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* {{cite book|last=Brinkley|first=Alan|authorlink=Alan Brinkley|title=American History: A Survey|publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=2007|edition=12|isbn=978-0-07-312492-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Gould|first=Lewis L.|title=The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt|publisher=University Press of Kansas|year=1992|isbn=978-0-7006-0565-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Harbaugh|first=William Henry|title=The Life and Times of Theodore Roosevelt|year=1961|publisher=Farrar, Straus And Cudahy|location=New York|edition=1|url=http://www.archive.org/details/powerandresponsi012652mbp|isbn=978-0-19-519822-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Mowry|first=George E.|title=The Era of Theodore Roosevelt and the Birth of Modern America, 1900-1912|publisher=Harper Torchbooks|location=New York and Evanston|year=1958|edition=1|url=http://www.archive.org/details/eraoftheodoreroo010861mbp|isbn=978-0-06-133022-3}}
* {{cite book|last=Rhodes|first=James|authorlink=James Ford Rhodes|title=The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations, 1897-1909|year=1922|publisher=The MacMillan Company|location=New York|url=http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=6404794 |isbn=978-1-4067-3464-5}}