Republik Texas: Perbedaan antara revisi
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:''Artikel sebelumnya: [[Texas Meksiko]]''
Texas awalnya merupakan bagian dari ''Provincias Internas'' dari koloni [[Spanyol Baru]] (''Nueva España)'', kawasan yang secara historis dikenal sebagai <u>''Texas Spanyol''</u>. Meskipun diklaim oleh Spanyol, namun
=== Perang Kemerdekaan Meksiko (1810 - 1821) ===
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==== Konflik Bersenjata ====
Selain dengan Meksiko, Republik Texas juga menghadapi konflik bersenjata dengan pribumi suku [[Suku Indian|Indian]] [[Comanche]], yang melakukan serangkaian penyerangan terhadap
{{cite book|last=Gwinnett|first=S.C.|title=Empire of the Summer Moon: Quanah Parker and the Rise and Fall of the Comanches, the Most Powerful Indian Tribe in American History|isbn=1-4165-9106-0}}</ref> Pada akhir [[1830-an]], Sam Houston merundingkan perdamaian dengan Comanche. Namun, ketika Lamar menggantikan Houston pada [[1838]], ia membatalkan perdamaian yang dibuat oleh Houston. Lamar mengirimkan pasukannya menginvasi [[Comancheria]]. Sebagai balasan, suku Comanche melakukan beberapa serangan ke Texas. Setelah perundingan damai pada 1840 berakhir dengan pembunuhan 34 orang pemimpin Comanche di [[San Antonio]], suku Comanches melancarkan serangan besar-besaran yang dikenal sebagai [[Great Raid of 1840]]. Di bawah pimpinan Potsanaquahip ([[Buffalo Hump]]), 500 - 700 prajurit berkuda Comanche menyapu lembah Sungai Guadalupe, membunuh dan merampok sepanjang jalan menuju pantai Teluk Meksiko,
{{Harvnb|Hämäläinen|2008|pp=215–217}}.</ref>
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{{Main|Aneksasi Texas}}
Pada [[28 Februari]] [[1845]], [[Kongres Amerika Serikat|US Congress]] mengesahkan Undang-Undang yang akan
[[File:Texas Statehood 1945 Issue-3c.jpg|thumb|left|185px|<center>Perangko Peringatan 100 Tahun</center><center>Texas bergabung ke AS</center>]]
[[Image:Texas proposed boundaries.svg|thumb|right|Proposal perbatasan utara dan barat Texas dalam debat 1850]]
Pada [[13 Oktober]] [[1845]], sebagian besar pemilih di Texas menyetujui proposal Amerika Serikat dan draft konstitusi yang secara spesifik
The resolution did include two unique provisions: First, it said up to four additional states could be created from Texas' territory with the consent of the State of Texas (and that new states north of the [[Missouri Compromise Line]] would be [[Slave and free states|free states]]). Though the resolution did not make exceptions to the constitution,<ref>[http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/ref/abouttx/annexation/march1845.html Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States]</ref> the U.S. Constitution neither requires Congressional consent to the creation of new states to be ''ex post'' to applications nor to expire. To show the strength of the latter caveat, [[Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution|the 27th Amendment]] was submitted in the 18th century, yet was not ratified until the 1990s; thus, congressional consent via the resolution to new states would not expire, or require renewal. Second, Texas did not have to surrender its public lands to the federal government. While Texas did cede all territory outside of its current area to the federal government in 1850, it did not cede any public lands within its current boundaries. Consequently, the lands in Texas owned by the federal government are those which were subsequently purchased by it. This also means the state government has control over [[oil reserves]] which were later used to fund the state's public university system through the [[Permanent University Fund]].<ref>[http://www2.tsl.state.tx.us/exhibits/annexation/part5/question8.html Texas Annexation : Questions and Answers], Texas State Library & Archives Commission.</ref> In addition, the state's control over offshore oil reserves in Texas runs out to 3 [[nautical league]]s (9 nautical miles, 10.357 statute miles, 16.668 km) rather than three nautical miles (3.45 statute miles, 5.56 km) as with other states.<ref>[http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/feature_articles/2005/offshore/offshore.pdf Overview of US Legislation and Regulations Affecting Offshore Natural Gas and Oil Activity]</ref><ref>http://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/363/1/</ref>
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.texasbob.com/texdoc7.html The Texas Declaration Of Independence] ''TexasBob.com.''
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