Kesalingpahaman: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
kTidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
||
Baris 65:
* '''[[Bahasa Katalan|Katalan]]''': [[bahasa Valencia|Valencia]]—bentuk bakunya merupakan satu bahasa yang sama secara struktural sehingga saling dapat dipahami. Kedua bahasa itu dianggap terpisah karena alasan politik.
* '''[[Bahasa Melayu|Melayu]]''': [[bahasa Indonesia|Indonesia]],<ref name=IndMal>{{cite book |title=Learner English: A Teacher's Guide to Interference and Other Problems |page=279 |last=Swan |first=Michael |year=2001 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-77939-5 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6UIuWj9fQfQC&pg=PA279&dq=Indonesian+and+Malay+mutual+intelligibility#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> [[bahasa Malaysia|Malaysia]].
* '''[[Bahasa Neo-Aram Asyur|Neo-Aram Asyur]]''': [[bahasa Neo-Aram Khaldea|Neo-Aram Khaldea]],<ref>[http://www.aina.org/articles/rothbotmal.pdf/ Remarks on the Historical Background of the Modern Assyrian Language], [[Geoffrey Khan]], [[University of Cambridge]]</ref> [[Lishana Deni]],<ref>[[Arthur John Maclean|Maclean, Arthur John]] (1895). ''Grammar of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac: As Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, North-West Persia, and the Plain of Mosul: With Notices of the Vernacular of the Jews of Azerbaijan and of Zakhu Near Mosul''. Cambridge University Press, London.</ref> [[bahasa Hértevin|Hértevin]],<ref>Jastrow, Otto (1990). Personal and Demonstrative pronouns in Central Neo-Aramaic. In [[Wolfhart Heinrichs]] (ed.), ''Studies in Neo-Aramaic'', hlm. 89–103. Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press. ISBN 1-55540-430-8.</ref> [[bahasa Neo-Aram Bohtan|Neo-Aram Bohtan]],<ref>Fox, Samuel. 2002. "A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Bohtan", dalam W. Arnold dan H. Bobzin, "Sprich doch mit deinen Knechten aramäisch, wir verstehen es!" 60 Beiträge zur Semitistik Festschrift für Otto Jastrow zum 60. ''Geburtstag, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 165–180.</ref> dan [[Senaya language|Senaya]]<ref>Takashina, Yoshiyuki.1990. "Some Remarks on Modern Aramaic of Hertevin." ''Journal of Asian and African Studies 40: 85–132''</ref><ref>Greenfield, Jonas. 1978. "The Dialects of Early Aramaic". ''Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Colloquium on Aramaic Studies 37: 93–99''</ref>—bentuk bakunya merupakan satu bahasa yang sama secara struktural sehingga saling dapat dipahami
* '''[[Bahasa Serbo-Kroasia|Serbo-Kroasia]]''': [[bahasa Bosnia|Bosnia]], [[bahasa Kroasia|Kroasia]], [[bahasa Montenegro|Montenegro]], dan [[bahasa Serbia|Serbia]]—bentuk bakunya merupakan satu bahasa yang sama secara struktural sehingga saling dapat dipahami,<ref name=KordiJin>{{cite book|last=Kordić |first=Snježana |authorlink=Snježana Kordić |year=2010 |language=Serbo-Croatian |title=Jezik i nacionalizam |trans_title=Language and Nationalism |url=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/475567.Jezik_i_nacionalizam.pdf |deadurl=no |series=Rotulus Universitas |location=Zagreb |publisher=Durieux |pages=101–108 |isbn=978-953-188-311-5 |lccn=2011520778 |oclc=729837512 |ol=15270636W |archivedate=8 Juli 2012 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/690BiBe4T |accessdate=3 Agustus 2014}}</ref> baik lisan maupun tulis (jika sama-sama menggunakan [[alfabet Latin]]).<ref>{{cite book |last=Kordić |first=Snježana |authorlink=Snježana Kordić |editor1-last=Krause |editor1-first= Marion |editor2-last=Sappok |editor2-first=Christian |title=Slavistische Linguistik 2002: Referate des XXVIII. Konstanzer Slavistischen Arbeitstreffens, Bochum 10-12 September 2002 |series=Slavistishe Beiträge ; vol. 434 |publisher= Otto Sagner |pages=110–114 |language=German |chapter=Pro und kontra: "Serbokroatisch" heute |trans_chapter=Pro and contra: "Serbo-Croatian" nowadays |chapterurl=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/430499.PRO_UND_KONTRA_SERBOKROATISCH.PDF |deadurl=no |location=Munich |year=2004 |isbn=3-87690-885-X |oclc=56198470 |archivedate=4 Agustus 2012 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/69f5n0ek4 |accessdate=23 Januari 2015}}</ref> Bahasa-bahasa itu dianggap terpisah karena alasan politik.<ref>{{cite book|title=Language and identity in the Balkans: Serbo-Croatian and its disintegration |page=14 |last=Greenberg |first=Robert David |year=2004 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-925815-4 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3ZvDJQHaUZkC&pg=PA13&dq=bosnian+serbian+croatian+language+mutual&cd=1#v=onepage&q=renamed%20these%20classes&f=false}}</ref>
** Dialek-dialek bahasa Serbo-Kroasia ([[dialek Kajkavia|Kajkavia]], [[dialek Chakavia|Chakavia]], [[dialek Shtokavia|Shtokavia]], dan [[dialek Torlakia|Torlakia]]) dianggap sebagian orang sebagai bahasa. Bentuk baku keempat dialek tersebut didasarkan pada bentuk baku dialek Shtokavia. Kesalingpahaman keempat dialek itu sangat bervariasi, baik antardialek maupun dengan bahasa lain. Dialek Kajkavia berkesalingpahaman dengan [[bahasa Slovenia|Slovenia]] serta dialek Torlakia (dianggap sebagian orang sebagai subdialek Shtokavia) berkesalingpahaman secara signifikan dengan [[bahasa Makedonia|Makedonia]] dan [[bahasa Bulgaria|Bulgaria]].<ref name=Bul20>[http://books.google.com/books?id=F7-Bees_VvAC&pg=PA280&dq=%D0%97%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81+%D0%BE%D1%82+18+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA,+%D0%B2:+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82+%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7+%D0%A5%D0%A5+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&hl=bg&cd=1#v=onepage&q&f=false Българският език през ХХ век (Bahasa Bulgaria pada Abad XX)]</ref>
| |||