mesin tersebut. Setelah penampilannya tersebut, Kempelen akan mengumumkan bahwa mesin ini sudah siap untuk seorang penantang.<ref>Standage, 24–17.</ref>

 

 

 

Turk juga had the ability to converse with spectators using a letter board. The director, whose identity during the period when Kempelen presented the machine di Istana Schönbrunn is unknown,<ref>Standage, 204–205</ref> was able to do this in Inggris, Perancis, dan Jerman. [[Carl Hindenburg|Carl Friedrich Hindenburg]], sebuah universitas matematika, kept a record of the conversations during the Turk's time di [[Leipzig]] dan mempublikasikannya pada tahun 1789 dengan judul ''Über den Schachspieler des Herrn von Kempelen und dessen Nachbildung'' (atau ''On the Pemain Catur Tuan von Kempelen dan Replikanya''). Topics of questions put to dan dijawab oleh Turk included its age, marital status, dan its secret workings.<ref>Levitt, 33–34.</ref>

Pada tahun 1809, [[Napoleon I dari Perancis]] mengunjungi di [[Istana Schönbrunn]] untuk bermain dengan Turk. Menurut to an eyewitness report, Mälzel took responsibility untuk konstruksi mesin while preparing the game, dan Turk ([[Johann Baptist Allgaier]]) memberi hormat kepada Napoleon prior to memulai pertandingan. The details of the pertandingan have been published over the years in numerous accounts, many of them contradictory.<ref>Standage, 105–106.</ref> Menurut [[Bradley Ewart]], it is believed that the Turk sat at its kabinet, and Napoleon sat at a separate chess table. Napoleon's table was in a roped-off area and he was not allowed to cross into the Turk's area, with Mälzel crossing back and forth to make each player's move and allowing a clear view for the spectators. In a surprise move, Napoleon took the first turn instead of allowing the Turk to make the first move, as was usual; but Mälzel allowed the game to continue. Shortly thereafter, Napoleon attempted an ilegal move. Upon noticing the move, the Turk returned the piece to its original spot and continued the game. Napoleon attempted the ilegal move a second time, and the Turk responded by removing the piece from the board entirely and taking its turn. Napoleon then attempted the move a third time, the Turk responding with a sweep of its arm, knocking all the pieces off the board. Napoleon was reportedly amused, dan then played a real game with the machine, completing nineteen moves before tipping over rajanya in surrender.<ref name="Ewart">Bradley Ewart, ''Chess: Man vs. Machine'' (London: Tantivy, 1980).</ref> Versi lain of the story include Napoleon menjadi tidak senang about losing to the machine, playing the machine at a later time, playing one pertandingan dengan sebuah magnet on the board, dan memainkan sebuah pertandingan dengan sebuah [[selendang]] around the kepala dan tubuh Turk in an attempt to obscure its vision.<ref>Levitt, 39–42.</ref>

 

<ref group=Note>"The writer in the ''Palamede'' makes the result a kind of partnership in an exhibition tour – the title of the Automaton was to remain in the princely owner, and Maelzel was to pay the interest of the original cost as his partner's fair proportion of the profits. But another account – current, Aku percaya, di Munich – makes the transaction to have been a sale: Maelzel bought back the Automaton for the same thirty thousand francs, and was to pay for it out of the profits of pamerannya – " Provided, nevertheless," that Maelzel was not to leave the Continent to give such exhibitions. The latter account I believe to be the more correct one."

The Book of the first American Chess Congress, page 427,[http://books.google.at/books?id=HrBAAAAAcAAJ&dq=Mr.%20Maelzel%20often&pg=PA427&ci=99%2C753%2C778%2C337&source=bookclip Online]</ref> The complete story does not make a lot of sense sejak Mälzel mengunjungi Paris lagi, dan ia juga could import his "Conflagration of Moscow".<ref group=Note>"Mr. Maelzel, who had already experienced some regret at parting with his protegi, requested the favour to be again reinstated in the charge, promising to pay Eugene (he interest of the thirty thousand francs Mr. M. hod pocketed. This proposition was graciously conceded by the gallant Beauharnois, dan Maelzel thus had the satisfaction of finding he had made a tolerably good bargain, '''getting literally the money for nothing at all!'''

[[Image:Malzels-exhibition-ad.JPG|right|thumb|Sebuah iklan untuk penampilan [[Johann Nepomuk Mälzel|Mälzel]] dengan Turk di [[London]]<ref>Levitt, 45.</ref>]]Mengikuti the repurchase, Mälzel brought the Turk kembali ke Paris where he made acquaintances of many of the leading chess players at Café de la Régence. Mälzel tinggal di Perancis dengan mesin tersebut until 1818, dimana ia pindah ke London dan held a number of performances with the Turk dan banyak mesin lainnya. Di London, Mälzel dan his act received a large amount of press, and he continued improving the machine,<ref>Levitt, 45–48.</ref> ultimately installing sebuah kotak suara so the machine could say "Échec!" when placing a player in skak.<ref>Standage, 125.</ref>

 

 

==Mälzel di Amerika==